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17 results for “trait-based assembly”
Geographical variation in the trait-based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities
<p><span>It has been argu</span><span>ed that the mechanisms structuring ecological communities may be more generalizable when based on traits than on species identities. If so, patterns in the assembly of community-level traits along environmental gradients should be similar in different places in the world. Alternatively, geographic change in the species pool and regional variation in climate might result in site-specific relationships between community traits and local environments. These competing hypotheses are particularly untested for animal communities. </span><span>Here we test the geographic constancy of trait-based assembly patterns using a widespread multi-trophic community: aquatic macroinvertebrates within bromeliads. We used data on 615 invertebrate taxa from 1656 bromeliads in 26 field sites from Mexico to Argentina. We summarized invertebrate traits with four orthogonal axes, and used these trait axes to examine trait convergence and divergence assembly patterns along three environmental gradients: detrital biomass and water volume in bromeliads, and canopy cover over bromeliads. </span><span>We found no overall signal of trait-based assembly patterns along any of the environmental gradients. However, individual sites did show trait convergence along detrital and water gradients, and we built predictive models to explore these site differences. </span><span>Sites that showed trait convergence along detrital gradients were all north of the Northern Andes. This geographic pattern may be related to phylogeographic differences in bromeliad morphology. Bromeliads with low detritus were dominated by detritivorous collectors and filter feeders, where those with high detritus had more sclerotized and predatory invertebrates. </span><span>Sites that showed the strongest trait convergence along gradients in bromeliad water were in regions with seasonal precipitation. In such sites, bromeliads with low water were dominated by soft-bodied, benthic invertebrates with simple life cycles. In less seasonal sites, traits associated with short-term desiccation resistance, such as hard exoskeletons, were more important.</span><span> In summary, we show that there are strong geographic effects on the trait-based assembly patterns of this invertebrate community, driven by the biogeography of their foundational plant species as well as by regional climate. We suggest that inclusion of biogeography and climate in trait-based community ecology could help make it a truly general theory. (excerpted from Srivastava, DS et al. 2022. Geographical variation in the trait-based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities. Functional Ecology)</span></p>
Geographical variation in the trait-based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities
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Data and code from: Similar trait-based successional assembly in native and introduced plants despite species pool differences
<p>What drives the composition of invaded communities and the local abundance of introduced species are key questions in ecology. Community-assembly theory provides a useful framework for addressing these questions. Specifically, the environmental filtering model of community assembly predicts that a species' presence and abundance in a community depends on the interaction between its functional traits and the local environmental filters. However, for introduced species, larger-scale dispersal and introduction-related filters may restrict their regional trait pool. Here we tested this framework using long-term data from 50+ years of old-field vegetation succession. We asked whether native and introduced plant assemblages followed the same trait-based assembly rules. We also asked whether local functional dissimilarities between the two can be explained by regional species pool differences, a possibility that has rarely been addressed. We found strong similarities in the assembly processes of native and introduced plants. Average height and seed mass of both groups increased over time, consistent with previous studies of old-field succession. Moreover, the two showed similar trait-abundance relationships. While there were also some differences, particularly in their trait-incidence relationships, these differences appeared to be minor.Further, we identified species pool constraints on introduced species, and found that the exotic species pool was biased towards early successional traits. Lastly, we found that highly invasive exotic species were also likely to deviate from the expected trait-abundance relationship, suggesting a link between the two. These results suggest that introduced species generally follow the same assembly rules as native species. They also indicate that species pool differences can result in local functional composition differences, even when the two groups follow the same assembly rules. Moreover, there may be a link between species invasiveness and deviation from assembly rules, which, if further confirmed, provides a potential method of identifying strong invaders.</p>
Data for: A spatially explicit trait-based approach uncovers changes in assembly processes under warming
<p><span>The re-assembly of plant communities during climate warming depends on several concurrent processes. Here we present a novel framework that integrates spatially explicit sampling, plant trait information and a warming experiment to quantify shifts in these assembly processes. By accounting for spatial distance between individuals, our framework allows separation of potential signals of environmental filtering from those of different types of competition. When applied to an elevational transplant experiment in the French Alps, we found common signals of environmental filtering and competition in all communities. Signals of environmental filtering were generally stronger in alpine than in subalpine control communities, and warming reduced this filter. Competition signals depended on treatments and traits: Symmetrical competition was dominant in control and warmed alpine communities, while hierarchical competition was present in subalpine communities. Our study highlights how distance dependent frameworks can contribute to a better understanding of transient re-assembly dynamics during environmental change.</span></p>
Data for: A spatially explicit trait-based approach uncovers changes in assembly processes under warming
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Data from: Using trophic structure to reveal patterns of trait-based community assembly across niche dimensions
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Data from: A phylogenetic- and trait-based analysis of community assembly in a subtropical forest in central China
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Data and code from: Similar trait-based successional assembly in native and introduced plants despite species pool differences
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Code from: A theoretical framework for trait-based eco-evolutionary dynamics: population structure, intraspecific variation, and community assembly
<p>How is trait diversity in a community apportioned between and within co-evolving species? Disruptive selection may result in either a few species with large intraspecific trait variation (ITV) or many species with different mean traits but little ITV. Similar questions arise in spatially structured communities: heterogeneous environments could result in either a few species that exhibit local adaptation or many species with different mean traits but little local adaptation. To date, theory has been well-equipped to either include ITV or to dynamically determine the number of coexisting species, but not both. Here, we devise a theoretical framework that combines these facets, and apply it to the above questions of how trait variation is apportioned within and between species in unstructured and structured populations, using two simple models of Lotka-Volterra competition. For unstructured communities, we find that as the breadth of the resource spectrum increases, ITV goes from being unimportant to crucial for characterizing the community. For spatially structured communities on two patches, we find no local adaptation, symmetric local adaptation, or asymmetric local adaptation depending on how much the patches differ. Our framework provides a general approach to incorporate ITV in models of eco-evolutionary community assembly.</p>
Data from: Disentangling the relative importance of species occurrence, abundance and intraspecific variability in community assembly: a trait-based approach at the whole-plant level in Mediterranean forests
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Code from: A theoretical framework for trait-based eco-evolutionary dynamics: population structure, intraspecific variation, and community assembly
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Mammals on mountainsides revisited: trait-based tests of assembly reveal the importance of abiotic filters
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Data from: Recasting the dynamic equilibrium model through a functional lens: the interplay of trait-based community assembly and climate
1. According to the dynamic equilibrium hypothesis (DEH), plant species richness is locally controlled by productivity and disturbance. Given that regional conditions widely affect local environmental variables such as soil nutrient availability, the DEH predictions could be improved by considering how climate influences local controls of species richness. Further, a trait-based approach to community assembly has the potential to reveal a deeper, mechanistic understanding of species richness variation across environments. Here we bring together DEH and trait-based community assembly expectations to examine if and how local relationships between diversity, disturbance and productivity are affected by habitat filtering and regional climate. 2. We specifically tested how gradients of local nutrient availability and disturbance intensity interact with climatic conditions to drive the species richness of grassland communities. Further, we recast the DEH through a functional lens by exploring how disturbance-diversity and nutrient availability-diversity relationships are shaped by the functional space occupied by species in a community and species packing within this functional space. 3. The functional space occupied by co-occurring species and the way they are functionally packed are quantified using multi-trait indices calculated with five core plant functional traits. Working with grassland communities spread across differing regional climatic conditions, we used mixed models to test if the variation in taxonomic and functional metrics corresponded to the dynamic equilibrium model's predictions as well as to determine the relationship between those metrics. 4. Contrary to the expectations based on the relation between species richness and the functional components considered, taxonomic and functional metrics did not vary in accordance along environmental gradients. Climate strongly interacted with the local environment to modulate local diversity patterns, sometimes even inversing a given trend and falsifying the DEH predictions. 5. Synthesis. Our findings quantitatively highlight the interplay between regional and local environmental gradients in driving community assembly. We demonstrate that, depending on climatic conditions, observed patterns of both taxonomic and functional community composition can be opposite to expected productivity-diversity and disturbance-diversity relationships. This emphasizes the relevance of multi-faceted studies of biodiversity and the need for a more systematic quantification of regional controls in community assembly studies.
Trait-based approach confirms the importance of propagule limitation and assembly rules in old-field restoration
<p>Trait values for plant species present in our research.</p>
Data from: Abiotic heterogeneity underlies trait-based competition and assembly
1. The fitness of individual species depends on their ability to persist and establish at low densities, just as the diversity of ecological communities depends on the establishment and persistence of low-density, 'invader' species. Theory predicts that abiotic conditions and the competitive make-up of resident communities jointly shape invader fitness, limiting the phenotypic identity of successful invaders. 2. We use an invasion experiment to ask how competitive traits of 20 introduced plant species alter their absolute fitness in fragments that differ in size, abiotic conditions and traits of the resident community. 3. We show that abiotic conditions interact with both invader traits and resident functional diversity to determine invader survival. Optimal invader traits depended on the soil characteristics, while greater resident trait diversity lowered invader fitness and had especially strong effects in low resource environments. Unlike other abiotic conditions, fragment size had consistent effects irrespective of invader identity, decreasing survival in larger fragments. 4. Synthesis. Our results illustrate how the abiotic environment mediates the effects of resident and invader traits on establishment, creating fitness landscapes that structure local diversity and the functional identities of successful species.
Data from: Abiotic heterogeneity underlies trait-based competition and assembly
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Data from: Recasting the dynamic equilibrium model through a functional lens: the interplay of trait-based community assembly and climate
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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