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4 results for “trait-climate relationship”
Functional biogeography of Neotropical moist forests: trait-climate relationships and assembly patterns of tree communities
<p>Aim: Here we examine the functional profile of regional tree species pools across the latitudinal distribution of Neotropical moist forests, and test trait-climate relationships among local communities. We expected opportunistic strategies (acquisitive traits, small seeds) to be overrepresented in species pools further from the equator due to long-term instability, but also in terms of abundance in local communities in currently wetter, warmer and more seasonal climates.</p> <p>Location: Neotropics.</p> <p>Time period: Recent.</p> <p>Major taxa studied: Trees.</p> <p>Methods: We obtained abundance data from 471 plots across nine Neotropical regions, including ~100,000 trees of 3,417 species, in addition to six functional traits. We compared occurrence-based trait distributions among regional species pools, and evaluated single trait-climate relationships across local communities using community abundance-weighted means (CWM). Multivariate trait-climate relationships were assessed by a double-constrained correspondence analysis that tests both how CWMs relate to climate and how species distributions, parameterized by niche centroids in climate space, relate to their traits.</p> <p>Results: Regional species pools were undistinguished in functional terms, but opportunistic strategies dominated local communities further from the equator, particularly in the northern hemisphere. Climate explained up to 57% of the variation in CWM traits, with increasing prevalence of lower-statured, light-wooded and softer-leaved species bearing smaller seeds in more seasonal, wetter and warmer climates. Species distribution were significantly but weakly related to functional traits.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Neotropical moist forest regions share similar sets of functional strategies, from which local assembly processes, driven by current climatic conditions, select for species with different functional strategies. We can thus expect functional responses to climate change driven by changes in relative abundances of species already present regionally. Particularly, equatorial forests holding the most conservative traits and large seeds are likely to experience the most severe changes if climate change triggers the proliferation of opportunistic tree species.</p>
Global intraspecific trait-climate relationships for grasses are linked to a species' typical form and function
<p>Plant traits are useful for predicting how species may respond to environmental change and/or influence ecosystem properties. Understanding the extent to which traits vary within species and across climatic gradients is particularly important for understanding how species may respond to climate change. We explored whether climate drives spatial patterns of intraspecific trait variation for three traits (specific leaf area (SLA), plant height, and leaf nitrogen content (Nmass)) across 122 grass species (family: Poaceae) with a combined distribution across six continents. We tested the hypothesis that the sensitivity (i.e., slope) of intraspecific trait responses to climate across space would be related to the species' typical form and function (e.g., leaf economics, stature, and lifespan). We observed both positive and negative intraspecific trait responses to climate with the distribution of slope coefficients across species straddling zero for precipitation, temperature, and climate seasonality. As hypothesized, variation in slope coefficients across species was partially explained by leaf economics and lifespan. For example, acquisitive species with nitrogen-rich leaves grew taller and produced leaves with higher SLA in warmer regions compared to species with low N<sub>mass</sub>. Compared to perennials, annual grasses invested in leaves with higher SLA yet decreased height and N<sub>mass</sub> in regions with high precipitation seasonality. Thus, while the influence of climate on trait expression may at first appear idiosyncratic, variation in trait-climate slope coefficients is at least partially explained by the species' typical form and function. Overall, our results suggest that a species' mean location along one axis of trait variation (e.g., leaf economics) could influence how traits along a separate axis of variation (e.g., plant size) respond to spatial variation in climate.</p>
Global intraspecific trait-climate relationships for grasses are linked to a species’ typical form and function
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Functional biogeography of Neotropical moist forests: trait-climate relationships and assembly patterns of tree communities
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