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6 results for “transgenerational priming”
Parasite resistance and parasite tolerance: insights into transgenerational immune priming in an invertebrate host
<p>Parasites impose different selection regimes on their hosts, which respond by increasing their resistance and/or tolerance. Parental challenge with parasites can enhance the immune response of their offspring, a phenomenon documented in invertebrates and termed transgenerational immune priming. We exposed two parental generations of the model organism <em>Daphnia magna</em> to the horizontally-transmitted parasitic yeast <em>Metschnikowia bicuspidata</em>, and recorded resistance- and tolerance-related traits in the offspring generation. We hypothesized that parentally-primed offspring will increase either their resistance or their tolerance to the parasite. Our susceptibility assays revealed no impact of parental exposure on offspring resistance. Nonetheless, different fitness-related traits, which are indicative of tolerance, were altered. Specifically, maternal priming increased offspring production and decreased survival. Grandmaternal priming positively affected age at first reproduction and negatively affected brood size at first reproduction. Interestingly, both maternal and grandmaternal priming significantly reduced within-host parasite proliferation. Nevertheless, <em>Daphnia </em>primed for two consecutive generations had no competitive advantage in comparison to unprimed ones, implying additive maternal and grandmaternal effects. Our findings do not support evidence of transgenerational immune priming from bacterial infections in the same host species, thus emphasizing that transgenerational immune responses may not be consistent even within the same host species.</p>
Data for: Parent-specific transgenerational immune priming enhances offspring defense – unless heat stress negates it all
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Parasite resistance and parasite tolerance: insights into transgenerational immune priming in an invertebrate host
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Phenotypic plasticity in plant defense across life stages: inducibility, transgenerational induction, and transgenerational priming in wild radish
As they develop, many plants deploy shifts in anti-herbivore defense allocation due to changing costs and benefits of their defensive traits. Plant defenses are known to be primed or directly induced by herbivore damage within generations, and across generations by long-lasting epigenetic mechanisms. However, little is known about the ontogenetic trajectories of epigenetically inducible defensive traits across generations and their consequences. To help fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a multigenerational experiment to determine whether defense induction in wild radish plants was reflected in chromatin modifications (DNA methylation); we then examined ontogenetic trajectories (seedlings to reproductive plants) of current and transgenerational plasticity in anti-herbivore chemical (glucosinolates) and physical (trichomes) defenses in this species. Herbivory triggered genome methylation both in targeted plants and their offspring. Within one generation, both defenses were highly inducible at the seedling stage but only marginally or non-inducible in reproductive plants. Across generations, herbivory experienced by mother plants caused strong direct induction of physical defenses in their progeny, with effects lasting from seedling to reproductive stages. For chemical defenses, however, this transgenerational induction was evident only in adults. Transgenerational priming was observed in physical defenses both for seedlings and adult plants. Our results show that transgenerational induction and priming in response to herbivore offense differ for physical and chemical defense and change across plant life stages.
Phenotypic plasticity in plant defense across life stages: inducibility, transgenerational induction, and transgenerational priming in wild radish
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Heat priming induces transgeneration thermo-tolerance
GEO Series GSE79273. Triticum aestivum. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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OpenNeuro
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