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25 results for “transgenerational response”
Physiological and biochemical data for an experiment examining transgenerational effects in response to MHWs in S. purpuratus from the Santa Barbara Channel
Kelp forests of the Santa Barbara Channel have experienced prolonged marine heatwave (MHW) events that overlap in time with the phenology of life history events (e.g., gametogenesis and spawning) of marine invertebrates. To study the effect of thermal stress from MHWs during gametogenesis in the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus), adult urchins were acclimated to two conditions in the laboratory – a MHW (18°C) and a non-MHW (13°C) temperature at a time when gametogenesis would occur in situ. Following a four-month long acclimation period (October– January), adults were spawned and offspring from each parental condition were reared at MHW and non-MHW temperatures, creating a total of four offspring treatments. To assess for transgenerational effects in gamete traits, we measured egg size and biochemical composition. In addition, evidence of transgenerational effects was assessed by measuring embryo size and thermal tolerance of the progeny. Results indicated that MHW temperatures did affect life history traits. MHW-acclimated females had eggs with higher protein concentrations. Additionally, maternal thermal history influenced embryo body size at multiple stages of development while offspring developmental temperatures influenced body size only at the prism stage. Lastly, embryos from MHW-acclimated females were more thermally tolerant with higher LT50 values as compared to progeny from non-MHW-acclimated females. Overall, results showed that the thermal history of female S. purpuratus and developmental temperature influenced offspring traits and performance indicating that prolonged thermal stress, when it occurs during critical life history events, could influence reproductive success in situ. Moreover, our results suggest that transgenerational acclimation may aid in the capacity to resist the thermal stress associated with MHWs during early development in S. purpuratus.
Transgenerational plasticity in a zooplankton in response to elevated temperature and parasitism
<p>Organisms are increasingly facing multiple stressors, which can simultaneously interact to cause unpredictable impacts compared to a single stressor alone. Recent evidence suggests that phenotypic plasticity can allow for rapid responses to altered environments, including biotic and abiotic stressors, both within a generation and across generations (transgenerational plasticity). Parents can potentially 'prime' their offspring to better cope with similar stressors, or, alternatively, might produce offspring that are less fit because of energetic constraints. At present, it remains unclear exactly how biotic and abiotic stressors jointly mediate the responses of transgenerational plasticity, and whether this plasticity is adaptive. Here we test the effects of biotic and abiotic environmental changes on within- and trans-generational plasticity using a <em>Daphnia</em>-<em>Metschnikowia</em> zooplankton-fungal parasite system. By exposing parents and their offspring consecutively to the single and combined effects of elevated temperature and parasite infection, we showed that transgenerational plasticity induced by temperature and parasite stress influenced host fecundity and lifespan; offspring of mothers that were exposed to one of the stressors were better able to tolerate elevated temperature, compared to offspring of mothers that were exposed to neither or both stressors. Yet the negative effects caused by parasite infection were much stronger, and this greater reduction in host fitness was not mitigated by transgenerational plasticity. We also showed that elevated temperature led to a lower average immune response and that the relationship between immune response and lifetime fecundity reversed under elevated temperature: the daughters of exposed mothers showed decreased fecundity with increased hemocyte production at ambient temperature, but the opposite relationship at elevated temperature. Together, our results highlight the need to address questions at the interface of multiple stressors and transgenerational plasticity, and the importance of considering multiple fitness-associated traits when evaluating the adaptive value of transgenerational plasticity under changing environments.</p>
Transgenerational plasticity in a zooplankton in response to elevated temperature and parasitism
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Data and analyses from: Context matters: A meta-analysis of the variable impacts of transgenerational and developmental plasticity on responses to stress
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Data from: Genotypic variation in the induction and persistence of transgenerational responses to seasonal cues
Phenotypes respond to environments experienced directly by an individual, via phenotypic plasticity, or to the environment experienced by ancestors, via transgenerational environmental effects. The adaptive value of environmental effects depends not only on the strength and direction of the induced response, but also on how long the response persists within and across generations, and how stably it is expressed across environments that are encountered subsequently. Little is known about the genetic basis of those distinct components, or even whether they exhibit genetic variation. We tested for genetic differences in the inducibility, temporal persistence, and environmental stability of transgenerational environmental effects in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetic variation existed in the inducibility of transgenerational effects on traits expressed across the life cycle. Surprisingly, the persistence of transgenerational effects into the third generation was uncorrelated with their induction in the second generation. While environmental effects for some traits in some genotypes weakened over successive generations, others were stronger or even in the opposite direction in more distant generations. Therefore, transgenerational effects in more distant generations are not merely caused by the retention or dissipation of those expressed in prior generations, but they may be genetically independent traits with the potential to evolve independently.
Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels
Understanding the mechanisms with which organisms can respond to a rapidly changing ocean is an important research priority in marine sciences, especially in light of recent predictions regarding the pace of ocean change in the coming decades. Transgenerational effects, in which the experience of the parental generation can shape the phenotype of their offspring, may serve as such a mechanism. In this study, adult purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were conditioned to regionally and ecologically relevant pCO2 levels and temperatures representative of upwelling (low temperature, high pCO2) and non-upwelling (average temperature, low pCO2) conditions typical of coastal upwelling regions in the California Current System. Following 4.5 months of conditioning, adults were spawned and offspring were raised under either high or low pCO2 levels, to examine the role of maternal effects. Using RNA-seq and comparative transcriptomics, our results indicate that differential conditioning of the adults had an effect on the gene expression patterns of the progeny during the gastrula stage of early development. For example, maternal conditioning under upwelling conditions intensified the transcriptomic response of the progeny when they were raised under high versus low pCO2 conditions. Additionally, mothers that experienced upwelling conditions produced larger progeny. The overall findings of this study are complex, but do suggest that transgenerational plasticity in situ could act as an important mechanism by which populations might keep pace with rapid environmental change.
Data from: Adaptive responses and transgenerational plasticity of a submerged plant to benthivorous fish disturbance
<p>Benthivorous fish dominance in some subtropical lakes may alter submerged plant growth, reproduction, and progeny germination by changing water-submerged plant-algae interactions. We conducted mesocosm experiments to examine the effects of three densities of benthivorous fish, <em>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</em>, on the water properties, the growth, asexual reproduction, and the germination of turions of <em>Potamogeton crispus</em> L.</p> <p>The dataset includes water environment characteristics, macrophyte traits, algae traits, and sediment nutrient characteristics. Macrophyte traits include morphological, stoichiometric, turion traits, and germination traits.</p>
Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels
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Data from: Adaptive responses and transgenerational plasticity of a submerged plant to benthivorous fish disturbance
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Data from: Genotypic variation in the induction and persistence of transgenerational responses to seasonal cues
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Data from: Rapid transgenerational effects in Knautia arvensis in response to plant-community diversity
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Data from: Individual variation in plasticity dulls transgenerational responses to stress
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Data from: Transgenerational and within-generation plasticity in response to climate change: insights from a manipulative field experiment across an elevational gradient
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Data from: Transgenerational plasticity responses of oysters to ocean acidification differ with habitat
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Data from: Local adaptation in transgenerational responses to predators
Environmental signals can induce phenotypic changes that span multiple generations. Along with phenotypic responses that occur during development (i.e., 'within-generation' plasticity), such 'transgenerational plasticity' (TGP) has been documented in a diverse array of taxa spanning many environmental perturbations. New theory predicts that temporal stability is a key driver of the evolution of TGP. We tested this prediction using natural populations of zooplankton from lakes in Connecticut that span a large gradient in the temporal dynamics of predator-induced mortality. We reared >120 clones of Daphnia ambigua from 9 lakes for multiple generations in the presence/absence of predator cues. We found that temporal variation in mortality selects for within-generation plasticity while consistently strong (or weak) mortality selects for increased transgenerational plasticity. Such results provide the first evidence for local adaptation in TGP and argue that divergent ecological conditions select for phenotypic responses within and across generations.
Data from: Evolution without standing genetic variation: change in transgenerational plastic response under persistent predation pressure
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Data from: Local adaptation in transgenerational responses to predators
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Transgenerational inheritance of DNA hypomethylation in Daphnia magna in response to salinity stress.
GEO Series GSE107340. Daphnia magna. 15 samples. Type: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transgenerational inheritance of chronic adolescent stress: Effects of stress response and the amygdala transcriptome
GEO Series GSE108452. Mus musculus. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transgenerational inheritance of an acquired small RNA-based antiviral response in C.elegans
GEO Series GSE33334. Caenorhabditis elegans. 4 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.