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53 results for “transmittance”
Spectral transmittance of solar radiation by screens and nets used in horticulture and agriculture
<p>We present a dataset of measurement of the spectral transmittance of 197 horticultural nets and screens from five companies. These materials span a range of uses from shading and reducing the heat load on plants to blocking pests such as birds and insects. Routinely, these materials are used in greenhouses and polytunnels to reduce the sunlight received by plants, however their spectral transmittance is not routinely measured. The spectral irradiance that plants receive can affect plant growth and photomorphogenesis, hence this information is of value when selecting the most appropriate material for a given purpose. The spectral transmittance of the materials was measured outdoors close to solar noon using an array spectrometer calibrated for the range 290-900 nm and compared directly with the ambient solar spectral irradiance. The measured spectrum encompasses those regions perceived by plants through known photoreceptors and used by plants in photosynthesis: ultraviolet (UV); photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and near infra red (far red – FR).</p> <p>The solar spectral photon irradiance (μmol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) transmitted by screens and nets from several manufacturers was measured with an array spectroradiometer. Our measurements and analyses are focused on the differences in spectral irradiance, created when employing these screens and nets, in order to address the lack of detailed studies of these light environments, rather than the physiochemical properties of materials or their cost-effectiveness. The measurements of spectral irradiance under climate screens, and shade and insect nets, were made on clear days in sunny conditions close to solar noon (between 10 a.m. to 2 p.m local time) at NC State University campus (35.78°N, -78.67°W) in late July and early August 2017, and in Viikki Field Plots at the University of Helsinki (60.22°N, 25.01°E, 55 m asl) in July and August 2018. The methods for measurements at North Carolina State University follow the protocol described below and published in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199628">Kotilainen et al., (2018)</a>, where a comprehensive assessment of the results of this subset of screens/nets and their meaning is also given.</p> <p>The measurements were performed in an open field with no surrounding structures or buildings within 20 m. Repeated measurements of each different sample were made in a randomised order, thus ensuring comparability among measurements. Measurements were made on a tripod 0.7 m above the ground and the sample was secured to a wooden plate 3 cm above the diffusor. A test, comparing four larger (1 x 1 m) samples against those of the standard dimensions that we used, found that the area of screen/net measured did not affect the results at this distance between the screen/net and diffusor. Thus, there was no evidence that unfiltered diffuse or scattered radiation interfered with measurements despite the relatively small dimensions of the sample.</p> <p>Measurements under each screen/net sample in 2017 (Svensson 13 x 19 cm, Mallas Textiles 8 x 10 cm) were made twice to account for any possible effect of sample placement over the cosine diffuser and change in the sun angle during a set of measurements. Given that no significant differences were evidence, the 2018 screen/net samples (Criado y Lopez 8 x 12 cm, Howitec 15 x 25 cm, Huachang yarns 25 x 30 cm, and Jiangsu Huachang Yarns and Fabrics 8 x 12 cm) were only measurement once. A recording of spectral irradiance without the screen/net of filtered sunlight was made directly before and after each filter measurement (called “Open”).</p> <p>The spectrometer used had been calibrated for measurements of UV and visible solar radiation (Maya2000 Pro Ocean Optics, Dunedin, FL, USA; D7-H-SMA cosine diffuser, Bentham Instruments Ltd, Reading, UK - see <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4496">Hartikainen et al., 2018</a> for details of the measurement protocol). Briefly, each measurement of irradiance transmitted beneath a screen or net was followed by sequence of measurements in the dark and with a polycarbonate filter attenuating all UV radiation. These controls accounted for the dark noise and stray light in the UV waveband. Both a correction for the shape of the slit function and for stray light were included in the post-processing of the spectra (<a href="http://uv4plants.org/methods/how-to-check-an-array-spectrometer/">Aphalo et al., 2016</a>). Bracketing was performed by taking a measurement of the UV region and splicing this together this the entire spectrum. All measurements were processed using the Photobiology packages in R.</p> <p>Measurements of solar spectral irradiance in the wavelength range from 290 nm to 900 nm were processed in R, using the <em>photobiology</em> packages developed for spectral analysis (<a href="https://doi.org/10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14">Aphalo, 2015</a>). We present spectral photon irradiance (μmol m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) and spectral energy irradiance (W m<sup>-2</sup>). Plants absorbs photons producing a chemical change (Grotthus Law) thus photon irradiance is more easily applicable understanding to biological processes in plants. The spectral transmittance of the screens/nets are the most useful data presented. Essentially the patterns of spectral attenuation will be consistent, irrespective of whether spectra are expressed as photon or energy irradiance.</p> <p>Utilizing predefined functions available in the <em>photobiology</em> packages, we calculated the integrals and photon ratios of these integrals as follows: UVB:PAR 280–315 nm/400-700 nm, UVA:PAR 315–400 nm/400-700 nm, blue:green (B:G) 420–490 nm/500-570 nm, blue:red (B:R) 420–490 nm/620-680 nm. Red and far-red for the calculation of R:FR ratio are 655–665 nm and 725–735 nm, respectively. UVB radiation and UVA radiation are defined according to ISO, blue, green and red according to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.160820">Sellaro et al. (2010)</a>, and R:FR according to <a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.33.060182.002405">Smith(1982)</a>.</p> <p>The same definitions of the UV-waveband are maintained for both spectral integrals and their ratios throughout, i.e. according to ISO, (<a href="http://doi:%2010.21273/HORTTECH03648-16">Both et al., 2017</a>). This is because the UVB and UVA wavebands of solar radiation follow distinct daily patterns of variation; UVB irradiance is highest during the four hours around solar noon, whereas the UVA region of solar radiation remains a similar proportion of total irradiance throughout the day. These differences also imply that UVA and UVB radiation follow different diurnal and seasonal patterns of variation (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00216.x">Seckmeyer et al., 2007</a>).</p> <p><strong>Data Files Available</strong></p> <p><strong>DataBaseScreensNets.zip</strong></p> <p>Graphs (.jpg files) of actual measured (1) spectral energy irradiance, (2) spectral photon irradiance, and (3) proportion transmittance of solar radiation, for each screen and net. (1) Energy Irradiance figures (suffix _EI.) and (2) Photon Irradiance figures (suffix _PI.) are plot of the measured values of irradiance under the filter (screen/net) and corresponding measurements without the screen or net (“open” measurement) for comparison (290-898 nm wavelength range). The proportion transmittance under each screen or net is calculated from comparison of the open and measured spectrum (suffix _Trans). The low-wavelength tail end of the spectrum is trimmed (<310 nm) in each plots since % transmittance are inflated by low signal to noise ratio in the UV-B region where irradiance values are very low.</p> <p>The database screens and net are identified by the name of the company “_” name of the screen/net for all 197 materials.</p> <p>These figures can be reproduced from the file “ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt” using the R code “Plotting_DataBaseScreensNets.r”</p> <p><strong>ImagesScreensNets.zip</strong></p> <p>Image files (.jpg files) from photos and scans of each of the measured screens and nets. One image from each of the 197 filter materials (screens/nets) measured is stored in folders arranged according to the company for each filter type. The companies are: Criado y Lopez; HowiTech; Huanchang yarns; Jiangsu Huachang Yarns & Fabrics; Mallas_Textiles and Svensson.</p> <p><strong>ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt</strong></p> <p>This is the main database file containing the measurements of spectral irradiance beneath each filter material (screen/net) from 290 nm – 898 nm and corresponding open reading, and calculated spectral transmittance.</p> <p>Data are in columns as follows: (A) Company – the Company name; (B) FilterName – the filter name as given by the company; (C) Serial - a serial number, effectively equivalent to the order in which the materials were measured; (D) wavelength – at intervals recorded by the array spectrometer running for each spectrum from 290.02 nm to 897.73 nm; (D) FilterEI - energy irradiance of transmitted solar radiation measured 3 cm beneath the filter material (screen/net) at each wavelength of the spectrum; (E) FilterPI – photon irradiance equivalent to the energy irradiance; (F) OpenEI – energy irradiance of solar radiation at the same location without the filter material (screen/net) (G) OpenPI – photon irradiance equivalent to the energy irradiance; (H) FilterFactor – the proportion of radiation transmitted by the filter material (screen/net) at each wavelength measured, a value between 0.0 and 1.0 (values out of range at low wavelengths in the UV-B region are replaced with 0.0 or 0.1).</p> <p>Processed spectra are given: processing of raw spectra was done with <em>Photobiology</em> packages in R. Full spectra were recorded with an integration time set manually to give maximum counts of just less than 60 000 at the wavelength corresponding to peak spectral irradiance. Bracketing was performed by recording a second spectrum (long spectrum) with ten-times longer integration time than this, to achieve greater accuracy of measurement in the UV region (< 400 nm). These two spectra were spliced together. Each filter measurement was accompanied by a dark measurement (to estimate dark noise) and a measurement under a polycarbonate filter (PC) to correct for stray light. In 2018, these two readings were performed immediately after the filter material (screen/net) was measured; both within 10 s total of the filter material measurement for both the full spectrum, and long spectrum.</p> <p><strong>ScreensNets_irrad_trans.xlsx</strong></p> <p>This Excel file contains the same information in columns as the file ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt but with a second worksheet showing the trimming calculations for out-of-range readings at low UV-B wavelength and with an addition final column, the irradiance spectrum open29_irrad (described below).</p> <p><strong>Open29_irrad.txt</strong></p> <p>In order to obtain standardised BSWF files to comparison with each other, the calculated proportion spectral transmittance results for each filter material (screen/net) were applied to a “standard” solar-noon open-spectrum from Helsinki recorded on a date close to midsummer (Open29_irrad.txt). This spectrum was measured as described above.</p> <p>This spectrum was measured at Viikki Fields, Helsinki on Wed June 27<sup>th</sup> 2018 at 13:15:33 EEST (Integration Time, 110000 μsec; bracketting x10) in a completely open area.</p> <p>To apply the transmittance data to their own locations, database users should substitute the spectrum from their own location for Open29_irrad.txt to obtain spectral irradiance data for the effects of the filter materials (screens/net) at their site using the R code Calculating_Spectral_Integrals.r</p> <p><strong>ScreensNets_spectral_integrals.txt</strong></p> <p>The file gives a matrix of spectral integrals and ratios calculated with the <em>Photobiology</em> packages in R for each of the spectra presented in ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt. Column headings are the filter material ID, made up from the “Company name” “_” “filter name”. The first column contains row names identifying spectral integrals and ratios calculated – first as energy irradiance then as photon irradiance and finally as photon ratios. Calculations are made using the BSWF (<strong>Spectral_Integrals_Function.r</strong>) as follows: PAR_e; UVB_e; UVA_e; UVb350_e; UVa350_e; Blue_e; Green_e; Red_e; Far_red_e; GEN_G_e; GEN_T_e; PG_e; DNA_N_e; CIE_e; FLAV_e; Infra_red_e; PAR_q; UVB_q; UVA_q; UVb350_q; UVa350_q; Blue_q; Green_q; Red_q; Far_red_q; GEN_G_q; GEN_T_q; PG_q; DNA_N_q; CIE_q; FLAV_q; Infra_red_q; UVB_UVA; UVB_PAR; UVA_PAR; R_FR_Sellaro; R_FR_Smith10; R_FR_Smith20; B_G; B_R; PhyEqi.</p> <p><strong>ScreensNets_spectral_integrals.xlsx</strong></p> <p>This files contains the same data as ScreensNets_spectral_integrals.txt and shows on individual worksheets, processing of original, smoothed (in Photobiology package to improve the signal to noise in the UV-B tail of the spectr), and corrected (with values of transmittance greater than 1.0 or less than 0.0 replaced in the UV-B tail) data; and comparisons of the Original vs. Corrected, and Original vs. Smoothed data. The same BSWF calculations for the example open spectrum open29_irrad (used for standardisation) are given on their own worksheet, as is the corresponding “FilterFactor” (proportion spectral transmittance) for each spectral integral and spectral photon ratio. The final worksheet “Type” lists the filters and their expected function (i.e. shade, pest net, hale net, ground cover etc.).</p> <p>This “FilterFactor” information could be of practical use in situations where the spectral irradiance is unavailable for a given location, and comparisons among filters need to be made from only partial data (e.g. PAR PPDF). These FilterFactors can be applied to the PAR PPDF for instance to calculate the daily light integral through the day for horticultural proposes. Please note that differences in the shape of the solar spectrum at different locations will cause (small) deviations in the transmitted PAR PPFD calculated from the spectral integral compared with the more precise calculation from the spectral irradiance. Although for the purposes of comparison between filters these are likely to be of minor importance. </p> <p><strong>Plotting_DataBaseScreensNets.r</strong></p> <p>This file gives the R code for plotting the graphs in DataBaseScreensNets.zip from the source file ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt. Make sure that the required packages are loaded. The code was run in R version 3.4.3.</p> <p><strong>Calculating_Spectral_Integrals.r</strong></p> <p>The file gives the R code to calculate spectral integrals and to include an open measurement for standardisation (Open29_irrad) from the source file ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt (as described above). The spectra in ScreensNets_irrad_trans.txt are converted to source.spct for use in the Photobiology packages.</p> <p><strong>Spectral_Integrals_Function.r</strong></p> <p>The file is a function requiring the Photobiology packages in R to run. It is needed to calculate the spectral integrals described above and can be amended to obtain whichever spectral integrals and photon ratios from the Photobiology packages are desired.</p>
GUV total ozone column and effective cloud transmittance from three Norwegian sites 1995-2019
<p>Total ozone column (TOC) and effective cloud transmittance (eCLT) from GUV-511 in Oslo (Norway), GUV-541 from Andøya/Tromsø (Norway), and GUV-541 from Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard, Norway).</p> <p>Responsible institute: NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research<br> Collaborative institute: Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, DSA</p> <p>Method described in: Dahlback, A. (1996), Measurements of biologically effective UV doses, total ozone abundances, and cloud effects with multichannel, moderate bandwidth filter instruments, Appl. Opt. 35, 6514–6521</p> <p>1h average noon-time values, based on data with 1-minute time resolution.</p> <p>TOC retrievals from 305/320 nm channel ratio<br> eCLT retrievals from 340 nm channel </p> <p>Calibrations based on the FARIN2005-campaign and annual site visits with a travelling reference GUV instrument from DSA (https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2007JD009731)</p> <p>Funding: NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Norwegian Environment Agency, Norwegian Ministry of health and Care Services</p>
Madrid Grid Area Buildings + Reachable Endpoints for Given RF Transmitter Location and Parameters, with and without RISs Installation.
<p>1- The obstacles_save folder contains arrays defining the vertices locations (x,y) of buildings in the considered area in Madrid Grid.</p> <p>A transmitter is placed at the center of a square at location [600, 900]. Possible receiver (or relay trasnceivers) locations are defined as the vertices (i.e., corners) of buildings (from previous list). The goal of the simulation is to find how many hops are needed to reach, if possible, each location from the previously mentioned list of vertices, assuming a maximum allowed path loss value of 90 dB between any two consecutive hops. </p> <p>2- The arrays in no_ris specify the vertices reachable within N sucessive hops, when no RIS is installed in the area.</p> <p>3- Similarly, the arrays in double_ris give the coordinates of vertices reachable with N hops when a two RISs are installed in the middle square(as shown in related paper).</p> <p>The RIS beamforming gain is 20 dB (in Table 1 in the paper the gain should be 20 not 15 dB).</p>
DPS Transmitter integrated in COW QKD system
<p>This dataset comprises characterization measurements from the DPS Transmitter used as an integrated QKD transmitter in the UNIQORN Project. The files include initial characterization data of the chip including SOA laser performance, stability, laser spectrum, wavelength tuning, RF response and initial visibility for the QKD application. The performance of the transmitter in a COW QKD system was also investigated.</p>
Model Weights for "Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting"
<p>Model weights for use with the SatIQ fingerprinting models used in the paper “Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting”. The models are used to authenticate Iridium satellites from high sample rate message headers.</p> <p>The data collection and model code can be found at the following URL: <a href="https://github.com/ssloxford/SatIQ">https://github.com/ssloxford/SatIQ</a></p> <p>The preprint is available on arXiv at the following URL: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06947">https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06947</a></p> <p>The final trained model is <code>ae-triplet-final.h5</code>. The others are from the additional experiments and analyses described in the paper, and are included for completeness.</p> <p>When using this data, please cite the following paper: “Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting”. The BibTeX entry is given below:</p> <pre><code>@inproceedings{smailesWatch2023, author = {Smailes, Joshua and K{\"o}hler, Sebastian and Birnbach, Simon and Strohmeier, Martin and Martinovic, Ivan}, title = {{Watch This Space}: {Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting}}, year = {2023}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security}, location = {Copenhagen, Denmark}, series = {CCS '23} }</code></pre> <p> </p>
datasets for "VLF Transmitters and Lightning Generated Whistlers 2: Diffusion of Radiation Belt Electrons"
<p>Supporting information for "VLF Transmitters and Lightning Generated Whistlers 2: Diffusion of Radiation Belt Electrons," submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics. Diffusion coefficients for selected values of L and energy due to Very Low Frequency (VLF) transmitters and lightning generated whistlers (LGW), as well as Da0a0 and energy drag rates |dE/dt|/E from Coulomb collisions. Also provided are precipitation lifetimes, which include Da0a0 from plasmaspheric hiss but do not account for energy drag. Calculations are presented for high and low-density plasmasphere models, for all four combinations of ducted or nonducted VLF and LGW waves.</p>
Argos Platform Transmitter Terminal data for 3 Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) during breeding season in Fildes Peninsula.
<p>Argos Platform Transmitter Terminal raw data for 3 Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) during breeding season in Fildes Peninsula, more specifically in the Islet known as Diomedea or Albatross Islet. All location classes are included. Locations are in EPSG 4326 (WGS 84). All animals had an active nest during data collection.</p> <p> </p> <p>Data generates with funding from INACH Programa Areas Marinhas Protegidas (24 04 052) and Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, Instituto Milénio Base ICN2021_002</p>
DS1. Simulation transmission studies of assessing transmission performance of VCSEL-based transmitters across various temperatures and fiber lengths_SPRINTER_v1.0
<p>The dataset consists of simulated waveforms and eye diagrams captured at both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) ends, aiming to assess transmission performance across various operational temperatures of the VCSEL-based Tx (25, 55, and 85 °C). For each temperature, two scenarios of RF electrical inputs were examined, corresponding to peak-to-peak voltages of 0.4 and 0.8 V for 50 GBaud OOK-NRZ signals. Following this, the transmission performance was examined across fiber lengths of 500 m and 1 km for both RF cases, as well as in the scenario where the Tx-end was directly connected to the Rx-end (Back-to-back, B2B). The data collection focused on capturing simulated data at four critical stages of the transmission: a) during the generation of the RF 50 GBaud OOK-NRZ signals, b) at the VCSEL output, c) at the photodiode (PD) input, and d) during the reception of the electrical signal at the Rx-end. The operational temperature factor was also considered when applying the transfer function in the VCSEL component of the Tx. The devices that impose the bandwidth limitations and are investigated in these simulations, were: the laser driver, VCSEL (also affected by operational temperature and RF input voltage swing), PD, and transimpedance amplifier (TIA). </p>
New advance in land controlled-source audio-frenquency magnetotellurics exploration: measurement at a shortened transmitter-receiver offset and three-dimensional inversion
<p><span>Ambient noise significantly affects the quality of land controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) data. Shortening the transmitter–receiver offset can enhance the raw data signal-to-noise ratios (S/N). However, most of CSAMT explorations still collect field data using a large separation. To enhance the S/N of the raw electric and magnetic field and the corresponding Cagniard apparent resistivity, we propose shortening offset to 2–4 km during CSAMT fieldwork and inverting apparent resistivity rather than only electric field. We tested this approach with three experimental models with varying offsets, simulating 3D responses. Result showed that longer offsets predominantly produce data anomalies in the far-field zone, whereas shorter offsets shift these anomalies toward the transition zone with some in the far-field or near-field zones. Shortened-offset responses exhibit stronger electric and magnetic fields. Synthetic datasets with different noise levels were generated for inversion analysis. The results indicate that shortening the offset, particularly in noisy environments, improves data S/N. Inversion results reveal that a shortened CSAMT transmitter–receiver offset allows for data collection with most anomalies in the transition-field zone, facilitating accurate prediction of the true model in the 3D inversion. In low-noise environments, inversion results from data with a shortened offset are comparable to those with a long offset. However, in high-noise environments, the shortened-offset approach yields more accurate results due to improved data S/N. Field data inversion from Yanqing, China, further confirms the effectiveness of our scheme. The shortened-offset approach achieves higher S/N datasets and inversion results that align with actual geological structures.</span></p> <p> </p>
Dataset for: Laser absorption spectroscopy measurements of different pulmonary oxygen gas concentrations in transmittance and remittance geometry – phantom study
<p><strong>Significance</strong></p> <p>GASMAS technique has the potential for continuous, clinical monitoring of pre-term infant lung function, removing the need to X-ray diagnosis and reliance on indirect and relatively slow measurement of blood oxygenation.</p> <p><strong>Aim</strong></p> <p>To determine optimal source-detector configuration for reliable path lengths calculation and to estimate the oxygen gas concentration inside the lung cavities filled with humidified gas with four different oxygen gas concentrations ranging between 21% and 100%.</p> <p><strong>Approach</strong></p> <p>Anthropomorphic optical phantoms of neonatal thorax with two different geometries were used to acquire Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy (GASMAS) signals, for 30 source-detector configurations in transmittance and remittance geometry of phantoms in two sizes.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>The results show that an internal light administration is more likely to provide a high GASMAS signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In general, better SNRs were obtained with the smaller set of phantoms. The values of path length and O<sub>2</sub> concentrations calculated with signals from the phantoms with optical properties at 820 nm, exhibit higher variations than signals from the phantoms with optical properties at 764 nm.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p>The study shows that by moving the source and detector over the thorax, most of the lung volumes can potentially be assessed using GASMAS technique.</p>
Dataset for "Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting"
<p>Labelled dataset of Iridium “ring alert” downlink messages, including message headers captured at 25MS/s. Message metadata includes satellite and transmitter identifier, satellite position, timestamp, and estimated noise level. The dataset contains 1706556 messages.</p> <p>The dataset has been split into numpy files for each column, and further split into segments of 10000 entries each, with the format <code>{column}_{segment}.npy</code>.</p> <p>This data was originally collected for the paper “Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting”, and was used to authenticate Iridium satellites from high sample rate message headers.</p> <p>The data collection and model code can be found at the following URL: <a href="https://github.com/ssloxford/SatIQ">https://github.com/ssloxford/SatIQ</a></p> <p>The preprint is available on arXiv at the following URL: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06947">https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.06947</a></p> <p>When using this dataset, please cite the following paper: “Watch This Space: Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting”. The BibTeX entry is given below:</p> <pre><code>@inproceedings{smailesWatch2023, author = {Smailes, Joshua and K{\"o}hler, Sebastian and Birnbach, Simon and Strohmeier, Martin and Martinovic, Ivan}, title = {{Watch This Space}: {Securing Satellite Communication through Resilient Transmitter Fingerprinting}}, year = {2023}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security}, location = {Copenhagen, Denmark}, series = {CCS '23} }</code></pre> <p> </p>
Data from: Innovative microphone transmitter reveals differences in acoustic structure between broadcast and whisper songs of Myadestes obscurus (ʻŌmaʻo)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for "Direct evidence reveals transmitter signal propagation in the magnetosphere"
<p>The data and codes for figures in "Direct evidence reveals transmitter signal propagation in the magnetosphere"</p>
Supporting data for assessing impacts of satellite GPS transmitters on survival, nesting propensity, and nest success of greater sage-grouse
<p>Telemetry technology and data are commonly used to study behavior and demography of wildlife. Satellite-based, global positioning system (GPS) telemetry allows researchers to remotely collect a high volume of fine-resolution animal location data but may also come with hidden costs. For example, recent studies suggested GPS transmitters attached via backpacks may reduce survival of greater sage-grouse (<em>Centrocercus urophasianus</em>) relative to very high frequency (VHF) telemetry transmitters attached via collars. While some evidence suggests GPS backpacks can reduce survival, no studies examined their effects on sage-grouse breeding behavior and success. We compared survival, breeding behavior, and nest success for sage-grouse hens marked with either VHF collars or GPS backpack transmitters in central Idaho, USA. GPS backpacks reduced spring-summer survival relative to VHF collars, yet GPS backpacks did not consistently affect nest success or the likelihood or timing of nest initiation relative to VHF collars. Daily nest survival varied annually and with timing of nest initiation and nest age, but marginal effects of transmitter type were statistically insignificant, and interactions between transmitter type and study year were inconsistent. These results demonstrate the effect of GPS backpacks on sage-grouse survival but also suggest GPS backpacks do not appear to affect components of fecundity. </p>
Using VLF Transmitter Signals at LEO for Plasmasphere Model Validation
<p><strong>VPM_survey_data_2020-03-12.xml </strong>survey electric field data collected between 2020-03-12 00:13:35UT and 2020-03-12 23:59:15 UT</p> <p><strong>vpm_map.cdf.zip</strong> processed VPM survey mode data containing longitude, latitude and power spectral density across the entire mission</p> <p> </p><p> </p> <p></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
To what extent do sea ice algae affect the transmittance of PAR to the ice-ocean interface?
<p><strong>The manuscript has been accepted for publication 28/5/24. THIS IS THE UPDATED VERSION.</strong></p> <p>Data used in the study presented by BHRR and MDK.</p> <p>For the <strong>PAR profile </strong>data (e.g., Sum_150.dat), the number refers to the column-integrated concentration mg chl-a m2. </p> <p>The columns in the files are as follows, e.g.:</p> <p><strong>1 2 3 4 5 6 7</strong></p> <p> 4 BEN-PAR1, 400-700 nm 60.000 201, 9.000E+01, 1.209E+03</p> <p> ...</p> <p> 4 BEN-PAR1, 400-700 nm 60.000 1, 0.000E+00, 3.445E+01</p> <p><strong>1 = # of layers; 2 = name; 3 = PAR wavelength range; 4 = solar zenith angle; 5 = level number; 6 = altitude (km); PAR µmol m2 s-1.</strong></p> <p>The PAR depth profile files display how the PAR decreases as it descends through the snow and sea ice layers. The snow surface is at level 138, and the sea ice surface is at level 118.</p> <p>The <strong>relative PAR </strong>data (e.g., Spr_0.2RP.dat) display the relative PAR value from the base of the ice relative to the snow surface (level 1/level 138) for the different sea ice and snow thicknesses. The number refers to the column-integrated concentration mg chl-a m2. </p> <p><strong>Fig2_DATA</strong>: Wint/Spr/Sum refer to the seasonal scenario, and 0.2-500 refers to column-integrated concentration mg chl-a m2.</p> <p><strong>Fig3_DATA</strong>: Wint/Spr/Sum refer to the seasonal scenario, and _0 and _20 folder names refer to the column-integrated concentration mg chl-a m2. The individual files (e.g., 50_20_ice) refer to the ice thickness cm_snow thickness cm_ fixedice or snow thickness).</p> <p>All data used in Fig. 3 and the variance analysis from Section 3.1 is presented in SnowIceVariance.xlsx</p> <p><strong>Fig4_DATA</strong>: 0-8cm refer to the thickness of the basal algae layer. 2cm_2cm and 2cm_4cm refer to the basal+middle algae layers.</p> <p><strong>FigS1 and FigS2: </strong>additional supplementary figures, similar to Fig2_DATA, of algal concentration (0-10 mg) and bare sea ice under clear-sky and cloudy conditions.</p>
Transmittance hyperspectral images of microalgae on well plates
<p>Images are stored in folders whose name indicate the imaging date as yyyy_mm_dd. These folders contain folders with an ID given by the imager (SpecimIQ, Specim, Finland). Inside these are the white and dark references and raw radiance images (folder: capture), transmittance images (REFLECTANCE, in file names, but transmittance in practice due to the imaging in transmission light) calculated by the SpecimIQ (folder: results) and information about the images (metadata.txt). Each rolling ID-folder contain also an RGB image of the target in png format.</p>
Dataset for "The VLF Transmitter, Narrowband Receiver, and Tuner Investigation on the DSX Spacecraft" manuscript
<p>Dataset for "The VLF Transmitter, Narrowband Receiver, and Tuner Investigation on the DSX Spacecraft" publication submitted to JGR Space Physics</p>
Near-infrared spectra dataset of milk composition in transmittance mode
<p><strong><em>Near-infrared spectra dataset of milk composition in transmittance mode</em></strong><strong> </strong></p>
Evaluating the efficacy of using GPS satellite transmitters to assess movement of bigheaded carp in a riverine system
<p>We have evaluated the feasibility of using GPS satellite transmitters on invasive bigheaded carp species, silver carp, and bighead carp, that could determine patterns of movement, identify potential feeding and spawning areas, and inform a comprehensive monitoring and commercial removal program in the Illinois River Waterway system in the United States. Despite a wealth of information on bigheaded carp movement from acoustic and radio telemetry, a finer-scale approach to understanding habitat use and daily surfacing trends in movement would strengthen management efforts.</p> <p>Custom Fastloc™-GPS data-logging transmitters (with radio telemetry capability) manufactured by Sirtrack™ were tethered to adult bigheaded carp in field experiments. </p> <p>Sixteen field-deployed transmitters were recovered and yielded 490 individual GPS waypoints when transmitters were attached to fish. We observed movement rates within the Dresden Island Reach of the Illinois River Waterway of approximately 16 river km, and movement in and out of backwater habitats, and the warm-water discharge of a nuclear generating station.</p> <p>We have demonstrated the use of this technology to monitor bigheaded carp and will use the information gained from this study to inform future work with remotely accessed, real-time, Argos satellite-linked prototypes. Fine-scale accuracies, fast acquisition speeds, and the ability to gather real-time data make this a promising tool and is one of the first uses of GPS technology to track fish movement in a riverine system. Continued exploration to improve tag retention efficiency will enhance its utility for continued invasive carp management. </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.