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FIGURES 27 – 31 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURES 27 – 31. Eukoenenia cavatica sp. n. 27, basitarsi 3 – 4 of leg I; 28, basitarsus IV; 29, opisthosoma, ventral view; 30, first flagellar segment; 31, second and third lobes of male genitalia. Scale bars: 40 µm (Fig. 31), 100 µm (Fig. 28), 150 µm (Figs 27, 30), 500 µm (Fig. 29).

FIGURES 19 – 26 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURES 19 – 26. Eukoenenia cavatica sp. n. 19, lateral organ, dorsal view; 20, deuto-tritosternal setae; 21, propeltidial chaetotaxy; 22, chelicera; 23, coxa I; 24, coxa II; 25, coxa III; 26, coxa IV Arrows in Figs 24 – 26 indicate thick setae. Scale bars: 20 µm (Figs 19 – 20), 80 µm (Figs 24 – 25), 100 µm (Figs 23, 26), 150 µm (Fig. 22), 250 µm (Fig. 21).

FIGURES 14 – 17 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURES 14 – 17. Eukoenenia jequitinhonha sp. n. 14, first lobe of female genitalia; 15, second lobe of female genitalia; 16, first and second genital lobes overlapped, showing the setae of the first lobe and the cuticular spines and the sclerotized parts of the spermatheca on the second lobe (delimited by the elliptical dashed lines); 17, second genital lobe, with the spermatheca indicated by the elliptical dashed line and the glandular pores indicated by the arrows. Scale bars: 50 µm (Figs 16 – 17), 60 µm (Fig. 15), 100 µm (Fig. 14).

FIGURES 10 – 13 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURES 10 – 13. Eukoenenia jequitinhonha sp. n. 10, basitarsi 3 – 4 of leg I; 11, basitarsus IV; 12, opisthosoma, dorsal view; 13, opisthosoma, ventral view. Scale bars: 100 µm (Figs 10 – 11), 500 µm (Figs 12 – 13).

FIGURES 2 – 8 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURES 2 – 8. Eukoenenia jequitinhonha sp. n. 2, lateral organ, dorsal view; 3, propeltidial chaetotaxy; 4, deuto-tritosternal setae; 5, coxa I; 6, coxa II; 7, coxa III; 8, coxa IV. Arrows in Figs 6 – 8 indicate thick setae. Scale bars: 20 µm (Fig. 2), 40 µm (Fig. 4), 100 µm (Figs 5 – 8), 250 µm (Fig. 3).

FIGURE 9. Tarsus 3 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 9. Tarsus 3 of leg 1 of the new species showing the modified setae (rs = rod seta, fs = forked seta, m = macroseta). A, Eukoenenia jequitinhonha sp. n.; B, Eukoenenia cavatica sp. n. Scale bars: 50 µm.

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FIGURE 1 in Two new troglobiotic palpigrades (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) from Brazil

FIGURE 1. Eukoenenia jequitinhonha sp. n. Frontal organ, dorsal view. Scale bar 20 µm.

FIGURE 17 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURE 17. Pseudosinella paclti: 17a, Abd.IV segment complete setal pattern, b—Abd.IV schematic setal pattern, symbols as in Fig. 9. Scale bar: 200 μm (Fig. 17a, b).

FIGURES 18–21 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURES 18–21. Pseudosinella paclti: 18, trochanter of leg III, internal side; 19, unguis of leg II, internal side; 20, unguis of leg II, external side; 21, unguis of leg II, view from below. Scale bars: 50 μm (Fig. 18), 30 μm Figs (19–21).

FIGURES 14–16 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURES 14–16. Pseudosinella paclti: 14, Abd.II and III segments, dorsally, left side; 15, Abd.IV segment dorsally, setal pattern around anterior trichobothria, right side; 16, apical part of manubrium, ventral side. Scale bars:—100 μm (Figs 14–15), 40 μm (Fig. 16).

FIGURES 10–13 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURES 10–13. Pseudosinella paclti: 10, head, dorsal side; 11, labial triangle setae and labial palps, lateral side; 12, Ant.I segment, ventral side (empty circles: serrated meso- and macrosetae); 13, apical part of Ant.III segment, ventral side (empty circles: serrated meso- and macrosetae). Scale bars: 200 μm (Fig. 10), 50 μm (Figs 11–13).

FIGURE 9 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURE 9. Pseudosinella aggtelekiensis: 9a, Abd.IV segment complete setal pattern; b,—Abd.IV schematic setal pattern. Black circles: large—broad ciliated macrosetae with blunt apex, medium—ciliated macrosetae with sharp apex, small––ciliated meso-/microsetae; white circles—finely ciliated thin mesosetae; #—pseudoporus; x—trichobothrium; ^––supplementary microsetae with blunt apex; as, ps––smooth mesosetae. Scale bar: 200 μm (Fig. 9a,b).

FIGURES 1–4 in Redescription of two troglobiotic species of the genus Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 (Collembola, Entomobryidae) from the Western Carpathians

FIGURES 1–4. Pseudosinella aggtelekiensis: 1, head, dorsal side (setae of p-row not drawn); 2, labial triangle setae and labial palps, lateral side; 3, Ant.I segment, ventral side (empty circles: serrated meso- and macrosetae), a—conical microseta (cm), enlarged; 4, apical part of Ant.III segment, ventral side (empty circles: serrated meso- and macrosetae). Scale bars:: 200 μm (Fig. 1), 50 μm (Figs 2–4).

FIGURE 10. P. saguassu n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 10. P. saguassu n. sp., holotype male (ISLA 2266), stereoscope images and schematic drawings. A) Gonopod; B) Schematic drawing of the gonopod. Abbreviations: Bs = basal segment; Ds = distal segment; B = basiconic bistles; Ib = internal branch; S = solenomere; Sp = spine; Sg = seminal groove. Scale bars: 500 µm.

FIGURE 6. P. ambuatinga n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 6. P. ambuatinga n. sp., paratype male (ISLA 2272), SEM of the gonopod. A) Gonopod; B) Detail of distal segment of the telopodite; C) Detail of the solenomere; D) Basiconics bristles. Abbreviations: Cx = coxae; B = basiconic bistles; Bs = basal segment; Ds = distal segment; Sg = seminal groove; Ib = internal branch; S = solenomere; Sp = spine. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B = 20 µm; C = 10 µm; D = 10 µm.

FIGURE 9. P. saguassu n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 9. P. saguassu n. sp., holotype male (ISLA 2266), stereoscope images. A) First pair of legs; B) Details of the oral process. Abbreviations: Cx = coxae; P = process; Pf = pre-femur; F = femur.

FIGURE 5. P. ambuatinga n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 5. P. ambuatinga n. sp., paratype male (ISLA 2272), SEM of the first pair of legs. A) First pair of legs; B) Detail of process on the pre-femur; C) Detail of the left leg; D) Detail of tarsus and claw. Abbreviations: St = sternum; Cx = coxae; P = process; Pf = pre-femur; F = femur; Psf = post-femur; Tb = tibia; T = tarsus; Tc = tarsal claw. Scale bars: A = 200 µm; B = 20 µm; C = 100 µm; D = 100 µm.

FIGURE 4. P. ambuatinga n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 4. P. ambuatinga n. sp., paratype female (ISLA 2268) and paratype male (ISLA 2272), SEM, gnatochilarium view. A) Female; B) Male. Abbreviations: Gu = gula; St = stipes; Me = mentum; Pme = pro-mentum; Ll = laminae linguaies; L = labrum; Lt = labrum teeth; Op = outer palpus; Ip = inner palpus. Scales bars: 200 µm.

FIGURE 2. P. ambuatinga n in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 2. P. ambuatinga n. sp., paratype female (ISLA 2269), stereoscope images. Detail of anterior region;

FIGURE 1 in Two new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 from Brazilian limestone caves (Spirostreptida: Pseudonannolenidae): synotopy of a troglophilic and a troglobiotic species

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of P. ambuatinga n. sp. and P. saguassu n. sp. A) Map of Brazil and Minas Gerais state, indicating the location of the Pains municipality; B) Map of the Gruta do Éden. The arrows show the cave entrances (blue arrow—natural entrance; red arrow—artificial entrance, opened by mining activities). The blue star indicates the area where P. saguassu was found and the yellow area shows the population distribution of P. ambuatinga inside the cave; C) Artificial entrance of the Gruta do Éden (red arrow); D) Upper conduits of the cave; E) Stream conduit, in which the population of P. ambuatinga lives; F) P. ambuatinga n. sp. found walking under the water; G) P. ambuatinga n. sp. on a rock.