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162 results for “urea”
Data of uranyl-, Nd-, Ce-hydrolysis and their mixtures induced by thermal decomposition of urea
<p>The hydrolysis of UO<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup>, Nd<sup>III</sup> , Ce<sup>III</sup> and Ce<sup>IV</sup> cations, induced by thermal decomposition of urea, was studied. Moreover, we investigated binary mixtures of uranyl and the lanthanides, as well as ternary mixtures of uranyl and both lanthanides using Ce<sup>III</sup> or Ce<sup>IV</sup>. The impact of the urea content and the temperature on the reaction kinetics and the formed precipitate was evaluated and the results are in depth discussed in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.202100453">our article</a>, some results are also summarised in <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5034714">this presentation</a>.</p> <p>Uranyl ions precipitated as ammonium diuranate (ADU) with different stoichiometry under the applied conditions. Nd<sup>III</sup> and Ce<sup>III</sup> cations showed a comparable pH evolution during hydrolysis and <em>Ln</em>CO<sub>3</sub>OH products were identified, whereas Ce<sup>IV</sup> hydrolysed at a lower pH and formed nanocrystalline CeO<sub>2</sub>. Depending on the urea content, a partial co-precipitation was observed for mixtures of UO<sub>2</sub><sup>2+</sup> and Nd<sup>III</sup>. The products of Ce<sup>III</sup> and Ce<sup>IV</sup> hydrolysis were also identified in the precipitates of binary uranyl and cerium mixtures. For ternary U/Nd/Ce mixtures, a simultaneous precipitation of Nd<sup>III</sup> and Ce<sup>III</sup> and a partial incorporation of the <em>Ln</em> phase into the ADU phase was observed, whereas the presence of Ce<sup>IV</sup>/CeO<sub>2</sub> resulted in three individual phases. The precipitation reaction was followed by monitoring the pH evolution and the metal concentration in the supernatant, applying UV/Vis and ICP-MS. The formed precipitates were characterised by XRD and SEM.</p> <p>The data accrued during the study are part of this data set. Please note that the provision of this dataset is based on a voluntary basis. You are welcome to use the data from this set in your work. If you do so and publish resulting findings, please cite our work as required by the license.</p>
Urea Transporter B (UT-B; SLC14A1); A Target Enabling Package
<p>UT-B is a member of urea transporter family, which consists of two members (UT-A and UT-B). UT-B is primarily a urea channel transporting urea molecules across plasma membrane by concentration gradient. While UT-B is widely expressed, it is particularly important in red blood cells (RBCs). UT-B is associated with improved response to hydroxyurea treatment in sickle cell diseases due to its transport of hydroxyurea into RBCs, and it is the primary antigen for Kidd (Jk) blood group as well as an accessory protein for ABO blood group. UT-B is responsible for urea transport in the vasa recta of kidney, with secondary effect on controlling the urine volume. This makes UT-B a potential target for the development of a new class of diuretics. This TEP presents the structure of UT-B in apo and inhibitor-bound states, determined by crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy, respectively. We have also confirmed the binding of an inhibitor molecule to UT-B <em>in vitro</em> using a biophysical assay. These enable the molecular characterisation of UT-B as an important blood antigen and will also aid further improvement of the inhibitors as a novel therapy for diuretics and potentially neurodegenerative disorders.</p>
SBC LTER: OCEAN: Sediment porewater ammonium and urea concentrations
This data set present the results of efforts to characterize the concentrations of ammonium and (selectively) urea in pore waters of permeable, sandy sediments on the inner continental shelf of the Santa Barbara Channel, including those adjacent to major kelp beds. Samples sites included Arroyo Burro, Mission Creek, Refugio and Mohawk. A second data file include depth profiles of ammonium and urea concentrations in the water column above each sediment sampling site, which were used to discern the strength of the vertical gradients of ammonium and urea concentrations between the surficial sediments and the water column.
Smartcow EU project database on feed efficiency in beef cattle and analysis of natural 15N abundance and plasma urea concentration
<p>This is a database built in the frame of the Smartcow H2020 Eu project (N°730924) and gathering individual raw data for animal performances obtained in thirteen beef cattle trials conducted in France, UK and Switzerland as well as animal values for two biomakers of feed efficiency : the natural 15N abundance in animal proteins (plasma or muscle) and plasma urea concentration. </p>
Thiourea and urea in water drops and in the active site of TcDH
<p>Thiourea and urea in water drops and in the active site of TcDH.</p> <p>Equilibrium geometry configurations obtained at the QM(PBE0/6-31G**)/MM(AMBER) level of theory.</p> <p>Coordinates of QM subsystems have "qm" in names of PDB files.</p>
You really wanna know about the urea cycle?
<p>Infographic showing the urea cycle and associated reactions.</p>
Synthesis of urea on the surface of interstellar water ice clusters.
<p>The Supporting Material contains the cartesian coordinates of B3LYP-D3(BJ)/ma-def2-TZVP optimized minima and transition state for the reaction studied in the paper, in .xyz format, computed using <a href="https://gaussian.com/">O</a><a href="https://orcaforum.kofo.mpg.de/">RCA</a> code. The folders are relative to:</p> <ul> <li>gas phase reactions;</li> <li>reactions modelled on the 18 water molecules cluster: <ul> <li>closed-shell + closed-shell;</li> <li>closed-shell + radical;</li> <li>radical + radical (2 outcomes);</li> <li>ion-pair formation (2 pathways);</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Datasheet of Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Toxicity Evaluation of 1,3-bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation is a normal protective response caused by an injury or tissue damage, through physical trauma, damaging chemicals, or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. One of the modified <em>p</em>-aminophenol compounds is 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea, which was estimated to have more potent analgesic activity and fewer hepatotoxic side effects than paracetamol. When the lipophilicity of this compound increases between 1.8 to 4.4, it is observed to serve as an anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the determination of safety precaution is very necessary while testing for the toxicity effect of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea. This is due to the effectiveness and safety of suitable drugs.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anti-inflammatory test was carried out by measuring the percentage of inflammation in rats, after the administration of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea was previously induced by the carrageenan solution intraplantar and the analysis of neutrophil values through a plethysmometer and Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Also, an acute toxicity test was performed by administering this p-aminophenol compound to female rats for 24 h and observed for 14 days. In addition, a subchronic toxicity test was conducted on male and female rats for 28 days, with continuous observations carried out for 42 days.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The doses of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea at 50, 100, and 200 mg/Kg BW, had anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium at 2.25 mg/Kg BW. Also, there is no toxicity and animal death symptoms were observed in the acute and subchronic tests.</p> <p><strong>Conlclusion: </strong>This 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea compound had an anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low toxicity.</p>
Datasheet of Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Toxicity Evaluation of 1,3 bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation is a normal protective response caused by an injury or tissue damage, through physical trauma, damaging chemicals, or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. One of the modified p-aminophenol compounds is 1,3 bis (p-Hydroxyphenyl) urea, which was estimated to have more potent analgesic activity and fewer hepatotoxic side effects than paracetamol. When the lipophilicity of this compound increases between 1.8 to 4.4, it is observed to serve as an an- ti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the determination of safety precaution is very necessary while testing for the toxicity effect of 1,3 bis (p-Hydroxyphenyl) urea. This is due to the effectiveness and safety of suitable drugs.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anti-inflammatory test was carried out by measuring the per-centage of inflammation in rats, after the administration of 1,3 bis (p-Hydroxyphenyl) urea was previously induced by the carrageenan solution intraplantar and the analy- sis of neutrophil values through a plethysmometer and Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Also, an acute toxicity test was performed by administering this p-aminophenol com- pound to female rats for 24 h and observed for 14 days. In addition, a subchronic toxicity test was conducted on male and female rats for 28 days, with continuous observations carried out for 42 days.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong>The doses of 1,3 bis (p-Hydroxyphenyl) urea at 50, 100, and 200 mg/Kg BW, had anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium at 2.25 mg/Kg BW. Also, there is no toxicity and animal death symp-toms were observed in the acute and subchronic tests.</p> <p><strong>Conlclusion:</strong>This p-aminophenol compound had an anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low toxicity.</p>
Author list of Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Toxicity Evaluation of 1,3-bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation is a normal protective response caused by an injury or tissue damage, through physical trauma, damaging chemicals, or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. One of the modified <em>p</em>-aminophenol compounds is 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea, which was estimated to have more potent analgesic activity and fewer hepatotoxic side effects than paracetamol. When the lipophilicity of this compound increases between 1.8 to 4.4, it is observed to serve as an anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the determination of safety precaution is very necessary while testing for the toxicity effect of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea. This is due to the effectiveness and safety of suitable drugs.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anti-inflammatory test was carried out by measuring the percentage of inflammation in rats, after the administration of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea was previously induced by the carrageenan solution intraplantar and the analysis of neutrophil values through a plethysmometer and Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Also, an acute toxicity test was performed by administering this p-aminophenol compound to female rats for 24 h and observed for 14 days. In addition, a subchronic toxicity test was conducted on male and female rats for 28 days, with continuous observations carried out for 42 days.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The doses of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea at 50, 100, and 200 mg/Kg BW, had anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium at 2.25 mg/Kg BW. Also, there is no toxicity and animal death symptoms were observed in the acute and subchronic tests.</p> <p><strong>Conlclusion: </strong>This 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea compound had an anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low toxicity.</p>
Raw data set for Negative Emissions in the Chemical Sector: Lifecycle CO2 Accounting for Biomass and CCS Integration into Ethanol, Ammonia, Urea, and Hydrogen Production.
<p>This repository contains the raw data and code used to generate the results in the paper:</p> <p>Tanzer S.E., Blok K., Ramirez Ramirez A. Negative Emissions in the Chemical Sector: Lifecycle CO2 Accounting for Biomass and CCS Integration into Ethanol, Ammonia, Urea, and Hydrogen Production. 15th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, GHGT-15. 2021. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3819778.</p> <p>also published as chapter 4 in the PhD dissertation ”Negative Emissions in the Industrial Sector”. The PhD was the department of Engineering Systems and Services, Faculty of Technology Policy, Management at the Delft University of Technology, between 2017-2022. </p> <p>This is intended to be a record of the exact data and code used to generate the results and graphics used in this publication. It is not necessarily designed for user-friendliness or tested to work on other machines and may contain extraneous data and files.</p> <p>To make use of the python black box modelling library for your own work, please check out the most recent public release, which can be found at https://zenodo.org/record/5800104#.YjUTnC8w30o</p>
Impact of urea fertilization rates on nitrogen dynamics, productivity, and profitability from Ugandan sugarcane plantations
<p>All the datasets contained in the zipped file have all the different variables written out in full with the appropriate units defined in brackets [].</p>
The dataset of Teratogenic Effect of 1.3 bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p>The dataset of Teratogenic Effect of 1.3 bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea</p>
Dataset of paper "Hydrogen production from urea in human urine using segregated systems"
<p>Dataset of paper "Hydrogen production from urea in human urine using segregated systems"</p> <ul> <li>Fig. 2. Isotherm experimental data for adsorption of urea onto activated carbon at different temperatures.</li> <li>Table 2. Langmuir and Freundlich Equations fitting parameters for the isotherms of adsorption of urea on activated carbon.</li> <li>Fig. 3. Kinetic study of the adsorption of urea onto activated carbon.</li> <li>Table 1. Comparison of adsorption capacity of urea onto studied activated carbon with literature carbon-based materials.</li> <li>Fig. 4. A: Outlet gases concentration as a function of temperature during the thermal treatment of urea adsorbed on activated carbon. B: Carbon dioxide concentration as a function of temperature during thermal treatment of fresh and saturated activated carbon.</li> <li>Fig. 5. Adsorption capacity of urea with regenerated carbon after five consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles</li> <li>Fig. 6. Hydrogen and ammonia production from thermal treatment and catalytic treatment of urea adsorbed on activated carbon</li> <li>Table 3. Efficiencies assumed for the preliminary energy balance calculation of the designed process.</li> <li>Fig. 7. Distribution of energy requirements to produce hydrogen from urea present in human urine.</li> <li>Fig. 8. Summary of the energy analysis for the installation of the process in the city of Lleida, Spain.</li> <li>Fig. 9. Sensitivity analysis of the effect of urea adsorption capacity and ammonia decomposition temperature on the net energy production of the designed process.</li> <li>Table 4. Energy balance summary.</li> </ul>
Early onset of urea synthesis and ammonia detoxification pathways in three terrestrially developing frogs
<p>Frogs evolved terrestrial development multiple times, necessitating mechanisms to avoid ammonia toxicity at early stages. Urea synthesis from ammonia is a key adaptation that reduces water dependence after metamorphosis. We tested for early expression and plasticity of enzymatic mechanisms of ammonia detoxification in three terrestrial-breeding frogs: foam-nest-dwelling larvae of <em>Leptodactylus fragilis </em>(Lf) and arboreal embryos of <em>Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni</em> (Hf) and <em>Agalychnis callidryas</em> (Ac). Activity of two ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) enzymes, arginase and CPSase 1, and levels of their products urea and CP in tissues were high in Lf regardless of nest hydration but reduced in experimental low- vs. high-ammonia environments. High OUC activity in wet and dry nests, comparable to that under experimental high ammonia, suggests terrestrial Lf larvae maintain high capacity for urea excretion regardless of their immediate risk of ammonia toxicity. This may aid survival through unpredictably long waiting periods before rain enables their transition to water. Moderate levels of urea and CP were present in Hf and Ac tissues and enzymatic activities were lower than in Lf. In both species, embryos in drying clutches can hatch and enter the water early, behaviorally avoiding ammonia toxicity. Moreover, glutamine synthetase is active in early stages of all three species, condensing ammonia and glutamate to glutamine as another mechanism of detoxification. Enzyme activity appeared highest in Lf, although substrate and product levels were higher in Ac and Lf. Our results reveal that multiple biochemical mechanisms of ammonia detoxification occur in early life stages of anuran lineages that evolved terrestrial development.</p>
Dataset of paper "Solar photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of urea in water coupled to green hydrogen production"
<p>Dataset of paper "Solar photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of urea in water coupled to green hydrogen production"</p> <ul> <li>Material characterization for TiO<sub>2</sub> and WO<sub>3</sub> electrodes. </li> <li>Photoelectrochemical characterization for TiO<sub>2</sub> and WO<sub>3</sub>. </li> <li>One compartment cell characterization.</li> <li>Urea oxidation experiments for TiO<sub>2</sub> and WO<sub>3</sub> electrodes.</li> <li>Urea oxidation and products using one compartment cell.</li> <li>Production of NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> during urea oxidation.</li> <li>Evolution of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> oxidation in time and conversion to NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>.</li> <li>Two compartment cell characterization.</li> <li>Urea oxidation and products using two-compartment cell.</li> </ul>
A Study of the Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Glycerol Phenylbutyrate in Pediatric Subjects Under 2 Years of Age With Urea Cycle Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02246218. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
13-C Urea Breath Test Using BreathID System and PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00825630. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of the Safety and Tolerability of HPN-100 Compared to Sodium Phenylbutyrate in Children With Urea Cycle Disorders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00947544. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
Study of the Safety of HPN (Hyperion)-100 for the Long-Term Treatment of Urea Cycle Disorders (Treat UCD)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00947297. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 2.
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