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City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Amphibian Egg Mass Counts 2002 - Current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
This data package contains survey data beginning in 2002 for amphibian egg masses in five small kettle lakes (known as "14 Lakes") in the Cedar River Municipal Watershed, located in King County, Washington, USA. These surveys are conducted annually and are intended to be continued. The lakes range in size from 0.8 to 4.3 acres, have no perennial inlet or outlet, and were formed through glacial outwash deposits. The lakes are located at an elevation of 800 feet and are well suited for pond breeding amphibians because the lakes have no fish. Surveys were conducted annually, typically during the last week of March or first week of April, to coincide with amphibian breeding seasons. Surveyors walked, waded, or paddled the perimeter of each of the lakes during a survey, and tallied the number and type of egg masses that were encountered. Red legged frogs (Rana aurora) were of specific interest for the surveys, though egg masses of other species were noted during some survey years. The lakes represent the largest known breeding concentration of red legged frogs in the municipal watershed. The water depth of the lakes fluctuates year-to-year, which affected the feasibility of surveys. Lower water levels correspond to easier survey conditions: steep slopes and thick vegetation make surveying challenging when the water is high. Surveys were periodically cancelled during years where high water made surveying difficult or during staffing shortages. Counts of red legged frog egg masses across all lakes ranged between 24 and 1778 in a given year.
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Riparian Permanent Sample Plots 2003-current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
The City of Seattle’s Cedar River Municipal Watershed is managed to support and supply clean drinking water to the greater Seattle area. The watershed covers 91,000 acres, hosts a rich diversity of plants, animals, and habitats, and is owned by the City of Seattle. From 2003 to 2005, Seattle Public Utilities established 61 permanent sample plots (PSP) in riparian habitats of the Cedar River Municipal Watershed. 31 of these plots (plot #s 1-31) were established in 2003 upstream of Chester Morse Lake, the drinking water reservoir for the City of Seattle. 30 additional plots (plot #s 32-61) were established in 2005 downstream of Chester Morse Lake. In 2012, 6 of the 61 total plots (plot #s 4, 11, 12, 27, 28, 29) were resampled and the sampling methods were simplified. Each sampling year had different surveyors. The riparian permanent sample plots were limited to low gradient, moderately to unconfined reaches along the Cedar River and its tributaries because they typically show the most variability in riparian condition, stream-riparian interactions are greatest, and fish use is highest. Sites were randomly selected along these reaches, with two plots located at each site, one on each side of the stream. Sites were stratified into four stand types: deciduous dominated, mixed deciduous/conifer, conifer dominated in stem exclusion phase with little understory, and conifer dominated differentiated with well-developed understory, with at least five plots in each type. Each plot was measured for tree species and diameter, snag diameter and height, shrub species and cover, herb species and cover, sapling species and cover, percent canopy cover, and other species found in the plots but not previously recorded in the tree, shrub, and herb sampling. Selection of riparian plots for resampling in 2012 was designed to include plots in second and old growth forests and with medium and large stream sizes. Future resampling is expected to occur at an approximately ten-year interval. T
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Marbled Murrelet Baseline Surveys 2005-2007, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
From 2005 to 2007, Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) hired consultants to use ornithological radar and protocol audio-visual (AV) surveys to establish baseline information on the distribution and abundance of Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) in the Cedar River Municipal Watershed (CRMW), Washington. Across the three years, radar surveys were conducted on 100 mornings at 18 sites, and AV surveys on 92 mornings at 12 sites. The study recorded murrelet targets via radar in all years, with 65 detections in 2005, 89 in 2006, and 25 in 2007. Mean daily landward radar counts ranged between 0 and 4 per morning, and did not differ significantly across years. Although overall radar counts were low, high day-to-day variability was observed (coefficients of variation from 130% to 173%). Monte Carlo simulations showed that with repeated surveys using the same methods, the monitoring program could detect an annual increase of 2–3% in Marbled Murrelet abundance over approximately 25–50 years. AV surveys confirmed murrelet occupancy at two sites: the Rex River in 2005 and the South Fork Cedar River in 2006. No murrelets were detected by AV in 2007, though radar data suggested low-level murrelet presence at several additional sub-basins. The findings indicate that Marbled Murrelets occur at low densities in the CRMW, likely limited by both high inland distance and relatively sparse old-growth forest structure suitable for nesting. The four radar stations established and resampled during the study provide an opportunity for long-term monitoring, offering sufficient power to detect changes in murrelet activity as ongoing forest restoration efforts in the CRMW progress.
Dataset: Electrolyte-dependent deposition morphology on magnesium metal utilizing MeMgCl, Mg[B(hfip)4]2 and Mg(HMDS)2–2AlCl3 electrolytes
<p>This is a collection featuring the data generated and used within the paper: 'Electrolyte-dependent deposition morphology on magnesium metal utilizing MeMgCl, Mg[B(hfip)4]2 and Mg(HMDS)2–2AlCl3 electrolytes'. The deposition behavior of two state-of-the-art electrolytes, magnesium tetrakis(hexafluoroisopropyloxy)borate (Mg[B(hfip)~4~]~2~) in dimethoxyethane (DME) and magnesium bis(hexamethyldisilazide) with two equivalents of aluminum chloride (Mg(HMDS)~2~-2AlCl~3~) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was investigated. Using symmetric flooded magnesium-magnesium cells with different electrolyte concentrations and current densities the deposition process was monitored optically in-situ by a video microscope. The depositions were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and compared to depositions from methylmagnesium chloride (MeMgCl) in THF, known for its dendritic growth. In this work, MeMgCl showed unidirectional growth and for the harshest applied conditions, mossy depositions, but no branching dendrites as reported in previous literature. Mg[B(hfip)~4~]~2~ and Mg(HMDS)~2~-2AlCl~3~ did not show the formation of dendrites or a dendrite preform but also did not result in a desired smooth layer but in spherical depositions. For the Mg[B(hfip)~4~]~2~ electrolyte, the influence of magnesium borohydride (Mg(BH~4~)~2~) as an additive was additionally tested resulting in a more planar growth.</p>
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Knotweed Control 2010-current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
The City of Seattle’s Cedar River Municipal Watershed is managed to support and supply clean drinking water to the greater Seattle area. The watershed covers 91,000 acres, hosts a rich diversity of plants, animals, and habitats, and is owned by the City of Seattle. In 1999, the noxious weed knotweed was detected in the watershed and control was limited to manual and mechanical methods due to an herbicide moratorium intended to prevent broadcast spraying of roadside vegetation. These manual control methods were largely unsuccessful and impractical for controlling acres of knotweed growing in remote locations of the watershed. In 2010, Seattle Public Utilities passed the first ordinance through Seattle City Council to approve the limited use of imazapyr to control knotweed in the watershed for three years. Successive knotweed ordinances have been passed, allowing for herbicide control of knotweed in the watershed from 2010-current. The reports included in this package are provided to Seattle City Council annually as a requirement of the ordinance. The data table provides the control history since the passage of the first ordinance and includes information about patch size and amount of imazapyr used. This data package will be updated annually with ongoing control efforts.
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Goshawk Nesting 1992 - Current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed and South Fork Tolt River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
This data package contains American goshawk (Astur atricapillus) (formally known as Northern Goshawk [Accipiter gentilis]) survey data and nest location records, beginning in 1992 to present day, from the Cedar River Municipal Watershed and the South Fork Tolt River Municipal Watershed in King County, Washington, USA. Goshawks are classified as a sensitive species and are included in the Habitat Conservation Plan for the Cedar River Municipal Watershed. Surveys have been conducted periodically at historical nesting territories, depending on staff capacity and the potential for disturbances from planned infrastructure projects or forest thinning operations. These surveys were not based on a statistically valid random sampling design and did not always strictly follow established protocols. Survey methods primarily included broadcast surveys using a portable cassette player and megaphone but also involved active searches for nests or signs, as well as opportunistic detections during other forest management activities. At some nest sites, plot-level forest structure and characteristics were also documented. Nest productivity monitoring was generally not conducted, as the primary objective of the surveys was to minimize disturbance and prevent inadvertent destruction of nests.
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Restoration Thinning Trial, 2005 - 2017, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
The Restoration Thinning (RT) Program in the Cedar River Municipal Watershed (CRMW) was one of three forest restoration programs (the others being Ecological Thinning and Planting) defined and funded through the Cedar River Watershed Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) that was signed and initiated in April of 2000. Restoration thinning and ecological thinning projects were combined into the 'Upland Forest Thinning' project and are ongoing today to meet objectives outlined in the Habitat Conservation Plan and Forest Managment Plan. The primary goal of the RT program, which is analogous to pre-commercial thinning, was to actively thin dense young second-growth forest stands (generally less than 30 years old) to facilitate ecological development towards old-growth forest habitat conditions. Objectives of RT include: Reduce competition among trees. Stimulate tree growth. Increase light penetration under the top tree canopy. Increase tree and understory plant species diversity. Accelerate forest development beyond the competitive exclusion stage towards a more biologically diverse stage. Extend the forest development stand initiation stage such that diverse species become established and diverse stand structures develop. Provide multiple development pathways for variable forest stand structures. Reduce long-term fire hazard. Increase resilience to catastrophic windthrow, insect, or disease outbreak. Increase habitat connectivity and structural variability of riparian areas. This data package describes a forest restoration trial in young conifer forests of the western central Cascade Range in Washington State, USA. Young second-growth forests often regenerate as very dense, homogeneous stands following harvesting. These forests have low species diversity and trees often experience strong competition for resources. To increase tree vigor and growth and stimulate development of diverse understory, shrub species stands are thinned with the long-term goal to restore diverse func
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Riparian Restoration 2001-current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
The City of Seattle’s Cedar River Municipal Watershed is managed to support and supply clean drinking water to the greater Seattle area. The watershed covers 91,000 acres, hosts a rich diversity of plants, animals, and habitats, and is owned by the City of Seattle. In 2001 the City of Seattle prepared a multi-species Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) to comply with the federal Endangered Species Act and to address a variety of related natural resource issues in the Cedar River Watershed. As defined in the HCP, the riparian zone is the area adjacent to surface waters and areas of high groundwater levels where the terrestrial system both influences, and is influenced by, the aquatic system. The City’s strategies for the riparian ecosystem are designed to protect the region’s supply of high-quality drinking water, to preserve and enhance stream and riparian ecosystems within the municipal watershed, and to restore and rehabilitate stream and riparian functions. This package includes as-builts from riparian restoration projects, shapefiles of planting locations, and their associated monitoring data. The data is a result of monitoring that occurred after installation of riparian restoration projects in the Cedar River Municipal Watershed. The monitoring data includes plant survivorship but varies by project in what information was collected. The monitoring data was collected by multiple people over many years. Some projects were monitored for several years after project installation and some projects were monitored only once. Some projects included experimental plantings that were assigned a variety of treatments to test the efficacy of different planting strategies. In this instance, the monitoring data can be used to identify the success of the various strategies. Monitoring tabular data will be updated as more restoration projects are installed, and as previously installed projects receive continued monitoring.
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Bull Trout Fry Emergence Trapping 2023-current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
Chester Morse Lake is managed for drinking water supply for the City of Seattle by Seattle Public Utilities (SPU). The reservoir was created in 1915 upon the completion of Masonry Dam, which raised the natural level of Cedar Lake from 1,538 feet to normal operational levels between 1,550 and 1,554 feet, with a maximum refill level of 1,565 feet. Construction of the dam removed several miles of potential stream spawning, incubation, and rearing habitat for an adfluvial population of bull trout, a species listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. The reservoir fluctuates widely across operational elevations during fall and winter storms. During reservoir refill in springtime, however, the reservoir will be continuously filled until reaching peak elevation (1,560 -1,565 feet) terminally inundating habitat where bull trout had previously spawned and embryos and alevins continue to develop in the streambed. Embryo incubation and fry emergence timing data are required to improve SPU's understanding of frequency and magnitude of operational impacts to bull trout embryos developing in stream habitats affected by reservoir inundation. This information enables empirically-based estimates for the number of embryos in the streambed vulnerable to impacts of inundation during fall and winter storms, which is an intermittent impact period for embryos; and reservoir refill, which is a terminal impact period for embryos. Between two and six hand-driven redd egg pocket water quality monitoring wells and quarantine fences (to avoid additional spawning and superimposition) were deployed near primary egg pockets the week of redd observation. Temperature and dissolved oxygen data were recorded in wells and weekly logger downloads informed biologists of incubation conditions (temperature and oxygen) and accumulated temperature units (ATU). Upon reaching approximately 500 ATU, fry emergence traps were deployed over quarantined redds and subsequently, cod ends were sampled
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Marbled Murrelet Habitat Enhancement Experiment 2010, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
This experimental project aims to enhance nesting habitat for the marbled murrelet through active habitat restoration in second-growth forests. The project was conducted within the Cedar River Municipal Watershed (CRMW) in Washington State, with the goal of determining if silvicultural treatments, such as creating canopy gaps and tree topping, can accelerate the growth of tree branches suitable for murrelet nesting. The project was implemented in 2010 at a 75-acre site within CRMW. Treatments included removing surrounding trees to increase canopy openness ("gaps"), topping trees to stimulate branch growth, and combining both methods. The site was specifically chosen for its proximity to the murrelet detections in nearby old growth stands, and site suitability in terms of tree age, species composition, and manageable topography. Data collected focused on tree growth and structure characteristics critical to murrelet nesting. A total of 48 trees received treatments, which were systematically compared to untreated controls to assess outcomes. The initial implementation confirmed logistical feasibility and budget adherence, with plans for monitoring and resampling established for the 2020s. If successful, these techniques could be replicated across various environmental conditions to expand viable nesting habitat for the marbled murrelet, directly supporting conservation objectives outlined in the CRMW Habitat Conservation Plan.
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Delta Plant Communities 1988-2007, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
Seattle Public Utilities manages the Cedar River Municipal Watershed and reservoir, Chester Morse Lake, to provide drinking water for 1.6 million residents in the greater Seattle area. The Cedar and Rex rivers are the two largest tributaries to Chester Morse Lake and flow over broad, low-gradient deltas. The deltas have mostly fine sediments, sinuous low-flow channels, and an extensive wetland complex with aquatic, herbaceous, shrub, and forest components. Delta plant communities were mapped in 1988, 1996, and 2007 using aerial photography. Plant communities were ground-truthed and boundaries and classification of polygons were corrected where errors were evident. Plant communities were classified into major structural classes, including herbaceous, shrub, deciduous forest, mixed deciduous/conifer forest, and conifer forest. A system of permanent plots was established on the Cedar and Rex river deltas and measured in 1988, 1996, and 2007. Transects comprised of sample plots every 25 meters were surveyed for herbaceous and shrub cover. An additional transect was established in the floodplain of the Cedar River through mixed deciduous and conifer forest to measure tree diameter at breast height and species. This package is complete, and the data were analyzed to evaluate the potential for future adverse impacts to delta plant communities resulting from changes to the reservoir operating regime.
Data for: Techno-economic analysis of a novel laccase production process utilizing perennial biomass and the aqueous phase of bio-oil, Iowa, USA 2023-2025
This dataset contains the experimental design, measurements, and derived variables used to parameterize a techno‑economic model of laccase production via two‑stage solid‑state fermentation of prairie biomass with bio‑oil aqueous phase induction. It includes nutrient screening data for Pleurotus ostreatus growth on prairie biomass with alternative nitrogen sources and a corn‑steep solids dose series; factorial/response‑surface experiments varying substrate bed depth, substrate‑to‑inoculum (S:I) ratio, and pre‑induction growth time; and time‑resolved induction measurements. For each run and replicate, the data record the full set of spectrophotometric absorbances at 0–210 s, fitted slopes and r-square values, dilution and volume factors, and laccase activities normalized per mL and per gram of biomass, alongside the exact culture timings and environmental conditions used in the ABTS assay at 420 nm. Results tables provide the fitted central‑composite design model terms (coefficients, F‑statistics, and p‑values) used directly as inputs to the minimum laccase selling price (MLSP) calculations, together with the underlying per‑condition raw results.
Grasshopper survey and substrate utilization data at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1983 to 1985
This dataset contains grasshopper occurrence observations sampled from 9 plots on the east bajada of the Dona Ana Mountains at the Jornada Basin LTER site from 1983 to 1985. Three plots were situated on the bajada parallel to and 200 m south of the LTER-I transect. Two additional sets of three plots were located 5 km and 10 km south of the LTER transect. Each plot is composed of two 50 meter belt transects, each divided into ten 5-square-meter quadrats. Grasshoppers were visually sampled in each quadrat/plot, once in May, July and September, in 1983, 1984 and 1985. Each individual grasshopper, its age, sex and the substrate it was observed on, are recorded as observations in the dataset. This study is complete.
Field measurements of wake meandering at a utility-scale wind turbine with nacelle-mounted Doppler lidars
<p>Dataset of the paper " Dataset of the paper "Characterization of Wind Turbine Wakes with Nacelle-Mounted Doppler LiDARs and Model Validation in the Presence of Wind Veer" published in Remote Sensing [1]. " published in Wind Energy Science [1].</p> <p>[1] Brugger, P., Markfort, C., and Porté-Agel, F.: Field measurements of wake meandering at a utility-scale wind turbine with nacelle-mounted Doppler lidars, Wind Energ. Sci., 7, 185–199, https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-7-185-2022, 2022.</p>
Supplemental Figures for "On the comparative utility of entropic learning versus deep learning for long-range ENSO prediction"
<p>Supplemental figures for the paper "On the comparative utility of entropic learning versus deep learning for long-range ENSO prediction".</p>
City of Seattle, Seattle Public Utilities, Annual Bull Trout Redd Surveys in Tributaries to Chester Morse Lake 1996-current, Cedar River Municipal Watershed, King County, WA
These data were collected during weekly annual redd surveys conducted by Seattle Public Utilities (SPU) in the Cedar River Municipal Watershed (CRMW), 1996 - current. Annual weekly bull trout redd surveys funded through the CRMW Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) began in 2000 and ended in 2011 spawning year. To reinstate a monitoring program for the population, redd surveys in the most heavily used habitats by bull trout (termed the Core Zone), were opportunistically conducted in 2018. Weekly annual surveys in most of the Core Zone were reinstated in 2019. Approximately 77% of all redds observed 2000 - 2011 would have been observed during those years using the 2019 - 2022 spatial survey extent (SPU data on file). In 2023, the spatial and temporal coverage of surveys were on par with historical coverage, i.e., approximately 100% of all redds observed 2000 - 2011 would have been observed using the 2023 spatial survey extent. Information on redd location is used primarily to enable derivation of redd elevations. Redd elevation is required to estimate potential impacts to the spawning population and incubating embryos caused by reservoir inundation of stream spawning habitat after the spawning period during fall through spring. Redd weekly timing information is critical to accurately represent whether embryos remain in the gravel and are vulnerable to impacts of reservoir inundation as the reservoir is refilled starting in early spring. It is also vitally important that SPU understand timing and abundance of redds beyond the inundation zone to enable understanding of the overall impact to the population.
CCE LTER process cruise, in the California Current region, event log records including date, time, position and activity for use in post-cruise data integration based on co-sampling indexes. From 2006 to 2019 CCE LTER used a locally developed event logging system. During P2107, CCE LTER started to utilize the R2R Event Logger on UNOL ships, 2006 - 2024 (ongoing).
The event logger program developed and maintained by the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, SIO, program is used aboard CCE LTER process cruises to create indexes with temporal, spatial and activity information for post-cruise data integration. The event log is configured aboard the ship for the recording of sampling events by both ship crew personnel on the bridge, and research personnel in the lab. The event log is processed post-cruise to correct for various errors.
Resistance, utilization factor curve and polarization curve of test campaign
<p>The datesets refer to the article "Experimental Procedures & First Results of an Innovative Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Test Rig: Parametric Analysis and Stability Test" (https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.5763507.svg).</p> <p>Solid Oxide Fuel Cells are a promising technology for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are a promising technology For high-efficiency electrochemical conversion of a vast range of fuel gas mixtures, thigh operating temperature conditions (650–900 ◦C) represent a challenge both at system level and at laboratory testing level, in terms of material properties and performance dynamics. In this work a detailed procedural analysis is presented for an innovative all-ceramic compact SOFC test rig and first experimental testing results are reported in terms of polarization curves obtained under parametric variation of operating conditions (H2 content, air ratio λ and temperature) and short-term voltage stability test under load (140 h at 0.3 A/cm2 ). The electrochemical characterization results confirm the validity of the used all-ceramic cell holder, showing excellent cell performances in terms of polarization. H2 content has the most impact on SOFC performance, followed by temperature and finally air ratio, whose impact in the analyzed range is hardly seen. From the short-term stability test, the test bench setup reliability is demonstrated, showing no significant performance degradation after 140 continuous hours under load, which confirms the high quality and reproducibility of the results.</p>
Utility of polarizations available from Sentinel-1 for tundra mapping
<p>This presentation reviews achievements with C-band SAR in general and specifically Sentinel-1 for Arctic land monitoring, the implications of the current acquisition strategy including the availability of certain polarizations and discusses differences to other wavelengths through the use of Kennaugh parameterization. Unfrozen as well as frozen season observations provide added value. C-VV has the best availability and can be used for a wide range of land cover and terrain change studies. C-HH has been proven applicable for soil characterization but can only be applied regionally. A combination with other wavelengths (demonstrated for X-band) is promising for specifically mapping of wetlands, which are of interest with respect to permafrost applications.</p>
Perceptions on the utility of community question and answer websites like Stack Overflow to software developers (Replication package)
<p>Interview Questions on the perception of the utility of CQAs like Stack Overflow to software developers. In this study, we focused on the questions highlighted in yellow.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.