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348 results for “vagus nerve”
Text-fig. 2. Metacheiromys marshii, AMNH 131777, drawing of basicranium in ventral view with isosurface from CT scans of left petrosal inserted (compare with Simpson 1931: fig. 7). Much of the mastoid exposure on the specimen's left side is damaged. Numbers 1 to 4 indicate depressions that based on the right side include a thin layer of entotympanic; 1 to 3 are between petrosal and basioccipital and 4 is petrosal only. The white arrow in the lower left passes through a canal between the petrosal and exoccipital for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. Abbreviations: abX – grooves and foramina for auricular branch of vagus nerve, as – alisphenoid, astp – alisphenoid tympanic process, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, eam – roof of external acoustic meatus, ec – ectotympanic, en – entotympanic, eo – exoccipital, es – epitympanic sinus of squamosal, fm – foramen magnum, fo – foramen ovale, gf – glenoid fossa, hf – hypoglossal foramen, ips – foramen for inferior petrosal sinus, ljf – lateral jugular foramen, me – mastoid exposure of petrosal, mjf – medial jugular foramen, mt – muscular tubercle, mtc – musculotubal canal, oc – occipital condyle, pa – porus acousticus (hidden), pas – parasphenoid, pgp – postglenoid process, pr – promontorium of petrosal, ps – presphenoid, smf – stylomastoid foramen, sof – superior orbital fissure, sq – squamosal, tca – tympanic canaliculus, th – tympanohyal, tm – tubular external acoustic meatus. in Skeletal Anatomy Of The Basicranium And Auditory Region In The Metacheiromyid Palaeanodont Metacheiromys (Mammalia, Pholidotamorpha) Based On High-Resolution Ct Scans
Text-fig. 2. Metacheiromys marshii, AMNH 131777, drawing of basicranium in ventral view with isosurface from CT scans of left petrosal inserted (compare with Simpson 1931: fig. 7). Much of the mastoid exposure on the specimen's left side is damaged. Numbers 1 to 4 indicate depressions that based on the right side include a thin layer of entotympanic; 1 to 3 are between petrosal and basioccipital and 4 is petrosal only. The white arrow in the lower left passes through a canal between the petrosal and exoccipital for the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. Abbreviations: abX – grooves and foramina for auricular branch of vagus nerve, as – alisphenoid, astp – alisphenoid tympanic process, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, eam – roof of external acoustic meatus, ec – ectotympanic, en – entotympanic, eo – exoccipital, es – epitympanic sinus of squamosal, fm – foramen magnum, fo – foramen ovale, gf – glenoid fossa, hf – hypoglossal foramen, ips – foramen for inferior petrosal sinus, ljf – lateral jugular foramen, me – mastoid exposure of petrosal, mjf – medial jugular foramen, mt – muscular tubercle, mtc – musculotubal canal, oc – occipital condyle, pa – porus acousticus (hidden), pas – parasphenoid, pgp – postglenoid process, pr – promontorium of petrosal, ps – presphenoid, smf – stylomastoid foramen, sof – superior orbital fissure, sq – squamosal, tca – tympanic canaliculus, th – tympanohyal, tm – tubular external acoustic meatus.
Text-fig. 4. Metacheiromys marshii, AMNH 131777, basicranial isosurface from CT scans in oblique posteroventral view: left petrosal in blue and small piece of left entotympanic in red. The white arrow on the left petrosal passes through a canal traversed by the tympanic nerve. Abbreviations: abX – foramen for auricular branch of vagus nerve, aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, as – alisphenoid, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, ctp – caudal tympanic process, eam – squamosal roof of external acoustic meatus, ec – ectotympanic, en – entotympanic, eo – exoccipital, hf – hypoglossal foramen, ips – foramen for inferior petrosal sinus, ljf – lateral jugular foramen, me – mastoid exposure of petrosal, mjf – medial jugular foramen, mt – muscular tubercle, oc – occipital condyle, pcf – posterior carotid foramen, pp – paroccipital process of petrosal, pr – promontorium of petrosal, ptp – posttympanic process of squamosal, smf – stylomastoid foramen, sq – squamosal, stf – stapedial artery foramen, tca – tympanic canaliculus, th – tympanohyal. in Skeletal Anatomy Of The Basicranium And Auditory Region In The Metacheiromyid Palaeanodont Metacheiromys (Mammalia, Pholidotamorpha) Based On High-Resolution Ct Scans
Text-fig. 4. Metacheiromys marshii, AMNH 131777, basicranial isosurface from CT scans in oblique posteroventral view: left petrosal in blue and small piece of left entotympanic in red. The white arrow on the left petrosal passes through a canal traversed by the tympanic nerve. Abbreviations: abX – foramen for auricular branch of vagus nerve, aptt – anteroventral process of tegmen tympani, as – alisphenoid, bo – basioccipital, bs – basisphenoid, ctp – caudal tympanic process, eam – squamosal roof of external acoustic meatus, ec – ectotympanic, en – entotympanic, eo – exoccipital, hf – hypoglossal foramen, ips – foramen for inferior petrosal sinus, ljf – lateral jugular foramen, me – mastoid exposure of petrosal, mjf – medial jugular foramen, mt – muscular tubercle, oc – occipital condyle, pcf – posterior carotid foramen, pp – paroccipital process of petrosal, pr – promontorium of petrosal, ptp – posttympanic process of squamosal, smf – stylomastoid foramen, sq – squamosal, stf – stapedial artery foramen, tca – tympanic canaliculus, th – tympanohyal.
Blood glucose modulation and safety of efferent vagus nerve stimulation in a type 2 diabetic rat model
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Vagus nerve stimulation is emerging as a promising treatment for type 2 diabetes. Here, we evaluated the ability of stimulation of the vagus nerve to reduce glycaemia in awake, freely moving metabolically compromised rats. A model of type 2 diabetes (n=10) was induced using a high-fat diet and low doses of streptozotocin. Stimulation of the abdominal vagus nerve was achieved by pairing 15 Hz pulses on a distal pair of electrodes </span><span>with high-frequency blocking stimulation (26 kHz, 4 mA) on a proximal pair of electrodes to preferentially produce efferent conducting activity </span><span>(eVNS)</span><span>. </span><span>Stimulation was well tolerated in awake, freely moving rats. During 1 hour of eVNS, glycaemia decreased in 90% of subjects (-1.25±1.25 mM·h, <em>P</em>=0.017), and 2 dB above neural threshold was established as the most effective 'dose' of eVNS (<em>P</em>=0.009). Following 5 weeks of implantation, eVNS was still effective, resulting in significantly decreased glycaemia (-1.7±0.6 mM·h, <em>P</em>=0.003) during 1 hour of eVNS. There were no overt changes in fascicle area or signs of histopathological damage observed in implanted vagal nerve tissue following chronic implantation and stimulation. </span><span>Demonstration of the biocompatability and safety of eVNS in awake, </span><span>metabolically compromised</span><span> animals is a critical first step to establishing this therapy for clinical use. With further development, </span><span>eVNS could be a promising novel therapy for treating type 2 diabetes.</span></p>
Abdominal vagus nerve stimulation alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in rats
<p><span>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune inflammatory disease. Despite therapeutic advances, a significant proportion of RA patients are resistant to pharmacological treatment. Stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve is a promising alternative bioelectric neuromodulation therapeutic approach. However, recent clinical trials show cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) was not effective in a significant proportion of drug-resistant RA patients. Here we aim to assess if abdominal vagus nerve stimulation reduces disease severity in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rat model.</span><span> The abdominal vagus nerve of female Dark Agouti rats was implanted and CIA-induced using collagen type II injection. VNS (</span><span>1.6 mA, 200 µs pulse width, 50 µs interphase gap, 27 Hz frequency)</span><span> was applied to awake freely moving rats </span><span>for 3 h/day (</span><span>days 11–17). A</span><span>t 17 days following the collagen injection,</span><span> unstimulated CIA rats (n = 8) had significantly worse </span><span>disease activity index, </span><span>tumour necrosis factor-alpha (</span><span>TNF) and </span><span>receptor activator of NF</span><span>k</span><span>B ligand (</span><span>RANKL) levels, synovitis and cartilage damage than normal rats (n = 8, </span><span>Kruskal-Wallis:</span> <span><em>P</em> </span><span>< 0.05). However, </span><span>stimulated CIA rats (n = 5-6) had significantly decreased inflammatory scores and ankle swelling (Kruskal-Wallis: </span><span>P</span><span> < 0.05) compared to unstimulated CIA rats (n = 8). Levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) remained at undetectable levels in stimulated CIA rats while levels of receptor activator of NF</span><span>k</span><span>B ligand (RANKL) were significantly less in stimulated CIA rats compared to unstimulated CIA rats (</span><em><span>P</span></em><span> < 0.05). Histopathological score of inflammation and cartilage loss in stimulated CIA rats were no different from that of normal (</span><span><em>P</em> </span><span>></span><span> 0.05). In conclusion, abdominal VNS alleviates CIA and could be a promising therapy for patients with RA.</span></p>
Frequency-Dependent Effects of Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Autonomic and Cardiovascular Parameters
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07274332. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (tVNS) and Robotic Training to Improve Arm Function After Stroke
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03592745. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Paired With Tones for Tinnitus
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01962558. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
RCT of Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (nVNS) With gammaCore®, for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Attacks
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02686034. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Non-invasive Neurostimulation of the Vagus Nerve for the Treatment of Cluster Headache
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01792817. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
How Does the Type of Waveform Affect Tolerability With Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation?
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06614933. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Transcutaneous Electrical Vagus Nerve Stimulation to Suppress Atrial Fibrillation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02548754. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Moderate to Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04539964. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Attention and Memory
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06723743. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
Balance Exercise and Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Weight-shifting Control and Ambulation in Parkinson Disease and Anxiety
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06476912. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Neuromodulation Using Vagus Nerve Stimulation Following Ischemic Stroke as Therapeutic Adjunct
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05390580. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Titration Protocol to Improve Tolerance and Accelerate Adaptation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02385526. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) Dosage Study 1
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06381102. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Prevention of Emergence Agitation and Delirium in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07394647. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 36.
Safety and Efficacy of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in the Treatment of Headache in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04126408. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
Potential Benefit for Non Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Using GammaCore in the Treatment of Raynaud's Phenomena.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03869008. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
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