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7 results for “vertical wind shear”
Effect of Vertical Shear in the Zonal Wind on Equatorial Electrojet Sidebands: An Observational Perspective Using Swarm and ICON Data
<p>This data set consists of outputs from the EEJ model by Richmond (1973). The data provided is used in the manuscript titled 'Effect of Vertical Shear in the Zonal Wind on Equatorial Electrojet Sidebands: An Observational Perspective Using Swarm and ICON Data' by J. Sreelakshmi et al.</p> <p>Abstract of the manuscript:</p> <p>The wind dynamo in the ionosphere leads to differential motion of ions and electrons, which in turn sets up electric fields and currents. Observations show that daytime lower thermospheric horizontal winds have large vertical gradients. Numerical modelling conducted approximately 50 years ago demonstrated that the zonal wind shears in the ~130-180km altitude range can generate off-equatorial relative minima (dips) in the daytime height-integrated eastward current density, appearing as westward sidebands north and south of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ). This study observationally confirms this connection for the first time by combining Ionospheric CONnection explorer zonal wind profiles and Swarm latitudinal zonal currents. We demonstrate observationally that the magnitude of the EEJ sideband current is proportional to the strength of westward turning winds with altitude in the Pedersen conductivity dominated region. Additional numerical experiments explain the importance of wind shear in different altitude regions in generating the sideband current. This study contributes to the better understanding of the neutral wind effect on local current generation.</p>
Dependence of tropical cyclone weakening rate in response to an imposed moderate environmental vertical wind shear on the warm-core strength and height of the initial vortex
<p>This study investigated the dependence of the early tropical cyclone (TC) weakening rate in response to an imposed moderate environmental vertical wind shear (VWS) on the warm-core strength and height of the TC vortex using idealized numerical simulations. Results show that the weakening of the warm core by upper-level ventilation is the primary factor leading to the early TC weakening in response to an imposed environmental VWS. The upper-level ventilation is dominated by eddy radial advection of the warm-core air. The TC weakening rate is roughly proportional to the warm-core strength and height of the initial TC vortex. The boundary-layer ventilation shows no relationship with the early weakening rate of the TC in response to an imposed moderate VWS. The findings suggest that some previous diverse results regarding the TC weakening in environmental VWS could be partly due to the different warm-core strengths and heights of the initial TC vortex.</p>
Data from: The effect of initial vortex asymmetric structure on tropical cyclone intensity change in response to an imposed environmental vertical wind shear
<p>Previous studies have investigated how the environmental vertical wind shear (VWS) may trigger the asymmetric structure in an initially axisymmetric tropical cyclone (TC) vortex and how TC intensity changes in response. In this study, the possible effect of the initial vortex asymmetric structure on the TC intensity change in response to an imposed environmental VWS is investigated based on idealized full-physics model simulations. Results show that the effect of the asymmetric structure in the initial TC vortex can either enhance or suppress the initial weakening of the TC in response to the imposed environmental VWS. When the initial asymmetric structure is in phase of the VWS-induced asymmetric structure, the TC weakening will be enhanced and vice versa. Our finding calls for realistic representation of initial TC asymmetric structure in numerical weather prediction models and observations to better resolve the asymmetric structure in TCs.</p>
Data from: The effect of initial vortex asymmetric structure on tropical cyclone intensity change in response to an imposed environmental vertical wind shear
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Dependence of tropical cyclone weakening rate in response to an imposed moderate environmental vertical wind shear on the warm-core strength and height of the initial vortex
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Stronger Vertical Wind Shear Leads to Earlier Secondary Eyewall Formation
<p>file1(s100_azimuthal_uvrd.d) : S100's u、v wind and reflectivity </p> <p>fie2(s100_chi_vr.d): S100's the irrotational component of the radial velocity</p> <p>file3(s125_azimuthal_saturation_deficit.d): S125's column-integrated saturation deficit </p>
Effects of Tropospheric Vertical Wind Shear on Gravity Waves Generated by Tropical Cyclones
<p>The configuration for running WRF, and the data and codes for ploting the figures in our manuscript are provided here.</p>
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