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7 results for “weed community”
Responses of agricultural weed community in a corn-soybean intercrop
This dataset was created as a part of an experiment which used a soybean-corn intercrop system for examining how the community structure of agricultural weeds changes with fertilization and with the identity of the crop species. The composition of the weed flora in intercrops was compared with the weed flora of the respective sole crops, with and without fertilization. The experiment was conducted at Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) in southwestern Michigan, USA, in 1993.
Non-native weed reaches community dominance under the canopy of native tree
Whether facilitation from native plants is strong enough to trigger community dominance by non-natives remains unclear. We explored the possibility that facilitation from Prosopis caldenia, the dominant native tree in the semiarid open forest of central Argentina, drives local community dominance by Chenopodium album, an annual herb native to Europe. We assessed this hypothesis by conducting extensive field sampling in which we recorded the relative abundance of species growing under the canopy of P. caldenia (caldén microsites) and in adjacent locations free of this tree (open microsites). If our hypothesis is correct, then the relative abundance of C. album will be greater than that of the rest of the species only when growing under P. caldenia. Also, we measured C. album performance, estimated its soil seed bank, and characterized growing conditions in caldén and open microsites. We found that the relative abundance of C. album was over seven times greater than that of any other species in communities occurring in caldén microsites; by contrast, C. album co-dominated communities with several other species in the open. Chenopodium album density, cover, biomass, and fecundity were all several times greater in caldén than open microsites. Similarly, C. album seed bank displayed an eight-fold increase in caldén as compared to open microsites. Growing conditions were markedly different between microsites, which could explain positive responses from C. album. Our results suggest that facilitation from natives is indeed strong enough to trigger local community dominance by non-natives, advancing the understanding of community-level consequences of this interaction.
Weed communities are more diverse, but not more abundant, in dense and complex bocage landscapes
<p>1. Bocage landscapes are characterized by a network of hedgerows that delimits arable fields. Such landscapes provide many ecosystem services, including biodiversity conservation, but their effects on weed communities remain largely unknown. Bocage landscapes could affect weed communities through two main processes: plant spillover from hedgerows and increased environmental heterogeneity in arable fields. These bocage effects are also likely to vary between farming systems (conventional vs organic), due to differences in management practices.</p> <p>2. We sampled weed communities more than 20 m from field margins in 74 arable fields (37 per farming system). Fields were located along two independent landscape gradients of total length of hedgerows (with or without a shrub layer) and organic farming cover, in Brittany (France). We analysed the effect of 'bocage' (i.e., the density and complexity of hedgerow networks) and farming systems at field and landscape scales on species and functional diversity of weed communities. Further, we used fidelity to non-crop habitats and Ellenberg indicator values to assess the 'plant spillover' and 'environmental heterogeneity' hypotheses, respectively.</p> <p>3. Weed communities were more diverse and more abundant in organic farming systems. In addition, weed communities were more diverse, but not more abundant, in denser and more complex bocage landscapes. 'Bocage' increased species diversity of weeds, but also community-weighted variance of specific leaf area, plant height and seed mass. Positive effects of 'bocage' on weed diversity were driven by increased environmental heterogeneity rather than spillover of transient species from hedgerows. 'Bocage' effects were independent of farming systems at field and landscape scales.</p> <p>4. Synthesis and applications. Maintaining diverse weed communities is key to agroecological weed management and biodiversity conservation in agricultural landscapes. Farmers are often concerned that hedgerows harbour competitive plants spreading into field edges, thereby increasing weed pressure. However, our study shows that dense and complex bocage landscapes promote weed diversity in field cores, most likely by increasing environmental heterogeneity. Thus, bocage landscapes could actually enhance ecosystem services provided by weed communities and reduce weed-crop competition.</p>
Weed communities are more diverse, but not more abundant, in dense and complex bocage landscapes
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Weed community change from the 1980s to 2020s, South France
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Data from: Weed management modifies functional properties of both weeds and microbial nitrogen-cycling communities in Mediterranean vineyards
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Drivers of species composition in arable weed communities of the Austrian-Hungarian borderland region: what is the role of the country?
<p>This dataset consists of data used in paper entitled "Drivers of species composition in arable weed communities of the Austrian-Hungarian borderland region: what is the role of the country?". </p> <p>File "tvexport.cc!" contains the cover data in Cornell condesed format. The format of plot IDs are nr. of field/nr. of plot within field. In each field, the first plot are located in the margin of the field, while the other three plots are randomly placed inside.</p> <p>File "Variables_Interreg_SAM_300.xlsx" contains the environmental, location and management data for each plot. These data except crop cover are the same for the four plots in each fields. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.