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1,133 results for “wetland”
Characterizing the ecology and soil biogeochemistry of wetland transition zones along the Satilla River Estuary, GA, USA.
The location of salinity gradients in coastal wetlands, from tidal freshwater sourced from riverine inputs to polyhaline sourced from saline ocean water, is subject to natural and unnatural shifts due to climactic patterns such as changes in discharge, sea-level rise (SLR), and alterations to hydrology. Increased inundation in of saltwater in the Satilla River has resulted in conversions of plant communities from fresh or brackish to salt tolerant species that has implications for belowground soil biogeochemistry. These data explore the translation of aboveground properties to soil properties in transitional wetlands in poly-, meso-, and oligohaline regions and across elevation gradients from levee to platform in the Satilla River Estuary, GA by characterizing the ecological communities and soil size fractionation, total organic carbon content (TOC) and composition (delta13C).
Allelopathy of Frangula Alnus to Native New England Wetland Vegetation at Harvard Forest 2008
Glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus), an invasive shrub from Eurasia, colonizes both upland and mesic sites in New England, USA, reducing the growth and survival of native tree saplings and lowering species richness. Although a generalist, buckthorn thrives particularly well along river, pond, and wetland margins, which are traditional habitat for speckled alder (Alnus incana ssp. rugosa), a native nitrogen-fixing shrub. As buckthorn’s dense, monospecific growth is typical of allelopaths, we wondered whether it chemically suppresses the growth of alder and other indigenous shrubs. We thus propagated three native shrub species: Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, Viburnum dentatum and Spiraea latifolia, in invasive buckthorn and native dogwood (Cornus amomum) root and leaf mulch. After seven weeks, alder grown in buckthorn root demonstrated significantly smaller basal diameter than alder grown in buckthorn leaf or other mulches. Therefore, putative buckthorn allelopathy to alder likely occurs through root exudation instead of leaf litter effects. Meadowsweet grown in buckthorn mulch, in contrast, was taller, thicker, and had more numerous leaves than meadowsweet grown in native mulch. These species-specific effects point to allelopathy as a mechanism by which buckthorn changes the structure of native plant communities.
Chamber level gas fluxes and soil biogeochemical properties from a tidal salt marsh and an impounded brackish wetland in South Carolina, USA
Archived data from a research project assessing the role of plants in driving methane fluxes from coastal wetland systems. Data collection occurred at the inland edge of a salt marsh and a diked, brackish impounded wetland in Georgetown County, South Carolina during 2022 and 2023. The first archived data table includes soil biogeochemical properties for all soil samples (0-10 cm and 10-50 cm mineral soil depth) collected approximately monthly from our two study sites. Specific biogeochemical properties include copy numbers of the mCRA gene, soil C and N concentrations, soil C:N ratios, soil moisture, pH, conductivity, organic matter content and alive and dead root biomass. The second archived data table includes methane and carbon dioxide fluxes from chambers over plants (whole-plant gas fluxes), adjacent to plants (plant-adjacent chambers) and in non-vegetated areas (non-vegetated fluxes) measured approximately monthly at our two study sites. Metadata associated with flux measurements are also included: leaf area, dead stems, oxidation reduction potential at four depths, atmospheric pressure, incoming solar radiation, relative humidity, chamber temperature, windspeed, water salinity, water temperature and water column depth.
Impacts of microplastics on wetland ecosystem dynamics: a mesocosm study of trophic interactions and community responses, 2021-2025
This dataset documents a mesocosm experiment conducted to evaluate the ecological impacts of microplastics (MP) on wetland communities representative of eastern USA wetlands. The study focused on key organisms across trophic levels, including tadpoles (Lithobates pipiens), snails (Helisoma trivolvis), zooplankton (Daphnia pulex), phytoplankton, and periphyton communities, to assess the effects of three microplastic types (low-density polyethylene–LDPE, medium-density polystyrene–PS, and high-density polyester–PES) at two concentrations (1 mg/L and 5 mg/L), alongside a no-microplastic control. Experimental units consisted of 70 mesocosms (19-L buckets) with 10 replicates per treatment, established between July 1–15, 2021, at Binghamton University’s Ecological Research Facility. Response variables included survival and developmental traits (mass, snout-vent length, shell width) of tadpoles and snails, microplastic ingestion, zooplankton abundance, phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll and phycocyanin concentrations), and periphyton mass. The dataset provides comprehensive measurements of community responses and water quality parameters, offering insights into the ecological consequences of microplastic pollution in wetland ecosystems. This dataset is suitable for researchers studying ecotoxicology, wetland ecology, and the impacts of anthropogenic pollutants on aquatic food webs.
Soil dissolved organic matter and greenhouse gas fluxes from intact Delmarva Bay wetland soil cores during laboratory simulation of groundwater level rise
Wetlands in low-relief landscapes have dynamic terrestrial-aquatic interfaces as surface water and groundwater levels fluctuate seasonally and these variable water levels influence wetland carbon cycling. Seasonal changes in groundwater levels determine which soils are hydrologically connected to the wetland surface water-groundwater continuum and therefore which soils act as carbon sources. To quantify groundwater-mediated soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) and greenhouse gas (CO2 and CH4) fluxes, we performed a laboratory simulation of groundwater rise on intact soil cores. Soil cores were collected from four Delmarva Bay wetlands located in the low-relief landscape of the Delmarva Peninsula in the Mid-Atlantic United States. At each wetland, two cores (length = 60 cm, diameter = 10.2 cm) were collected: one from within the wetland basin and the second from the transitional zone near the edge of the wetland basin (total number of cores collected = 8). To characterize seasonal hydrologic conditions at each wetland site where intact soil cores were collected (e.g., mean water level, number of saturation events, duration of saturation), we used high frequency water level data collected in wetland center and upland groundwater monitoring wells. In the lab, cores were re-saturated with groundwater over 15 days and after cores were fully re-saturated, core water levels were maintained for an additional 25 days. Water levels in each head tank and soil core were manually recorded on sub-daily timesteps. Rhizon soil porewater samplers were installed at 8, 20, and 40 cm below the soil surface reflecting the expected depths of the O, A, and B soil horizons across the wetland sites. Source groundwater, soil porewater, and exfiltrated surface water samples were collected daily from the soil cores and analyzed for pH, ORP, and DOM concentration (dissolved organic carbon) and DOM composition (absorbance and fluorescence metrics). Discrete measurements of CO2 and CH4 fluxes were
H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program Surface Water and Soil Nutrient Content from Wetlands across Ohio, USA (2021–2022).
This data package contains surface water and soil nutrient concentration datasets from wetland projects across Ohio, USA monitored by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program. Monitoring began in May 2021 and is ongoing. This data package will be updated yearly. In general, surface water samples are collected to measure concentrations of major nutrients, including inorganic nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, total nitrogen, dissolved reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus. Sampling from major inflows and outflows is prioritized at flow-through wetland projects to support the calculation of nutrient filtration estimates using mass balance approaches. Surface water samples may also be collected from representative zones or hydrologic features with sufficient standing water (i.e., vernal pools, vegetated areas, interconnected smaller pond-like areas, etc.) to assess nutrient conditions and processes within the wetland system. The majority of surface water sampling (~monthly) occurs from March through December, with opportunistic sampling in January and February. Every effort is made to collect samples during hydrologic events (i.e., storms) as well as baseflow conditions. Concurrent with surface water sampling, hand-held multiparameter sensors are used to measure snapshots of physicochemical characteristics including dissolved oxygen, temperature, specific conductance, turbidity, and pH. Soil samples (0-5 cm) are collected in saturated and unsaturated zones at each identified soil "patch" determined from expert opinion, soil maps (Natural Resources Conservation Service), and/or hydrogeophysical assessment. Additionally, soil samples may be collected along major visible hydrologic or elevation gradients. Soil sampling occurs 1-3 times a year in select wetland projects.
H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program Vegetation Community Composition, Biomass, and Nutrient Content across Ohio, USA (2021-2022)
This data package includes vegetation community composition, percent cover, biomass, and nutrient concentration data from wetland projects across Ohio, USA, monitored by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program. Monitoring began in July 2021 and is ongoing, with annual updates planned. While data collection varies by site, most wetlands are surveyed to characterize vegetation and estimate nutrient stocks through community composition assessments and biomass sampling. Sampling points are randomly generated within and up to 5 meters outside the approximated wetland boundary. Surveys are conducted at points where wetland species (FAC–OBL) are present using a 1×1 meter quadrat to record species composition and percent cover. At approximately half of these locations, a 0.25×0.25 meter quadrat is placed outside the northeast corner to collect vegetation samples for nutrient analysis. In these smaller quadrats, community composition and percent cover are recorded prior to sampling aboveground biomass and, at approximately one third of those sites, belowground biomass. Datasets collected by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program containing surface water and soil nutrient concentration from samples collected at Ohio wetlands during the 2021–2022 sampling period can be found in an accompanying data package (edi.2087) at https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/297bd6d93b4fcc8416e4225834db380e.
Long-term monitoring and research of the ecology of the Tres Rios constructed treatment wetland, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, ongoing since 2011
# Project Description In order to better understand the water, nutrient and treatment dynamics of aridland constructed treatment wetlands, we have developed datasets tracking primary productivity (aboveground and belowground), nutrient and water budget dynamics, soils, and aquatic metabolism at the Tres Rios wetlands, operated by the City of Phoenix Water Services Department, since July 2011. The 3-cell Tres Rios Wetlands were completed in 2010 and are associated with the 91st Avenue Wastewater Treatment Plant, the largest in Phoenix. This project is focused on the largest of the three wetlands treatment cells which was the first to be planted and became operational in Summer 2010. The wetland cells are bounded by roads (the "shoreline"), and the system we study is 42 ha in size, approximately half of which is open water and half of which is fringing vegetated marsh. Water depth is relatively consistent across the marsh (approximately 25cm) and effluent inflow to the cell varies seasonally from 95,000 to over 270,000 m3 d-1. Measurements are taken along two gradients representing the two hydraulic pathways of the system: The whole-system, from inflow to outflow, within the vegetated marsh itself. # Abstract Constructed treatment wetlands (CTW) provide cost effective and ecosystem-service based solutions to the problem of urban wastewater treatment. They are a particularly attractive option for water reuse in arid cities, where water resources are scarce, and understanding CTW function in these environments is critical to facilitating sustainable water use practices. Although CTW are well established and studied in mesic climates, how they function in and respond to hot, arid climates is comparatively not well understood. Specifically, large atmospheric water losses via evaporation and plant transpiration comprise a much larger component of the whole-system water budget than in mesic climates. Additionally, given the primary role that emergent macrophytes play in nit
Macrophyte and microbial mat biomass co-variation along a hydrologic gradient and response to a removal experiment in temporary wetlands Everglades, FL, USA, February 2003 – November 2006
This data package encompasses hydrologic variables, soil depth, hydrologically-regulated macrophyte community types, macrophyte biomass and community structure, and microbial mat biomass that was collected in two observational surveys and one in-situ experimental manipulation in six temporary wetland regions located in the Everglades, FL, USA. The goal of this project was to examine the co-variation in macrophyte and microbial mat biomass along the hydrologic gradient present across wetland regions and to determine the type and strength of interactions occurring between the two communities, which was tested using a biomass (macrophyte or microbial mat) removal experiment. The census observational survey took place at 140 sites from 2003-04-09 to 2004-05-26, which were randomly distributed across the hydrologic gradient present across the six temporary wetland regions. The transect observational survey occurred along six transects and each was deliberately established along the present hydrologic gradient within each region; a total of 254 sites were sampled from 2003-02-19 to 2005-03-04. The experiment took place at three temporary wetland sites with contrasting hydroperiods (3 – 6 months), and four transects were established per site with 24 pairs of control and treatment plots per transect. The removal treatment occurred one year before data collection, and data collection occurred from 2004-06-20 to 2006-11-25. The package includes six datasets, one R code file, and two shape files associated with the R code. Data collection for all datasets is complete. FCE1274_Census_Survey includes hydrologically-regulated macrophyte community type classifications, macrophyte biomass, microbial mat ash-free dry mass, mean soil depth, water depth, mean annual hydroperiod, and vegetation-inferred hydroperiod; each site was sampled once during the survey period and a subset of sites were sampled each year. FCE1274_Transect_Survey includes macrophyte community type classifications
Holocene Development of a Forested Wetland in Central Massachusetts from 12500 BP to Present
The post-glacial history of two adjacent sites in the Harvard Forest, a 10-ha swamp (Black Gum Swamp) and a 0.006-ha hollow (Hemlock Hollow) in a Tsuga canadensis forest were investigated using pollen analysis. The sites were selected in order to contrast the regional vegetation history revealed from the swamp sediments with the local history of the Tsuga forest reconstructed from the Hollow sediments. Specific objectives were (1) to document the natural and anthropogenic disturbance history, (2) to examine the long-term vegetation dynamics of the two sites resulting from environmental change, species migration, and disturbance, especially with respect to Tsuga, and (3) to contrast the pre-and post-settlement vegetation and environments. The Swamp and Hollow cores contain continuous sediment records covering the past 12,300 and 9500 yr, respectively. Regional vegetation changes are delimited in six pollen zones: I, Herb zone, (12500 – 11800 yr BP); II, Picea zone (11800 –9350 yr BP) III, Pinus-Quercus zone (9350-8350 yr BP); IV, Tsuga-northern hardwoods zone (8350-1750 yr BP); V, Tsuga-Castanea-hardwoods zone (1750-200 yr BP); and VI, Post-settlement zone (200 yr BP-present). No disturbances are detected in the periods of tundra or boreal vegetation from 12500 to 8350 yr BP. Since 8350 yr BP three distinct disturbance processes are detectable: (1) fires recorded in discrete charcoal horizons, (2) the apparent pathogenic decline of Tsuga (4700-3500 yr BP) and the blight of Castanea (~1915 A.D.), and (3) post-settlement forest cutting, burning, land clearance an cultivation (1750 A.D. to present).
North Temperate Lakes LTER Northern Highland Lake District Wetlands
Wetlands boundaries and type codes, from the first version of the Wisconsin Wetlands Inventory (WWI). NOTE: Due to license restrictions, please contact NTL Information Management for access.
Zooplankton of Small Lakes and Wetland Ponds in Wisconsin - North Temperate Lakes LTER 1996
We sampled zooplankton communities from 54 small water bodies distributed throughout Wisconsin to evaluate whether a snap-shot of zooplankton community structure during early spring could be used for the purpose of differentiating lakes from wetlands. We collected a single set of zooplankton and water chemistry data during a one-month time window (synchronized from south to north across the state) from an open water site in each basin as a means to minimize and standardize sampling effort and to minimize cascading effects arising from predator-prey interactions with resident and immigrant aquatic insect communities. We identified 53 taxa of zooplankton from 54 sites sampled across Wisconsin. There was an average of 6.83 taxa per site. The zooplankton species were distributed with a great deal of independence. We did not detect significant correlations between number of taxa and geographic region or waterbody size. There was a significant inverse correlation between number of taxa and the concentration of calcium ion, alkalinity and conductivity. One pair of taxa, Lynceus brachyurus and Chaoborus americanus, showed a significant difference in average duration of sites of their respective occurrence. All other pairs of taxa had no significant difference in average latitude, waterbody surface area, total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, alkalinity, conductivity, calcium ion, sulfate, nitrate, silicate or chloride. Taxa were distributed at random among the sites - there were no statistically significant pairs of taxa occurring together or avoiding each other. Multivariate analysis of zooplankton associations showed no evidence of distinct associations that could be used to distinguish lakes from wetlands. Zooplankton community structure appears to be a poor tool for distinguishing between lakes and wetlands, especially at the relatively large scale of Wisconsin (dimension of about 500 km). The data suggest that a small body of water in Wisconsin could be classified
Zooplankton Communities of Restored Depressional Wetlands in Wisconsin - North Temperate Lakes LTER 1998
Wisconsin has lost approximately 2 million hectares of wetland since statehood (1848). Through the combined efforts of state and federal agencies and private groups focused primarily on wetland restoration for waterfowl habitat management or compensatory mitigation, a fairly substantial gain in wetland area has been achieved. Much of the wetland restoration effort in Wisconsin has occurred on formerly agricultural lands. However, due to the nature of the past disturbance and possible residual effects not corrected by simply returning surface waters to these lands, there is some question regarding the resultant wetland quality or biological integrity. In an effort aimed at developing tools to measure wetland gains in terms of quality or ecological integrity, the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) initiated a study of biological communities on restored wetlands in Wisconsin. We report on the community of microcrustaceans and arthropods that can be collected with a plankton net in open water in wetlands. We examined zooplankton community structure in restored wetlands in terms of richness, taxonomic representation, and Daphnia sexual reproduction and related these metrics to attributes on wetlands representing least-disturbed conditions and agriculturally impacted wetlands. We sampled 56 palustrine wetlands distributed across Wisconsin. These wetland sites were categorized as agricultural, least-impacted, and restored (recently withdrawn from agricultural usage). The wetlands were reasonably homogeneous in many ways, so that taxon richness was not correlated with basin origin, presence of adjacent roads, presence or absence of fish, water chemistry, or the size of the open water. We identified a total of 40 taxa.. We conclude that restoration of wetland watersheds works. Withdrawal of the watershed from agricultural usage is followed by an increase in taxon richness, and the sites resembled least-impacted sites in about 6-7 years. Dodson, S. I. and R. A.
Ebullitive methane emissions from oxygenated wetland streams at North Temperate Lakes LTER 2013
Stream and river carbon dioxide emissions are an important component of the global carbon cycle. Methane emissions from streams could also contribute to regional or global greenhouse gas cycling, but there are relatively few data regarding stream and river methane emissions. Furthermore, the available data do not typically include the ebullitive (bubble-mediated) pathway, instead focusing on emission of dissolved methane by diffusion or convection. Here, we show the importance of ebullitive methane emissions from small streams in the regional greenhouse gas balance of a lake and wetland-dominated landscape in temperate North America and identify the origin of the methane emitted from these well-oxygenated streams. Stream methane flux densities from this landscape tended to exceed those of nearby wetland diffusive fluxes as well as average global wetland ebullitive fluxes. Total stream ebullitive methane flux at the regional scale (103 Mg C yr-1; over 6400 km2) was of the same magnitude as diffusive methane flux previously documented at the same scale. Organic-rich stream sediments had the highest rates of bubble release and higher enrichment of methane in bubbles, but glacial sand sediments also exhibited high bubble emissions relative to other studied environments. Our results from a database of groundwater chemistry support the hypothesis that methane in bubbles is produced in anoxic near-stream sediment porewaters, and not in deeper, oxygenated groundwaters. Methane interacts with other key elemental cycles such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, which has implications for ecosystem changes such as drought and increased nutrient loading. Our results support the contention that streams, particularly those draining wetland landscapes of the northern hemisphere, are an important component of the global methane cycle.
Salt River Wetlands denitrification rate, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium rate, dissolved organic carbon concentration in June 2016 as well as soil porosity and bulk density
Raw and derived data used to calculate denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate to ammonium (DNRA) from push-pull experiments with added isotopically labelled nitrate. Experiments were conducted in 2016 in the Salt River Accidental Wetlands in three different patch types: Unvegetated, dominated by Ludwigia peploides, and dominated by Typha species (T. domingensis and T. latifolia). Data include start and end of incubation concentration of nitrate, ammonium, atom percent 15N in ammonium, dissolved organic carbon, excess mass 29-N2, and excess mass 30-N2. Soil data was collected from the same patch types including soil moisture, porosity, and bulk density.
Field Evidence of Carbon and Nitrogen Stabilization through Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation in Coastal Wetland Soils from Apalachicola, Florida, collected in June, 2022.
This data set was used to observe the role of Mineral Associated Organic Matter Formation (MAOM) on biogeochemical soil properties in three coastal wetlands in Apalachicola, Florida. One wetland was restored using beneficial dredged sediment, increasing the soil's inorganic matter content. Soil samples were collected in June 2022 from this wetland and two nearby reference wetlands: one with high organic matter and the other with higher inorganic matter content. The samples were analyzed at the University of Central Florida for biogeochemical properties to determine which properties were most related to MAOM pools.
Soil respiration rates, biogeochemical pools, and mineral-associated organic matter from high organic matter and high mineral content coastal wetland soils in Apalachicola, Florida, 2022
This data set was used to observe how the application of dredged sediment would impact soil respirations rates, biogeochemical pools, mineral associated organic matter of coastal wetland soils from Apalachicola, Florida. To achieve this, a combination of intact core and bottle incubations were used, comparing a high organic matter coastal wetland soil to a high mineral content wetland soil which were collected in June, 2022. All laboratory analysis was conducted at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, Florida.
In Situ Carbon Dioxide and Methane Flux Measurements Using Opaque Chambers in a Sedge Fen Wetland (US-Los Lost Creek AmeriFlux Site, Wisconsin, Summer 2015)
This dataset contains in situ measurements of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) fluxes, collected using opaque closed chambers at the US-Los Lost Creek AmeriFlux fen shrub wetland site in northern Wisconsin during summer 2015. These data were collected to characterize variability of day-time mid-summer methane soil fluxes across the sampling area of the eddy covariance flux tower.
Delmarva Bays Wetland Water Level Time Series (2017-2024)
This dataset contains sub-hourly water level timeseries (2017-2024) for wells monitoring (n=51) Delmarva Bay wetlands. Wells were located in three distinct landscape features, wetlands (n=23), channels/swales (n=9), and adjacent uplands (n=19). The well classification can be found in the "well_id" column (SW=wetland, CH=channel/swale, UW=upland). Its worth noting that many wells have shorter monitoring periods than the full 2017-2024 timeframe. Additionally, data gaps may exist due to equipment failure. The well metadata file contains information about GPS coordinates and select well's surveyed elevations.
Wetland abundance and distribution changes in Sycamore Creek, Arizona, USA (2014-2019)
The primary objective of this project is to understand how long-term climate variability and change influence the structure and function of desert streams via effects on hydrologic disturbance regimes. Climate and hydrology are intimately linked in arid landscapes; for this reason, desert streams are particularly well suited for both observing and understanding the consequences of climate variability and directional change. Researchers try to (1) determine how climate variability and change over multiple years influence stream biogeomorphic structure (i.e., prevalence and persistence of wetland and gravel-bed ecosystem states) via their influence on factors that control vegetation biomass, and (2) compare interannual variability in within-year successional patterns in ecosystem processes and community structure of primary producers and consumers of two contrasting reach types (wetland and gravel-bed stream reaches). This dataset was collected to understand: (1) the spatial pattern of wetland distribution and abundance; (2) the influence of multi-annual variability in hydrological regime on wetland distribution and abundance; and (3) the mechanism of the resilience of wetland to different disturbances in terms of hydrology (i.e., drying and flooding).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.