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63 results for “wild tomato”
FASTA file containing to the MYB encoding gene Ant1 genomic sequences corresponding to wild and cultivated tomato accessions
<p>Fasta sequence correspond to the MYB encoding gene <em>An2-like</em>. The genomic sequences correspond to <em>Solanum galagpagnese</em> accession LA1141 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety OH8245 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety Heinz 1706 reference genome, and 84 tomato accessions published as part of The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Local sequences databases were made and retrieved using BLAST version/2018-08 for 84 accessions from The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Sequences corresponding to Heinz 1706 (Hosmani et al., 2018), were accessed using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) tool available from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN) (available at <a href="https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/">https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/</a>).</p>
FASTA file containing the MYB encoding gene An2-like genomic sequences corresponding to wild and cultivated tomato accessions
<p>FASTA sequence corresponds to the MYB encoding gene <em>An2-like</em>. The genomic sequences correspond to <em>Solanum galagpagnese</em> accession LA1141 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety OH8245 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety Heinz 1706 reference genome (Hosmani et al., 2019), <em>S. lycopersicum </em>variety Indigo Rose (Yan et al., 2020), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> accession LA1996 [MN242011.1 (Colanero et al., 2020)], <em>S. chilense </em>accession LA1930 [MN242012.1 (Colanero et al., 2020)], and 84 tomato accessions published as part of The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Local sequences databases were made and retrieved using BLAST version/2018-08 for 84 accessions from The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Sequences corresponding to Heinz 1706 (Hosmani et al., 2018), Indigo Rose [MN433087 (Yan et al., 2020)], <em>S. lycopersicum </em>accession LA1996 [MN242011.1, EF433417.1 (Sapir et al., 2008; Colanero et al., 2020)], <em>S. chilense</em> accession LA1930 [MN242012.1 (Colanero et al., 2020)] were accessed using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) tool available from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN) (available at <a href="https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/">https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/</a>) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)(available at NCBI: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</a>).</p>
FASTA file containing the MYB encoding genes at the Aft locus with genomic sequences corresponding to wild and cultivated tomato accessions
<p>FASTA sequences correspond to the MYB encoding genes <em>An2-like </em>and <em>Ant1</em>. The genomic sequences were combined correspond to <em>Solanum galagpagnese</em> accession LA1141 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety OH8245 (this study), <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety Heinz 1706 reference genome (Hosmani et al., 2019), LA1996 [MN242011.1, EF433417.1(Sapir et al., 2008; Colanero et al., 2020)], and 84 tomato accessions published as part of The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Local sequences databases were made and retrieved using BLAST version/2018-08 for 84 accessions from The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Sequences corresponding to Heinz 1706 (Hosmani et al., 2018), <em>S. lycopersicum </em>accession LA1996 [MN242011.1, EF433417.1 (Sapir et al., 2008; Colanero et al., 2020)], <em>S. chilense</em> accession LA1930 [MN242012.1 (Colanero et al., 2020)] were accessed using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) tool available from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN) (available at <a href="https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/">https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/</a>) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) (available at NCBI: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</a>).</p>
FASTA file containing the MYB encoding gene An2-like and Ant1 coding sequences corresponding to wild and cultivated tomato accessions
<p>The coding sequence (CDS) of the MYB encoding genes <em>Ant1</em> and <em>An2-like</em>. Sequences were retrieved from regions corresponding to the<em> Aft</em> locus from <em>Solanum galapagense </em>accession LA1141, <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety OH8245, and 84 tomato accessions published as part of The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium (The 100 Tomato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2014). Sequences were compared to available CDS available from the Sol genomics network (SGN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The CDS was retrieved from <em>S. lycopersicum</em> variety Indigo Rose [MN433087 (Yan et al., 2020)], <em>S. lycopersicum</em> accession LA1996 [MN242011.1, EF433417.1( Sapir et al., 2008; Colanero et al., 2020)], and <em>S. chilense </em>accession LA1930 [MN242012.1 (Colanero et al., 2020)], The orthologous CDS corresponding to the <em>Aft </em>MYB encoding genes from <em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L. Group Phureja clone DM1-3 genome (PGSC DM v4.03 Pseudomolecules) was retrieved from the Potato Genome Sequence Consortium (PGSC: Potato Genome Sequencing Consortium et al., 2011), and the Capsicum annum cv. CM334 genome was retrieved from <em>Capsicum annuum </em>cv CM334 genome chromosome release 1.55 (Hulse-Kemp et al. 2018). These CDS were obtained using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) tool available from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN) (available at https://solgenomics.net/tools/blast/). Comparison of syntenic chromosomal regions using known positions of tomato, potato, and pepper markers with comparative map viewer from SGN: (available at https://solgenomics.net/cview) on chromosome 10, was used as a quality check for S.<em> tuberosom</em> and <em>C. annuum.</em> Orthologous CDS corresponding to <em>Salvia miltiorrhiza, Arabidopsis thaliana</em>, [NM_105308.2, NM_105310.4 (Teng et al., 2005, Cominelli et al., 2008; Beradini et al., 2015)] were chosen based on tomato <em>Aft</em> sequence homology and gene annotations of positive R2R3 MYB regulation of anthocyanin. The CDS corresponding to the <em>Aft</em> genes were retrieved from the CDS reference genomes available from the Sol Genomics Network SGN: Tomato Genome CDS (ITAG release 4.0), Potato PGSC DM v3.4 CDS sequences, <em>Capsicum annuum </em>cv CM334 Genome CDS (release 1.55), or from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) reference sequences (RefSeq) section of the Genbank records. When accessed from Genank records, the CDS sequence was extracted from the “features” section and exported as a FASTA file.</p>
Manhattan and QQ plots of GWAS on salt stress responses in root system architecture parameters of wild tomato (S. pimpinellifolium)
<p>The population of +/2 200 accessions of wild tomato was screened with the protocol described <a href="https://www.protocols.io/view/studying-root-system-architecture-changes-in-tomat-2mqgc5w">here</a> with the only exception that the plants were transferred 4 days after germination (rather than 3 - described in the protocol). The images were analyzed using the <a href="https://smartroot.github.io/">SmartRoot</a> for days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 after transfer to treatment plates (0 or 100 mM NaCl, 1/4 MS, 0.5% sucrose, 0.1% MES, 1% Dashin agar). The data analysis was performed as described <a href="https://rpubs.com/mjulkowska/BIGpimp_RSA_salt">here</a>, while the pareto front calculations were done according to Chandrasekhar & Julkowska paper (<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.12.456185v1">preprint here</a>). The GWAS was performed using the ASReml script similar to <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.15310">Awlia et al. (2021)</a>. The raw GWAS outputs can be found <a href="https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.5856310.svg">here</a>. This dataset represents Manhattan plots and QQ plots made out of the data. </p>
Regional differences in the abiotic environment contribute to genomic divergence within a wild tomato species
<p>The wild currant tomato <i>Solanum pimpinellifolium </i>inhabits a wide range of abiotic habitats across its native range of Ecuador and Peru. Although it has served as a key genetic resource for the improvement of domestic cultivars, little is known about the genetic basis of traits underlying local adaptation in this species, nor what abiotic variables are most important for driving differentiation. Here we use redundancy analysis (RDA) and other multivariate statistical methods (structural equation modeling (SEM) and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM)) to quantify the relationship of genomic variation (6,830 single nucleotide polymorphisms) with climate and geography, among 140 wild accessions. RDA, SEM, and GDM each identified environment as explaining more genomic variation than geography, suggesting that local adaptation to heterogeneous abiotic habitats may be an important source of genetic diversity in this species. Environmental factors describing temporal variation in precipitation and evaporative demand explained the most SNP variation among accessions, indicating that these forces may represent key selective agents. Lastly, by studying how SNP-environment associations vary throughout the genome (44,064 SNPs), we mapped the location and investigated the functions of loci putatively contributing to climatic adaptations. Together our findings indicate an important role for selection imposed by the abiotic environment in driving genomic differentiation between populations. </p>
Population studies of the wild tomato species Solanum chilense reveal geographically structured major gene-mediated pathogen resistance
<p>Natural plant populations encounter strong pathogen pressure and defense-associated genes are known to be under selection dependent on the pressure by the pathogens. Here we use populations of the wild tomato Solanum chilense to investigate natural resistance against Cladosporium fulvum, a well-known ascomycete pathogen of domesticated tomatoes. Host populations used are from distinct geographical origins and share a defined evolutionary history. We show that distinct populations of S. chilense differ in resistance against the pathogen. Screening for major resistance gene mediated pathogen recognition throughout the whole species showed clear geographical differences between populations and complete loss of pathogen recognition in the south of the species range. In addition, we observed high complexity in a homologues of Cladosporium resistance (Hcr) locus, underlying the recognition of C. fulvum, in central and northern populations. Our findings show that major gene mediated recognition specificity is diverse in a natural plant-pathosystem. We place major gene resistance in a geographical context that also defined the evolutionary history of that species. Data suggest that the underlying loci are more complex than previously anticipated, with small-scale gene recombination being possibly responsible for maintaining balanced polymorphisms in the populations that experience pathogen pressure.</p>
GWAS on salt stress responses in root system architecture parameters of wild tomato (S. pimpinellifolium)
<p>The population of +/2 200 accessions of wild tomato was screened with the protocol described <a href="https://www.protocols.io/view/studying-root-system-architecture-changes-in-tomat-2mqgc5w">here</a> with the only exception that the plants were transferred 4 days after germination (rather than 3 - described in the protocol). The images were analyzed using the <a href="https://smartroot.github.io/">SmartRoot</a> for days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 after transfer to treatment plates (0 or 100 mM NaCl, 1/4 MS, 0.5% sucrose, 0.1% MES, 1% Dashin agar). The data analysis was performed as described <a href="https://rpubs.com/mjulkowska/BIGpimp_RSA_salt">here</a>, while the pareto front calculations were done according to Chandrasekhar & Julkowska paper (<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.12.456185v1">preprint here</a>). The GWAS was performed using the ASReml script similar to <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tpj.15310">Awlia et al. (2021)</a>. </p>
Metabolic fingerprints for suboptimal mycorrhizal colonization in wild-type and the jasmonic acid deficient spr2 tomato mutant
<p>Raw data for metabolic fingerprinting of tomato roots by DLI-ESI-MS and GC-MS to examine the effect of mycorrhizal colonization on the global metabolic profile of WT and <em>spr2</em> mutant plants.</p>
Gene expression for suboptimal mycorrhizal colonization in wild-type and jasmonic acid deficient spr2 tomato mutants
<pre>Data were obtained from mycorrhizhal colonized roots of wild-type and and spr2 mutants tomato plants, at 32 and 45 days after mycorrhizhal inoculation. Amplifications were performed using SYBR Green detection chemistry and run in triplicate in 96-well reaction plates with the CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The data was analyzed by the delta delta ct method. </pre>
Genomic characterization of a wild-like tomato accession from Arizona
<p>Tomato domestication history has been revealed to be a highly complex story. A major contributor to this complexity is an evolutionary intermediate group (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (Alef.) Voss; SLC) between the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum L.; SLL) and its wild relative (Solanum pimpinellifolium L.; SP). SLC includes accessions with a broad spectrum of genomic and phenotypic characteristics. Some of the SLC accessions were previously hypothesized to be spreading northward from South America into Mesoamerica and that migration probably entailed reversal to wild-like phenotypes such as smaller fruits. Prior to this study, the northernmost confirmed extension of the SLC was limited to northern Mexico. In this study, we employed genomic methods to investigate the origin of a wild-like tomato found in a garden in Scottsdale Arizona, USA. The so-called "Arizona tomato" featured a vigorous growth habit and carried small fruits weighing 2-3 grams. Our phylogenomic analyses revealed the identity of the Arizona tomato as a member of the Mexican SLC population (SLC MEX). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an SLC accession, confirmed using genomics, growing spontaneously in Arizona. This finding could have implications for conservation biology as well as agriculture.</p>
Population studies of the wild tomato species Solanum chilense reveal geographically structured major gene-mediated pathogen resistance
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Regional differences in the abiotic environment contribute to genomic divergence within a wild tomato species
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Genomic characterization of a wild-like tomato accession from Arizona
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Data from: The timing of molecular and morphological changes underlying reproductive transitions in wild tomatoes (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon)
Molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from genetic self-incompatibility to self-compatibility are well documented, but the evolution of other reproductive trait changes that accompany shifts in reproductive strategy (mating system) remain comparatively poorly understood. A notable exception is the transition from exserted styles to styles with recessed positions relative to the anthers in wild tomatoes (Solanum Section Lycopersicon). This phenotypic change has been previously attributed to specific mutation in the promoter of a gene that influences style length (style2.1); however, whether this specific regulatory mutation arose concurrently with the transition from long- to short-styles, and whether it is causally responsible for this phenotypic transition, has been poorly investigated across this group. To address this gap, we assessed 74 accessions (populations) from 13 species for quantitative genetic variation in floral and reproductive traits as well as the presence/absence of deletions at two different locations (StyleD1, StyleD2) within the regulatory region upstream of style2.1. We confirmed that the putatively causal deletion variant (a 450bp deletion at StyleD1) arose within self-compatible lineages. However the variation and history of both StyleD1 and StyleD2 was more complex than previously inferred. In particular, although StyleD1 was statistically associated with differences in style length and stigma exsertion across all species, we found no evidence for this association within two species polymorphic for the StyleD1 mutation. We conclude that the previous association detected between phenotypic and molecular differences is most likely due to a phylogenetic association rather than a causal mechanistic relationship. Phenotypic variation in style length must therefore be due to other unexamined linked variants in the style2.1 regulatory region.
Data from: Domesticated tomatoes are more vulnerable to negative plant-soil feedbacks than their wild relatives
Domesticated plants can differ from their wild counterparts in the strength and outcome of species interactions, both above- and belowground. Plant-soil feedbacks influence plant success, and plant-associated soil microbial communities can influence plant interactions with herbivores and their natural enemies, yet, it is unclear if domestication has changed these relationships. To determine the effects of domestication on plant-soil interactions, we characterized soil microbial communities associated with various cultivars of domesticated tomato and some of its wild relatives. We measured the strength and direction of plant-soil feedbacks for domesticated and wild tomatoes, and the effects of soil on plant resistance to specialist herbivory by Manduca sexta, and the attraction of a parasitoid wasp, Cotesia congregata. Domesticated tomatoes and their wild relatives had negative plant-soil feedbacks, as conspecifics cultivated soil that negatively impacted performance of subsequent plants (longer germination time, lower biomass) than if they grew in non-tomato soils. Significant variation existed among domesticated and wild tomato varieties in the strength of these feedbacks, ranging from neutral to strongly negative. For aboveground plant biomass, tomato wild relatives were unaffected by growing in tomato-conditioned soil while domesticated tomatoes grew smaller in tomato soil, indicating effects of plant domestication. Overall, increased microbial biomass within the rhizosphere resulted in progressively less-negative plant-soil feedbacks. Plant cultivars had different levels of resistance to herbivory by M. sexta, but this did not depend on plant domestication or soil type. The parasitoid C. congregata was primarily attracted to herbivore damaged plants, independent of plant domestication status, and for these damaged plants, wasps preferred some cultivars over others, and wild plants grown in tomato soil over wild plants grown in non-tomato soil. Synthesis: These results indicate that crop tomatoes are more likely to show negative plant-soil feedbacks than wild progenitors, which could partially explain their sensitivity to monocultures in agricultural soils. Further, cultivar-specific variation in the ability to generate soil microbial biomass, independent of domestication status, appears to buffer the negative consequences of sharing the same soil. Last, soil legacies were relatively absent for herbivores, but not for parasitoid wasps, suggesting trophic level specificity in soil feedbacks on plant-insect interactions.
Supplementary Data for: Intraspecific diversity in the wild tomato species Solanum chilense in initial immune responses towards a glucan elicitor
<p>This repository contains:</p> <p>Read count data for the RNASeq as reported in the paper</p> <p>) All scripts used for the RNASeq analysis</p> <p> </p> <p>) a table describing DEGs with known homologous gene</p> <p> </p> <p>) a table describing DEGs with known homologous genes</p> <p><br> ) All data underlying the graphs related to the quantification of defence responses and plotting the result, sorted by figure.</p>
Fig. 4 in Glandular trichome-derived sesquiterpenes of wild tomato accessions (Solanum habrochaites) affect aphid performance and feeding behavior
Fig. 4. Effect of pure β-caryophyllene and α-humulene on M. euphorbiae feeding performance (A–C) and choice behavior (D). Different amounts of a mix of pure β-caryophyllene and α-humulene (3:1 ratio) were added to the feeding diet. The data in (A), (B), and (C) show the comparison of Kaplan-Meier survival curves (logrank test, α =0.05), gel saliva density (Tukey's HSD, α =0.05), and number of honeydew drops (ANOVA, α = 0.05), respectively, upon addition of different amounts of pure sesquiterpenes to the artificial diet. The data in (D) represent the behavioral responses of aphid alatae to odors from leaves of c.v. M82 alone (right bars) or from leaves of c.v. M82 leaves in combination with different amounts of a mix of pure β-caryophyllene and α-humulene (left bars) (Chi-square goodness of fit; *, P <0.05; **, P <0.01).
Fig. 5 in Glandular trichome-derived sesquiterpenes of wild tomato accessions (Solanum habrochaites) affect aphid performance and feeding behavior
Fig. 5. α-Santalene and α-bergamotene producing tomato introgression line affects performance, feeding and choice behavior of M. euphorbiae. (A) Performance of M. euphorbiae apterae arrested on the leaf surface of S. lycopersicum LA4024, S. habrochaites LA1777, and the introgression lines LA3935, LA3934, LA3936, and LA3937. Values for longevity and fecundity are presented as mean ± SE and compared by Tukey's HSD test (α =0.05). (B) Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship of M. euphorbiae apterae feeding on artificial diets containing leaf dip extracts of S. lycopersicum LA4024, S. habrochaites LA1777, and the introgression line LA3935 (logrank test, α = 0.05). (C) and (D) Box plots represent means ± SE of gel saliva density (cm 2) and number of honeydew drops, respectively. Tukey's HSD tests (α = 0.05) are used for post-hoc analysis. (E) Choice of M. euphorbiae alatae between odors from LA4024 leaves alone (left bars) and from LA4024 leaves with added leaf dip extracts (100 and 300 μL) from the introgression line LA3935 or S. habrochaites LA1777 (right bars) (Chi-square goodness of fit; *, P <0.05; **, P <0.01).
Fig. 3 in Glandular trichome-derived sesquiterpenes of wild tomato accessions (Solanum habrochaites) affect aphid performance and feeding behavior
Fig. 3. Choice behavior of M. euphorbiae alatae in an open Y-track olfactometer. (A) Choice of aphids between air and odors from leaves of different S. lycopersicum cultivars or S. habrochaites accessions. (B) Choice of aphids between odors from leaves of c.v. M82 and different S. habrochaites accessions. (C) Choice of aphids between odors from leaves of c.v. M82 leaves alone (left bars) and from leaves of c.v. M82 leaves with added S. habrochaites leaf dip extracts (right bars). Asterisks following each pair of bars indicates significant differences according to Chi-square goodness of fit (⋅, P <0.07; *, P <0.05; **, P <0.01).
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