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14 results for “wolf snakes”
Data from: Multilocus phylogeny reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian Wolf Snakes (genus Lycodon)
The diverse group of Asian Wolf Snakes of the genus Lycodon represents one of many poorly understood radiations of advanced snakes in the superfamily Colubroidea. Outside of three species having previously been represented in higher-level phylogenetic analyses, nothing is known of the relationships among species in this unique, moderately diverse, group. The genus occurs widely from central to southeast Asia, with a variety of range sizes from widespread forms to those that are endmic to small islands. One-third of the diversity is found in the Philippine archipelago. Both morphological similarity and highly variable diagnostic characters have contributed to confusion over species-level diversity. Additionally, the placement of the genus among genera in the subfamily Colubrinae remains uncertain, although previous studies have supported a close relationship with the genus Dinodon. In this study we provide the first estimate of phylogenetic relationships within the genus Lycodon using a multi-locus dataset. We provide statistical tests of monophyly based on biogeographic, morphological, and taxonomic hypotheses. With few exceptions, we are able to reject many of these hypotheses, indicating a need for taxonomic revisions. Mapping of color patterns on our preferred phylogenetic tree suggests that banded and blotched morphotypes have evolved on multiple occasions in the history of the genus, whereas the solid-color (and possibly speckled) morphotype evolved only once. Our results reveal that the colubrid genus Dinodon is nested within Lycodon—a clear finding that necessitates the placing of the former genus in synonymy with the latter.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 6. Striking position of (CBC02238) Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov. during defensive behavior. Photo: Thy Neang.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 5. Submontane habitat of the holotype (CBC02238) of Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov. Photo: Thy Neang.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 4. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype (CBC02238) of Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov. in preservative. Photos: Thy Neang.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 3. Head of the holotype (CBC02238) of Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov. A. lateral view of the right side of head; B. lateral view of the left side of head; C. ventral view of head (all in preservative); D. dorsal view of head (in life). Photos: Thy Neang.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 1. Type locality of Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov.: Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia.
FIGURE 7 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 7. Adult Lycodon butleri. Upper: LSUHC 8066 from Fraser's Hill, Pahang. Photo by L.L. Grismer. Middle: ZMB 57114 from Cameron Highlands, Pahang. Photo by G. Vogel. Lower: LSUHC 9137 from Bukit Larut, Perak.
FIGURE 6 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 6. Microhabitat inside the Gua Wang Burma cave at the type locality in Perlis State Park, Perlis. Photos by L.L. Grismer.
FIGURE 1 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 1. Distribution of Lycodon cavernicolus sp. nov. and L. butleri in Peninsular Malaysia. Stars designate type localities.
FIGURE 4 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 4. Left: ventral pattern of the holotype of Lycodon cavernicolus sp. nov. LSUHC 9985. Right: ventral pattern of the paratype LSUHC 10500. Photos by L.L. Grismer
FIGURE 3 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 3. Dorsal (upper) and lateral (lower) head views of the holotype of Lycodon cavernicolus sp. nov. LSUHC 9985 showing the location of head scales. F = frontal; IF = infralabial; IN = internasal; L = loreal; LAT = lower anterior temporal; LPT = lower posterior temporal; M = mental; MPT = middle posterior temporal; N = nasal; P = parietal; PF = prefrontal; PO = postocular; PP = postparietal; PrO = preocular; R = rostral; SL = supralabial; SO = suprocular; UAT = upper anterior temporal; and UPT = upper posterior temporal.
FIGURE 8 in A diminutive new species of cave-dwelling Wolf Snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Boie, 1826) from Peninsular Malaysia
FIGURE 8. Upper left: Lycodon albofuscus LSUHC 10918 from Fraser's Hill, Pahang. Upper right: L. laoensis LSUHC 10026 from Perlis State Park, Perlis. Middle left: L. butleri LSUHC 9137 from Bukit Larut, Perak. Middle right: L. subcinctus LSUHC 10910 from Hutan Lipur Lata Belatan, Terengganu. Lower left: L. capucinus LSUHC 8964 from Pulau Perhentian Besar, Terengganu. Lower right: L. effraenis LSUHC 7734 from Endau-Rompin, Johor. Photos by L.L. Grismer.
Data from: Multilocus phylogeny reveals unexpected diversification patterns in Asian Wolf Snakes (genus Lycodon)
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FIGURE 2 in A new species of wolf snake (Colubridae: Lycodon Fitzinger, 1826) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, Cardamom Mountains, southwest Cambodia
FIGURE 2. Holotype (CBC02238) of Lycodon zoosvictoriae sp. nov. in life. Photo: Thy Neang.
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