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17 results for “wood properties”
Raw and analyzed data to manuscript "Influence of air plasma pretreatments on mechanical properties in metal-reinforced laminated wood"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong><br> The use of wood-based materials in building and construction is constantly increasing as environmental aspects and sustainability gain importance. For structural applications, however, there are many examples where hybrid material systems are needed to fulfil the specific mechanical requirements of the individual application. In particular, metal reinforcements are a common solution to enhance the mechanical properties of a wooden structural element. Metal-reinforced wood components further help to reduce cross-sectional sizes of load-bearing structures, improve the attachment of masonry or other materials, enhance the seismic safety and tremor dissipation capacity, as well as the durability of the structural elements in highly humid environments and under high permanent mechanical load. A critical factor to achieve these benefits, however, is the mechanical joint between the different material classes, namely the wood and metal parts. Currently, this joint is formed using epoxy or polyurethane (PU) adhesives, the former yielding highest mechanical strengths, whereas the latter presents a compromise between mechanical and economical constraints. Regarding sustainability and economic viability, the utilization of different adhesive systems would be preferable, whereas mechanical stabilities yielded for metal-wood joints do not permit for the use of other common adhesive systems in such structural applications.<br> This study extends previous research on the use of non-thermal air plasma pretreatments for the formation of wood-metal joints. The plasma treatments of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) wood and anodized (E6/EV1) aluminum AlMgSi0.5 (6060) F22 were optimized, using water contact angle measurements to determine the effect and homogeneity of plasma treatments. The adhesive bond strengths of plasma-pretreated and untreated specimens were tested with commercial 2-component epoxy, PU, melamine-urea formaldehyde (MUF), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), and construction adhesive glue systems. The influence of plasma treatments on the mechanical performance of the compounds was evaluated for one selected glue system via bending strength tests. The impact of the hybrid interface between metal and wood was isolated for the tests by using five-layer laminates from three wood lamellae enclosing two aluminum plates, thereby excluding the influence of congeneric wood-wood bonds. The effect of the plasma treatments is discussed based on the chemical and physical modifications of the substrates and the respective interaction mechanisms with the glue systems. </p>
Relationship between decay resistance and moisture properties in wood modified with phenol formaldehyde and sorbitol-citric acid
<p>This dataset contains measurement data from the following publication: Belt, T.; Kyyrö, S.; Kilpinen, A. T. (2023) Relationship between decay resistance and moisture properties in wood modified with phenol formaldehyde and sorbitol-citric acid. Journal of Materials Science, 10.1007/s10853-023-08874-w. Small samples of Scots pine sapwood were modified using different concentrations of phenol formaldehyde (2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 30% resin solids content) and sorbitol-citric acid (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40% resin solids content) and then exposed to brown rot decay by <em>Coniophora puteana</em> and <em>Rhodonia placenta</em>. Sample masses and dimensions were measured at different points to determine their weight gain, anti-swelling efficiency and moisture exclusion efficiency due to modification, their mass loss due to decay and their moisture content at the end of the decay test. Fluorescence images were collected from decayed and control samples after the decay test. Further details on the experimental procedures can be found in the publication. </p> <p>The "Sample IDs and measurement data.csv" -file contains the sample IDs and all measured dimensions and mass data for every sample. Areas A<sub>dry0</sub>, Ad<sub>ry1</sub>, A<sub>wet</sub>, and A<sub>dry2</sub> are the cross-sectional areas of the samples in the dry state before modification, in the dry state after modification and before leaching, in the wet state during leaching, and in the dry state after leaching, respectively. Masses m<sub>dry0</sub>, m<sub>dry1</sub>, m<sub>dry2</sub>, m<sub>RH85</sub>, m<sub>wet</sub>, and m<sub>dry3</sub> are the masses of the samples in the dry state before modification, in the dry state after modification and before leaching, in the dry state after leaching, in the conditioned state at RH 85%, in the wet state at the end of the decay test, and in the dry state after the decay test, respectively.</p> <p>The "Fluorescence images" -folder contains fluorescence images collected from the samples. The image files are named according to the ID of the imaged sample, followed by additional tags. The samples modified using phenol formaldehyde were imaged using both green and UV excitation, and the file names contain the tag "green" or "UV" to denote the used excitation wavelengths. For all samples, the sample ID (and the excitation tag) are followed by a number to differentiate replicate images collected from the sample. </p>
Diversity of radial variations of wood properties in European beech reveals the plastic nature of juvenile wood - Dataset
<p>The long-term (as opposed to short-term intra-ring) radial variation of wood properties in European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) from pith to bark are largest in the young ages of the tree (internal core). This so-called juvenility reflects both cambium ageing (ontogenetic juvenility) and adaptation to the changing mechanical constraints during secondary growth (adaptive juvenility). Ring width (<em>RW</em>), specific gravity (<em>SG</em>) and specific modulus (<em>SM</em>) are important parameters for each new wood layer, needed for the study of mechanical stability of a standing tree. They should be sensitive to the mechanical adaptation of growth.<strong> </strong>They were measured on diametrical boards (North/South direction) issued from 86 trees from several high forest stands in European countries. Analysis of variance showed very significant influence of position within the tree (core/external), of trees within a plot and of plots, but not for North/South orientation. The share of variance was similar for <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em> (importance of tree effect) but different for <em>RW </em>(importance of plot effect). The occurrence of red heartwood in the core on some trees had a significant influence, mostly on <em>SM</em>, but the differences between white and red wood was very small. Globally the variability was high for <em>RW</em>, rather small for <em>SM</em> and very small for <em>SG</em>. Accordingly, the variations of the modulus of elasticity (product of <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em>) were much more influenced by <em>SM</em> than by <em>SG</em> for beech. The radial variations of each parameter were fitted by both a linear (2 coefficients: zero value and mean slope) and a parabolic curve (3 coefficients: zero value, initial slope and curvature). They were used to classify types or radial profile in terms of flat, up & down and straight, convex & concave. Median values of coefficients per plot (or total) were used to draw median profiles for each parameter per plot and at the global level. The median global profiles differed from the typical radial pattern (TRP) of juvenility for plantation softwoods for <em>SG</em> (down concave instead of up concave) and <em>SM</em> (convex like TRP but with a clear decrease in the mature wood). The main result was the very large variability of profiles between trees or even between plots. Even if there is a part of ontogenetic influence in the juvenile patterns for <em>RW</em>, <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em>, the results suggest that the influence of mechanical constraints on tree growth (adaptive juvenility) dominates largely. </p> <p><em>The provided file contains the data and the sheets developped to analyse them. It serves as supplementary material for the related paper submitted for recommendation to the PCI Forest and Wood Science.</em></p>
Fig. 1 in Wood Properties Of Nine Pinus Sylvestris Open-Pollinated Families Originating From Different Lithuanian Populations
Fig. 1. Field trials with open-pollinated progeny of Lithuanian Pinus sylvestris L. populations, established in 1983.
Fig 4 in Wood Properties Of Nine Pinus Sylvestris Open-Pollinated Families Originating From Different Lithuanian Populations
Fig 4. Wood ring width (total, early- and latewood) of nine Scots pine half-sib families in different field trials and forest types. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
Fig 5 in Wood Properties Of Nine Pinus Sylvestris Open-Pollinated Families Originating From Different Lithuanian Populations
Fig 5. Wood density (annual ring, early- and latewood) of nine Scots pine half-sib families in different field trials and forest types. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
Fig 3 in Wood Properties Of Nine Pinus Sylvestris Open-Pollinated Families Originating From Different Lithuanian Populations
Fig 3. Wood hardness of nine Scots pine half-sib families in different field trials and forest types. Error bars indicate standard deviation.
Advancing Wood Quality with Convective Vacuum Drying and its Influence on Multiple Properties of Mangifera Indica L. Timber
<p>This study explores the impact of convective vacuum drying on the quality of Mangifera indica L. timber, focusing on key parameters such as drying rate, time, and alterations in mechanical, physical, and anatomical properties. By significantly reducing moisture content, this method aims to enhance basic density, reduce volumetric shrinkage, and improve mechanical strength. Additionally, the study examines potential anatomical changes, including vessel and fiber dimensions, and assesses the overall suitability of convective vacuum drying for improving timber quality for industrial applications.</p>
Tree growth, wood properties and saccharification traits in SwAsp Populus tremula trees grown in Ekebo Sweden
<span>Background</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Wood represents the majority of the biomass on land and constitutes a renewable source of biofuels and other bioproducts. However, wood is recalcitrant to bioconversion, raising a need for feedstock improvement in production of, for instance, biofuels. We investigated the properties of wood that affect bioconversion, as well as the underlying genetics, to help identify superior tree feedstocks for biorefining. </span></p> <span>Results</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We recorded 65 wood-related and growth traits in a population of 113 natural aspen genotypes from Sweden. These traits included three growth and field performance traits, 20 traits for wood chemical composition, 17 traits for wood anatomy and structure, and 25 wood saccharification traits as indicators of bioconversion potential. Glucose release after saccharification with acidic pretreatment correlated positively with tree stem height and diameter and the carbohydrate content of the wood, and negatively with the content of lignin and the hemicellulose sugar units. Most of these traits displayed extensive natural variation within the aspen population and high broad-sense heritability, supporting their potential in genetic improvement of feedstocks towards improved bioconversion. Finally, a genome wide association study (GWAS) revealed 13 genetic loci for saccharification yield (on a whole tree biomass basis), with six of them intersecting with associations for either height or stem diameter of the trees.</span></p> <span>Conclusions</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The simple growth traits of stem height and diameter were identified as good predictors of wood saccharification yield in aspen trees. GWAS elucidated the underlying genetics, revealing putative <span>genetic markers for bioconversion of bioenergy tree feedstocks. </span></span></p>
Tree growth, wood properties and saccharification traits in SwAsp Populus tremula trees grown in Ekebo Sweden
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Data from: Properties of peanut meal-based wood adhesives enhanced by urea and epichlorohydrin
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Data from: Stimulation of boreal tree seedling growth by wood-derived charcoal: effects of charcoal properties, seedling species and soil fertility
1. Fire is a major disturbance in many ecosystems worldwide including the boreal forest, and significant quantities of charcoal can be input to the soil from fire. Some recent studies have provided evidence that wood-derived charcoal produced by fire can significantly stimulate plant growth. However, the mechanisms by which charcoal affects plant growth are poorly understood, and little is known about how charcoal effects on plant growth are influenced by charcoal type, soil type and plant species. 2. Seedlings from four common boreal tree species, two evergreen gymnosperms and two deciduous angiosperms, were grown in each of two soils of contrasting nutrient availability amended with charcoal with each of nine charcoal types (each produced from wood from a different plant species) in a greenhouse experiment. We also measured several functional traits for each of the charcoal types, as well as of the wood used to prepare the charcoal. 3. Charcoal addition had either positive or neutral effects on seedling growth, with great variability among charcoal types. The charcoal types that had the strongest positive effect were those that had the greatest concentrations of phosphate and total phosphorus, and in some cases were derived from woods that had the highest total phosphorus concentration. Addition of charcoal on average had a stronger positive effect on plant growth on soil with the lowest levels of phosphate and total phosphorus. 4. Generally, charcoal derived from angiosperms stimulated seedling growth more than charcoal from gymnosperms. Further, angiosperm seedlings were on average stimulated more by charcoal addition than were gymnosperm seedlings. These results indicate that charcoal produced by fire could contribute to the initial dominance of angiosperm trees in post-fire succession, and suggests a possible feedback whereby charcoal from angiosperm tree species favors growth of angiosperm seedlings. 5. This study highlights a new means by which functional trait variation among tree species could potentially exert "after-life" effects in forested ecosystems through influencing traits (and notably phosphate concentrations) of the charcoal that they produce following wildfire, with potentially important consequences for plant growth and community and ecosystem properties during post-fire succession.
Phenotype data Eucalyptus wood properties CNB Cirad-Ufla
<p>Phenotypic data obtained by NIR prediction on wood of the studied trees (5 trees for 10 clones of CENIBRA in 3 sites in Brazil) : wood density, stiffness and microfibril angle of cell walls</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Stimulation of boreal tree seedling growth by wood-derived charcoal: effects of charcoal properties, seedling species and soil fertility
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Data from: Light stabilizers added to the shell of coextruded wood-high density polyethylene composites to improve mechanical and anti-UV aging properties
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Network analysis of wood properties, gene expression levels and genotypes of natural Populus trichocarpa accessions
GEO Series GSE44606. Populus trichocarpa. 36 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Predicting the tensile properties of Wood Plastic Composites using material extrusion with Meta-based Few-Shot Learning
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