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40 results for “wood traits”
Wood trait–decay relationships vary with topography and rainfall seasonality in a subtropical forest in China
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Wood trait preferences of Neotropical xylophagous beetles
<p>Tree life history strategies are correlated with functional plant traits, such as wood density, moisture content, bark thickness, and nitrogen content; these traits affect the nutrients available to xylophagous insects. Cerambycid beetles feed on substrates that vary in these traits, but little is known about how they affect community composition. The goal of this project is to explore the community composition of two cerambycid subfamilies (Cerambycinae and Lamiinae) according to the wood traits in the wood they eat. In a salvage project conducted adjacent to the Panama Canal, trees were felled and exposed to Cerambycidae for oviposition. Disks from branches of differing thickness from the same plant individuals were used to calculate wood density, moisture content, and bark thickness in the field; nitrogen data were acquired offsite. Thick and thin branches tended to differ in wood trait values; therefore, data were analyzed separately in subsequent analyses. In thin branches, cerambycid abundance and species richness were higher in samples with less dense, moister wood, and thicker bark. Thick branches showed similar trends, but the wood traits accounted for little variability in beetle abundance or species richness. There were no significant regressions between beetle data and nitrogen. Cerambycines emerged more slowly, and from denser, drier wood, than lamiines. Cerambycines might be more drought-tolerant than lamiines, and therefore more resistant to the longer, more severe dry seasons that are predicted to occur due to climate change.</p>
Supplementary data for Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances differing in yield
<p>Dataset and supplementary file for <strong>Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) provenances differing in yield </strong>paper.</p> <p>The ANFS_data file includes individual level measurements of xylem safety and efficiency traits, leaf traits and growth among 7 provenances planted at two common garden sites in Germany and Slovakia. More details related to the methodology might be found in the published paper by Kurjak et al. 2024.</p> <p>The ANFS_supplementary file includes the test for differences in distance to tip between sites and provenances, based on the branch diameter-branch length scaling.</p>
Data and code from: Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales
<p>Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales.</p> <p>We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales.</p> <p>At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phylogenetic patterns along this environmental gradient suggested the lack of diversifying selection.</p> <p>At regional scales, fungal communities and their trait distributions were influenced by climatic and connectivity-related variables. The fungal climatic niches were not phylogenetically structured, suggesting that diversifying selection or stabilizing selection for climatic niches has played a strong role in wood-inhabiting communities. In contrast, we found a strong phylogenetic signal in the responses to connectivity-related variables, revealing phylogenetic homogenization in small and isolated forests.</p> <p>Altogether, our results show that species-level traits and phylogenies modulate the responses of wood-inhabiting fungi to environmental processes acting at different scales. This result suggests that the evolutionary histories of fungal traits diverge along different environmental axes.</p>
Data from: The intraspecific relationship between wood density, vessel diameter and other traits across environmental gradients
<p>This data is about several traits measured on branches of 3 wide-niche breadth tree species--Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae, Nothofagus antarctica (Nothofagaceae) and N. pumilio--growing across environmental gradients in southern Chile. The traits involve leaf, wood anatomy, including wood density, growth, carbon reserves and wood isotopes.</p>
Size-dependent intraspecific variation in wood traits has little impact on aboveground carbon estimates in a tropical forest landscape
<p>There is increasing evidence that intraspecific trait variation plays a role in governing rates of ecosystem functioning. While wood traits such as wood specific gravity (WSG) and wood carbon concentration (WCC) are key drivers of forest aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks, the sources of intraspecific variation in these wood traits and the consequences of this variation on AGC are poorly known, especially in the tropics.</p> <p>Here, we investigated intraspecific variation in wood specific gravity (WSG) and wood carbon concentration (WCC) from 556 individual trees belonging to 15 species that well characterize different successional stages of seasonal evergreen forests in Southeast Asia. Specifically, we tested the contribution of individual or species characteristics (tree size, growth rate and regeneration guilds) and local environmental conditions (topographic wetness index and successional stages) to intraspecific variation in WSG and WCC, and assessed the consequences of intraspecific variation in these wood traits on AGC estimates in 14 permanent forest plots established along a successional gradient in Khao Yai National park, Thailand.</p> <p>We found that tree size was the main driver of intraspecific variation in WSG and WCC as tree sizes increased from 10−100 cm in diameter, WSG increased by 7.3%, while WCC increased by 2.4% in heartwood, 1.6% and 2.7% in sapwood without and with volatile carbon included. There was no effect of the topographic wetness and other local environment condition in wood traits led to a slight overestimation of AGC in young secondary forests (+0.09 to +1.29%) and a small underestimation in older forests (-0.86 to -2.87%), but overall AGC estimates (13 of 14 forest plots) remained within error margins (the 95% interval).</p> <p>Our study provides evidence that tree size variation translates into intraspecific variability in wood traits, whereas local environmental conditions related to topography successional stages had no effect on wood trait variability. While size-dependent variation in WSG and WCC have largely been undocumented and thus ignored in forest carbon assessment approaches, we highlight that it has a limited impact on AGC estimates, indicating that it does not invalidate current forest carbon stock estimation approaches. </p>
Reciprocal bark exchange helps to disentangle tree species dependent bark and wood trait effects on invertebrate diversity
<p>1. Previous studies showed that bark cover at early-decay stage had profound control on the invertebrate assemblages of bark and wood, with possible consequence for the decomposition process. However, previous experimental designs could not disentangle how bark versus wood traits affect the invertebrate assemblage process in bark and/or wood separately because wood traits of different tree species may vary independently from bark traits. Furthermore, we do not know whether such tree species specific bark trait effects are still influential at mid-decay stage.</p> <p>2. To unravel whether and how bark and wood traits influence invertebrate communities in tree logs at mid-decay stage, we introduce reciprocal bark transplantation within pairs of different tree species as a new method. We applied this method to two pairs of phylogenetically contrasting species of gymnosperms (pair I: Araucaria araucana and Cryptomeria japonica, pair II: Picea abies and Thuja plicata) and another gymnosperm (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) set as disturbance control to test for potential bark manipulation artefacts on invertebrate community composition.</p> <p>3. Our bark exchange experiment revealed that both bark and wood host abundant and divergent subsets of invertebrates on mid-decay logs of different tree species. We further documented that the invertebrate community composition was predominantly shaped by the traits of host tissue per se, while also being significantly but less strongly affected by the traits of the other tissue, i.e. the adjacent bark or wood. Our results indicated that bark trait effects faded with time and how long bark trait effects persist greatly depends on bark thickness.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Our study suggests that maintaining deadwood heterogeneity related to variation between tree species, and to bark versus wood, is important for nursing a large biodiversity of invertebrates. Combined with bark removal methodology, our bark exchange method can be further extended to more decay stages and more forest biomes to track bark trait effects and bark induced priority effects on deadwood decomposition, and its associated invertebrate and microbial communities.</p>
Fungal trait-environment relationships in wood-inhabiting communities of boreal forest patches
<p>Fungal traits can provide a mechanistic understanding of how wood-inhabiting fungi interact with their environment and how that influences community assembly in deadwood. However, fungal trait exploration is relatively new and almost no studies measure fungal traits in their environment. In this study we tested species- and trait-environment relationships in reproducing fungal communities inhabiting 571 Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) logs in 55 isolated forest patches (0.1-9.9 ha) of different naturalness types, located in Northern boreal Sweden. The studied patches were (1) semi-natural set-aside patches within highly managed landscapes, or (2) old-growth natural patches located in an unmanaged landscape. We tested species and trait relationships to deadwood substrate and forest patch variables. We measured mean fruit body size and density for each of the 19 species within communities. Traits assembled in relation to log decay stage and forest patch naturalness, illustrating the important role of deterministic environmental filtering in shaping reproducing wood-inhabiting fungal communities. Early decay stage communities had larger, less dense, annual fruiting bodies of half-resupinate type and were more often white-rot fungi. Species rich mid decay stage communities had mixed trait assemblages with more long lived perennial fruit bodies of intermediate size, and both brown- and white-rot fungi equally represented. Finally, late decay stage communities had smaller, denser and perennial fruit bodies, more often of the brown-rot type. The relationships between the studied traits and decay stages were similar in both set-aside and natural patches. However, set-aside semi-natural patches in highly managed landscapes more frequently supported species with smaller, perennial, and resupinate fruit bodies compared to natural patches in an unmanaged landscape.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em></p> <p>We found that log decay stage was the primary driver of fungal community assembly of species and traits in isolated forest patches. Our results suggest that decay stage filters four reproduction traits (fruit body density, size, lifespan and type) and one resource-use trait (white or brown rot). Our results highlights, for the first time, that communities with diverse fungal reproductive traits are maintained foremost across all deadwood decay stages under different forest naturalness conditions.</p>
Anatomical wood traits of tree species in old-growth and selectively logged forest
<b>Description: </b><p>Traits matrix of wood anatomical characteristics for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Sampled during the BALI project traits campaign</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/55"><b>Biodiversity and land-use impacts on tropical ecosystem function (BALI): Quantifying functional trait distributions across the disturbance gradient</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>NERC (Standard grant, NE/K016253/1)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah Biodiversity Centre (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2.2(385))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=5513918">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Both_wood_anatomical_traits_complete_dataset.xlsx</p><p><b>Both_wood_anatomical_traits_complete_dataset.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Wood_anatomical_traits</b> (described in worksheet Wood_anatomical_traits)</p><p>Description: Traits matrix of wood anatomical characteristics for tree species in selectively logged forest at SAFE and in old-growth forest in Danum Valley and Maliau Basin. Sampled during the BALI project traits campaign</p><p>Number of fields: 18</p><p>Number of data rows: 596</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>location</b>: Location (Field type: location)</li><li><b>forest_type</b>: Forest type: OG: old-growth plots, Maliau and Danum; SL: selectively logged plots at SAFE (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>forestplots_name</b>: Plot name coherent with forestplots database (Field type: id)</li><li><b>plot_name_trait_campaign</b>: Plot name used during the BALI trait campaign (Field type: id)</li><li><b>sample_code</b>: Sample code referencing: plot-'T'(ree) ID-branch type (Field type: id)</li><li><b>branch_type</b>: Binary classification of branch sampled depending on their position in the tree crown. BS: sun branch; BSH: shade branch (Field type: id)</li><li><b>sampling_date</b>: Date of sampling (Field type: date)</li><li><b>tree_id</b>: Reference for tree tag label (Field type: id)</li><li><b>species</b>: Tree species (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Wedge.area.micron2</b>: Area of wedge from microtome slice used for analysis. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>No.vessel.wedge</b>: Count of vessels in the respective wedge area. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.diameter.micron</b>: Mean vessel diameter. Vessel diameter is determined as the mean of the maximum and minimum (lumen) diameters. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Median.vessel.diameter.micron</b>: The middle value of the vessel diameter data set. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Hydraulically.weighted.diameter.micron</b>: Hydraulically weighted mean diameter. Calculated as (∑ diameter^5) / (∑ diameter^4). (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.area.micron2</b>: Mean vessel area. Vessel area is determined by the average cross-sectional area of all vessel lumens (excluding vessel walls) in the wedge-shaped transect of the branch wood cross-section. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Median.vessel.area.micron2</b>: The middle value of the vessel area data set. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>Vessel.lumen.tot.area</b>: Total area of the vessel lumens in the wedge-shaped transect of the branch wood cross-section. (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>vessel.lumen.f.wedge</b>: Vessel lumen fraction. From the vessel areas and transect areas, vessel lumen fraction is calculated as the fraction of transect area filled by vessel lumens. (Field type: numeric trait)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2014-05-01 to 2018-09-01</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0700</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8200</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Plantae <br> -  -  Tracheophyta <br> -  -  -  Magnoliopsida <br> -  -  -  -  Malpighiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chrysobalanaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Licania splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hypericaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cratoxylum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Irvingiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irvingia malayana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Centroplacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bhesa indica</i> (as synonym: <i>Bhesa paniculata</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Clusiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia benthamiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia forbesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Garcinia parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Salicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homalium foetidum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Putranjivaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Drypetes longifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Achariaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydnocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ryparosa acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Euphorbiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spathiostemon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hancea penangensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Mallotus penangensis</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia kingii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neoscortechinia philippinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus leucodermis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus miquelianus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus mollissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mallotus wrayi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ptychopyxis arborea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga conifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga hypoleuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga pearsonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaranga winkleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron kurzii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Blumeodendron tokbrai</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phyllanthaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aporosa</i> (as synonym: <i>Aporusa</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hirsutulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus hylandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cleistanthus oblongifolius</i> (as synonym: <i>Cleistanthus myrianthus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Glochidion</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus lutescens</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion lutescens</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phyllanthus ruber</i> (as synonym: <i>Glochidion rubrum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Baccaurea tetrandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Calophyllaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua oblongifolia</i> (as synonym: <i>Kayea oblongifolia</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mesua macrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calophyllum soulattri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Malvales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Malvaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Heritiera elata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pterygota alata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pentace borneensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Pentace laxiflora</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sterculia stipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microcos crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scaphium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Scaphium macropodum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Boschia grandiflora</i> (as synonym: <i>Durio grandiflorus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Durio graveolens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dipterocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea falciferoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parviflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pinanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea almon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea angustifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea argentifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea faguetiana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea falciferoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea fallax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea gibbosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea guiso</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea johorensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leprosula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea leptoderma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea macroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea ovata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parviflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea parvistipulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pauciflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea pinanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea superba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea symingtonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Shorea xanthophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica dulitensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Vatica odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea plagata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hopea sangal</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dipterocarpus caudiferus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dryobalanops lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea malaanonan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parashorea warburgii</i> (as synonym: <i>Parashorea tomentella</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Thymelaeaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aquilaria beccariana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Celastrales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Celastraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum beccarianum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophopetalum javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Santalales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ochanostachys amentacea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fagales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fagaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus conocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus blumeanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus conocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus echinifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus leptogyne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lithocarpus sundaicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus argentata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus lowii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Quercus merrillii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trigonobalanus verticillata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Castanopsis hypophoenicea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Lamiales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lamiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Callicarpa pentandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oleaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus macrocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chionanthus pluriflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Rosales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Urticaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dendrocnide elliptica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rosaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prunus javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pygeum beccarii</i> (as synonym: <i>Prunus beccarii</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Moraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus hispida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus septica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus uncinata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficus variegata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Antiaris toxicaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus anisophyllus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus glaucus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus integer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus odoratissimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Artocarpus tamaran</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cannabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trema orientalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Cornales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nyssaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mastixia trichotoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cornaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alangium javanicum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Gentianales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Apocynaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alstonia angustiloba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rubiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neonauclea gigantea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ludekia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psydrax dicoccos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Urophyllum polyneurum</i> (as synonym: <i>Pleiocarpidia polyneura</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nauclea subdita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Fabales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Fabaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sindora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Crudia reticulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia brachybotrys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fordia splendidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium indum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dialium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Archidendron clypearia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cynometra mirabilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Sapindales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Meliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton ceramicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton macranthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chisocheton patens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum cyrtobotryum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dysoxylum densiflorum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphanamixis polystachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lansium domesticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia crassinervia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia leptantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia macrocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia odoratissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia oligophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia silvestris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aglaia tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapindaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium macrophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Paranephelium xestophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dimocarpus longan</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tristiropsis acutangula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pometia pinnata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Burseraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Santiria laevigata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium decumanum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium denticulatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium odontophyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Canarium pilosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rostrata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dacryodes rugosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rutaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melicope confusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Anacardiaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mangifera odorata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Parishia insignis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta aptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gluta wallichii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla bullata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Melanochyla tomentosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Laurales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lauraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actinodaphne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Beilschmiedia micrantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phoebe grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea accedens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea angulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea caulocarpa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea garciae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea grandis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea cordata</i> (as synonym: <i>Litsea mappacea</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litsea rubiginosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lindera lucida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eusideroxylon zwageri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nothaphoebe umbelliflora</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nigra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cryptocarya nitens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caryodaphnopsis tonkinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia caesia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dehaasia incrassata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Magnoliales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Annonaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyathocalyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Monoon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polyalthia obliqua</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sageraea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sageraea elliptica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Miliusa macropoda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stelechocarpus cauliflorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia ferruginea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xylopia stenopetala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaeanthus splendens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Maasia sumatrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Neo-uvaria acuminatissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orophea myriantha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pseuduvaria borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Magnoliaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia liliifera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Magnolia tsiampacca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myristicaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema glauca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema latifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema laurina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Knema oblongata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Myristica smythiesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Horsfieldia crassifolia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Ericales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Primulaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ardisia macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lecythidaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Planchonia brevistipitata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia lanceolata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia macrostachya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Barringtonia sarcostachys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Symplocaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Symplocos fasciculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ebenaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros andamanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros curranii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros daemona</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros dictyoneura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros macrophylla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros muricata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros tuberculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Diospyros pilosanthera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Theaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pyrenaria tawauensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pentaphylacaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Adinandra dumosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sapotaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Payena acuminata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca dubardii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Madhuca korthalsii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium dasyphyllum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Palaquium sericeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Oxalidales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Elaeocarpaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus floribundus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus pedunculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Elaeocarpus stipularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sloanea javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Myrtales <br> -  -  -  -  -  Melastomataceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Memecylon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Memecylon oleifolium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Combretaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia citrina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terminalia foetidissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Myrtaceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium chloranthum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium elopurae</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium grande</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium griffithii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium kunstleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium lineatum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium panzeri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium pustulatum</i> (as synonym: <i>Syzygium perpuncticulatum</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium racemosum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Syzygium rheophyticum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lythraceae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Duabanga moluccana</i> <br></div><p></p>
Tree growth, wood properties and saccharification traits in SwAsp Populus tremula trees grown in Ekebo Sweden
<span>Background</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Wood represents the majority of the biomass on land and constitutes a renewable source of biofuels and other bioproducts. However, wood is recalcitrant to bioconversion, raising a need for feedstock improvement in production of, for instance, biofuels. We investigated the properties of wood that affect bioconversion, as well as the underlying genetics, to help identify superior tree feedstocks for biorefining. </span></p> <span>Results</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We recorded 65 wood-related and growth traits in a population of 113 natural aspen genotypes from Sweden. These traits included three growth and field performance traits, 20 traits for wood chemical composition, 17 traits for wood anatomy and structure, and 25 wood saccharification traits as indicators of bioconversion potential. Glucose release after saccharification with acidic pretreatment correlated positively with tree stem height and diameter and the carbohydrate content of the wood, and negatively with the content of lignin and the hemicellulose sugar units. Most of these traits displayed extensive natural variation within the aspen population and high broad-sense heritability, supporting their potential in genetic improvement of feedstocks towards improved bioconversion. Finally, a genome wide association study (GWAS) revealed 13 genetic loci for saccharification yield (on a whole tree biomass basis), with six of them intersecting with associations for either height or stem diameter of the trees.</span></p> <span>Conclusions</span> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The simple growth traits of stem height and diameter were identified as good predictors of wood saccharification yield in aspen trees. GWAS elucidated the underlying genetics, revealing putative <span>genetic markers for bioconversion of bioenergy tree feedstocks. </span></span></p>
Shifts in wood anatomical traits after a major hurricane
<p>Trait variation across individuals and species influences the resistance and resilience of ecosystems to disturbance, and the ability of individuals to capitalize on post-disturbance conditions. In trees, the anatomical structure of the xylem directly affects plant function and, consequently, it is a valuable lens through which to understand resistance and resilience to disturbance.</p> <p>To determine how hurricanes affect the wood anatomy of tropical trees, we characterized a set of anatomical traits in wood produced before and after a major hurricane for 65 individuals of ten Puerto Rican tree species. We quantified variation at different scales and determined trait shifts between the pre- and post-hurricane periods. We also assessed correlations between traits and growth rates.</p> <p>While the majority of anatomical trait variation occurred among species, we also observed substantial variation within species and individuals. Within individuals, we found significant shifts for some traits that generally reflected increased hydraulic conductivity in the post-hurricane period. We found weak evidence for an association between individual xylem anatomical traits and diameter growth rates.</p> <p>Ultimately, within-individual variation of xylem anatomical traits observed in our study could be related to post-hurricane recovery and overall growth (e.g., canopy filling). Other factors, however, likely decouple a relationship between xylem anatomy and diameter growth. While adjustments of wood anatomy may enable individual trees to capitalize on favorable post-disturbance conditions, these may also influence their future responses or vulnerability to subsequent disturbances.</p>
Data from: Coordination of bark and wood traits underlies forest-to-savanna evolutionary transitions
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Shifts in wood anatomical traits after a major hurricane
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Reciprocal bark exchange helps to disentangle tree species dependent bark and wood trait effects on invertebrate diversity
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Data from: The intraspecific relationship between wood density, vessel diameter and other traits across environmental gradients
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Size-dependent intraspecific variation in wood traits has little impact on aboveground carbon estimates in a tropical forest landscape
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Data from: Temporal dynamics of bark and wood functional traits in determining invertebrate communities during coarse and fine woody debris decomposition
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Tree growth, wood properties and saccharification traits in SwAsp Populus tremula trees grown in Ekebo Sweden
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Data from: Seasonally changing interactions of species traits of termites and trees promote complementarity in coarse wood decomposition
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Fungal trait-environment relationships in wood-inhabiting communities of boreal forest patches
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ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.