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14 results for “wood-inhabiting fungi”
Data from: Wood-inhabiting insects can function as targeted vectors for decomposer fungi
Most wood-inhabiting fungi are assumed to be dispersed primarily by wind, with the exception of a few species involved in mutualistic relationships with insects. In this study we tested whether several species of wood-inhabiting insects can function as dispersal vectors for non-mutualistic fungi, which would indicate that wood-inhabiting fungi can benefit from targeted animal-mediated dispersal. We sampled wood-inhabiting beetles (Coleoptera) from freshly felled wood experimentally added to forests and used DNA metabarcoding to investigate the fungal DNA carried by these insects. Staphylinid beetles rarely contained fungal DNA, while Endomychus coccineus, Glischrochilus hortensis and Glischrochilus quadripunctatus frequently carried fungal DNA with a composition specific to the insect taxon. A large proportion of the obtained fungal sequences (34%) represented decomposer fungi, including well-known wood-decay fungi such as Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, Trichaptum abietinum and Trametes versicolor. Scanning electron microscopy further showed that some of the fungal material was carried as spores or yeast cells on the insect exoskeletons. Our results suggest that insect-vectored dispersal is of broader importance to wood-inhabiting fungi than previously assumed.
Data from: Wood-inhabiting fungi with tight associations with other species have declined as a response to forest management
Research on mutualistic and antagonistic networks, such as plant–pollinator and host–parasite networks, has shown that species interactions can influence and be influenced by the responses of species to environmental perturbations. Here we examine whether results obtained for directly observable networks generalize to more complex networks in which species interactions cannot be observed directly. As a case study, we consider data on the occurrences of 98 wood-inhabiting fungal species in managed and natural forests. We specifically ask if and how much the positions of wood-inhabiting fungal species within the interaction networks influence their responses to forest management. For this, we utilize a joint species distribution model that partitions variation in species occurrences among environmental (i.e. resource availability) and biotic (i.e. species-to-species associations) predictors. Our results indicate that in addition to the direct loss of resource-specialised species, forest management has indirect effects mediated through interactive associations. In particular, species with strong associative links to other species are especially sensitive to forest management.
FIGURE 8 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 8. Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella bambusicola (holotype). A Basidiospores. B Basidia and basidioles. C A section of hymenium. Bars: A–C = 10 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 6. Microscopic structures of Stereopsis yunnanensis (holotype). A Basidiospores. B Basidia and basidioles. C Cystidia. D A section of hymenium. Bars: A = 5 µm, B–D = 10 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 1. Maximum Parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of three new species and related species based on ITS+nLSU sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap equal to or greater than 70%, parsimony bootstrap proportions equal to or greater than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities equal to or greater than 0.95, respectively, Scale bar = 50.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 4. Microscopic structures of Ceraceomyces yunnanensis (holotype). A Basidiospores. B basidioles. C Basidia. D A section of hymenium. Bars: A = 5 µm, B–D = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 2. Maximum Parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of one new species and related species in Xenasmatella based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap equal to or greater than 70%, parsimony bootstrap proportions equal to or greater than 50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities equal to or greater than 0.95, respectively, Scale bar = 20.
Data from: Wood-inhabiting insects can function as targeted vectors for decomposer fungi
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Data from: Wood-inhabiting fungi with tight associations with other species have declined as a response to forest management
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Data from: Independent effects of host and environment on the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi
1. Dead wood is a habitat for numerous fungal species, many of which are important agents of decomposition. Previous studies suggested that wood-inhabiting fungal communities are affected by climate, availability of dead wood in the surrounding landscape and characteristics of the colonized dead-wood object (e.g. host tree species). These findings indicate that different filters structure fungal communities at different scales, but how these factors individually drive fungal fruiting diversity on dead-wood objects is unknown. 2. We conducted an orthogonal experiment comprising 180 plots (0.1 ha) in a random block design and measured fungal fruit body richness and community composition on 720 dead-wood objects over the first four years of succession. The experiment allowed us to disentangle the effects of the host (beech and fir; logs and branches) and the environment (microclimate: sunny and shady plots; local dead wood: amount and heterogeneity of dead wood added to plot). 3. Variance partitioning revealed that the host was more important than the environment for the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi. A more detailed model revealed that host tree species had the highest independent effect on richness and community composition of fruiting species of fungi. Host size had significant but low independent effects on richness and community composition of fruiting species. Canopy openness significantly affected the community composition of fruiting species. By contrast, neither local amount nor heterogeneity of dead wood significantly affected the fungal diversity measures. 4. Synthesis: Our study identified host tree species as a more important driver of the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi than the environment, which suggests a host-centred filter of this diversity in the early phase of the decomposition process. For the conservation of wood-inhabiting fungi, a high variety of host species in various microclimates is more important than the availability of dead wood at the stand level.
FIGURE 5 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 5. Basidiomata of Stereopsis yunnanensis (holotype). Bars: A = 1 cm, B = 1 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 7. Basidiomata of Xenasmatella bambusicola (holotype). Bars: A = 1 cm, B = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses revealed three new wood-inhabiting fungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) in Southern China
FIGURE 3. Basidiomata of Ceraceomyces yunnanensis (holotype). Bars: A = 1 cm, B = 1 mm.
Data from: Independent effects of host and environment on the diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi
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