Equine Vital Signs Assessment
Temperature, pulse, and respiration (TPR) are the foundation of equine health assessment. Knowing your horse’s individual baseline is as important as knowing population normals — a temperature of 101°F might be normal for one horse but elevated for another. Take vitals at the same time of day (morning is ideal) because temperature naturally rises 1–2°F by evening. After exercise, wait 30–60 minutes before taking resting vitals. Gut sounds and capillary refill time provide additional insight into gastrointestinal and cardiovascular status. Absent gut sounds combined with elevated heart rate is a hallmark of surgical colic and warrants an emergency call. A prolonged CRT (>2 seconds) may indicate dehydration, shock, or poor perfusion. Keeping a written or digital log of vitals allows your veterinarian to see trends rather than a single snapshot, which significantly improves diagnostic accuracy.