Dataset related to article "An individualized algorithm to predict mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia: a machine learning based study "

<p>This record contains raw data related to article &ldquo;An individualized algorithm to predict mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia: a machine learning based study&quot;</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p><strong>Introduction: </strong> Identifying SARS-CoV-2 patients at higher risk of mortality is crucial in the management of a pandemic. Artificial intelligence techniques allow one to analyze large amounts of data to find hidden patterns. We aimed to develop and validate a mortality score at admission for COVID-19 based on high-level machine learning.</p> <p><strong>Material and methods: </strong> We conducted a retrospective cohort study on hospitalized adult COVID-19 patients between March and December 2020. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. A machine learning approach based on vital parameters, laboratory values and demographic features was applied to develop different models. Then, a feature importance analysis was performed to reduce the number of variables included in the model, to develop a risk score with good overall performance, that was finally evaluated in terms of discrimination and calibration capabilities. All results underwent cross-validation.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong> 1,135 consecutive patients (median age 70 years, 64% male) were enrolled, 48 patients were excluded, and the cohort was randomly divided into training (760) and test (327) groups. During hospitalization, 251 (22%) patients died. After feature selection, the best performing classifier was random forest (AUC 0.88 &plusmn;0.03). Based on the relative importance of each variable, a pragmatic score was developed, showing good performances (AUC 0.85 &plusmn;0.025), and three levels were defined that correlated well with in-hospital mortality.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong> Machine learning techniques were applied in order to develop an accurate in-hospital mortality risk score for COVID-19 based on ten variables. The application of the proposed score has utility in clinical settings to guide the management and prognostication of COVID-19 patients.</p>