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publicOct 2024View details →

Accumulation and re-accumulation of commercial tobacco, electronic cigarette, and cannabis waste in San Diego County

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publicApr 2025View details →

Data from: Gallium-catalyzed boron-assisted recycling of silicone waste yields key chlorosilanes

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publicJul 2022View details →

The first records of Sea Star Wasting Disease in Crossaster papposus in Europe

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publicMar 2020View details →

Data from: An initial comparative genomic autopsy of wasting disease in sea stars

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opencc-by-4.0Jun 2019View details →

The Hidden Midden – Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel-Gasfabrik (Switzerland) - Dataset

Data set to the paper " The Hidden Midden – Geoarchaeological investigation of sedimentation processes, waste disposal practices and resource management at the La Tène settlement of Basel-Gasfabrik (Switzerland)" (Geoarchaeology; An International Journal). Supplementary Information 1: Profile photos, polished sections and thin sections scans Supplementary Information 2: Data set of the micromorpological analysis. Most of the data are given in a semiquantitative way: absent [0%] – single [<2%] – few [2–10%] – frequent [10–25%] – numerous [25–50%] – dominant [>50%]

Salma Arabic and French transcripts of description and comments on her recording in Wast al-Balad, Cairo (Egypt), 26-09-2012

« Mics in the Ears » binaural experiment in Cairo (Egypt): Vincent Battesti & Nicolas Puig, social anthropologists, asked inhabitants of Cairo megapolis in Egypt to record the surrounding urban sounds during one of their daily journeys (without the researcher), equipped with binaural microphones and GPS device. Participants have recorded in different Cairo neighbourhoods, and are themselves from different generations, social and economic backgrounds, and different genders. These text files (pdf and Word) are the transcripts (original in Arabic and translation in French) of the audio file of the description and comments one of them gave us a posteriori when listening to his/her own route he/she recorded with binaural mics. See https://vbat.org/article831

Shady Arabic and French transcripts of description and comments on his recording in Wast al-Balad, Cairo (Egypt), 26-09-2012

Evelyn binaural recording in Wast al-Balad, Cairo (Egypt), 29-05-2013

« Mics in the Ears » binaural experiment in Cairo (Egypt): Vincent Battesti & Nicolas Puig, social anthropologists, asked inhabitants of Cairo megapolis in Egypt to record the surrounding urban sounds during one of their daily journeys (without the researcher), equipped with binaural microphones and GPS device. Participants have recorded in different Cairo neighbourhoods, and are themselves from different generations, social and economic backgrounds, and different genders. The two sound files are one the raw sound recorded by one of them during this walk in a neighbourhood in Cairo (see name of the inhabitant and date and place of recording in the file name), and the other the description and comments he or she gave us a posteriori when listening to this previous raw sound he or she recorded. See <a href="https://vbat.org/article831">https://vbat.org/article831</a>

Evelyn Arabic and French transcripts of description and comments on her recording in Wast al-Balad, Cairo (Egypt), 29-05-2013

opencc-zeroMar 2020View details →

Data from: Accurate genomic predictions for chronic wasting disease in U.S. white-tailed deer

The geographic expansion of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in U.S. white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) has been largely unabated by best management practices, diagnostic surveillance, and depopulation of positive herds. Using a custom Affymetrix Axiom® single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, we demonstrate that both differential susceptibility to CWD, and natural variation in disease progression, are moderately to highly heritable ( among farmed U.S. white-tailed deer, and that loci other than PRNP are involved. Genome-wide association analyses using 123,987 quality filtered SNPs for a geographically diverse cohort of 807 farmed U.S. white-tailed deer (n = 284 CWD positive; n = 523 CWD non-detect) confirmed the prion gene (PRNP; G96S) as a large-effect risk locus (P-value < 6.3E-11), as evidenced by the estimated proportion of phenotypic variance explained (PVE ≥ 0.05), but also demonstrated that more phenotypic variance was collectively explained by loci other than PRNP. Genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP; n = 123,987 SNPs) with k-fold cross validation (k = 3; k = 5) and random sampling (n = 50 iterations) for the same cohort of 807 farmed U.S. white-tailed deer produced mean genomic prediction accuracies ≥ 0.81; thereby providing the necessary foundation for exploring a genomically-estimated CWD eradication program.

opencc-zeroDec 2016View details →

Data from: Endemic chronic wasting disease causes mule deer population decline in Wyoming

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), and moose (Alces alces shirasi) in North America. In southeastern Wyoming average annual CWD prevalence in mule deer exceeds 20% and appears to contribute to regional population declines. We determined the effect of CWD on mule deer demography using age-specific, female-only, CWD transition matrix models to estimate the population growth rate (λ). Mule deer were captured from 2010–2014 in southern Converse County Wyoming, USA. Captured adult (≥ 1.5 years old) deer were tested ante-mortem for CWD using tonsil biopsies and monitored using radio telemetry. Mean annual survival rates of CWD-negative and CWD-positive deer were 0.76 and 0.32, respectively. Pregnancy and fawn recruitment were not observed to be influenced by CWD. We estimated λ = 0.79, indicating an annual population decline of 21% under current CWD prevalence levels. A model derived from the demography of only CWD-negative individuals yielded; λ = 1.00, indicating a stable population if CWD were absent. These findings support CWD as a significant contributor to mule deer population decline. Chronic wasting disease is difficult or impossible to eradicate with current tools, given significant environmental contamination, and at present our best recommendation for control of this disease is to minimize spread to new areas and naïve cervid populations.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

Data from: Association mapping of genetic risk factors for chronic wasting disease in wild deer

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting North American cervids. We assessed the feasibility of association mapping CWD genetic risk factors in wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) using a panel of bovine microsatellite markers from three homologous deer linkage groups predicted to contain candidate genes. These markers had a low cross-species amplification rate (27.9%) and showed weak linkage disequilibrium (<1 cM). Markers near the prion protein and the neurofibromin 1 (NF1) genes were suggestively associated with CWD status in white-tailed deer (P = 0.006) and mule deer (P = 0.02), respectively. This is the first time an association between the NF1 region and CWD has been reported.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Use of environmental sites by mule deer: a proxy for relative risk of chronic wasting disease exposure and transmission

Prions that cause chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids can remain infective for years outside the host. Infectious cervids shed prions for a long time, consequently depositing prions in frequently used areas. These environmental prions are important in CWD epidemiology. Unfortunately, effective tools for quantifying CWD prions in soil, water, and other environmental sources are not currently available. Our goal was to investigate relative differences in visits by mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to various environmental site types as an indicator of the relative risk of prion contamination and disease transmission. For this, we deployed a system of triggered-by-movement cameras at eight site types in a CWD-endemic area in Saskatchewan, Canada. We first assessed whether the relative differences among site types in the frequency of visits by mule deer of any sex-and-age class, males, and females varied by season and site type. We then assessed whether the rate of behaviors with a high risk of environmental prion transmission (either contamination or acquisition) differed by season and site type. Finally, we assessed whether the intensity of visitation, based on the number of animals per picture, differed by season and site type. We found that grain sources and beds were key attractants for mule deer: (1) The greatest number of pictures with mule deer per camera-day occurred at grain sources across all seasons, except in fawning, when beds were the most visited sites; (2) during pre-rut and early gestation, mule deer visited grain sources at least twice as often as most other sites; (3) females were more likely to visit beds and grain sources, but there was no significant site preferences for males after accounting for season; (4) mule deer were most likely to be pictured contacting the environment at grain sources in early gestation; and (5) beds and grain sources were the most intensively visited sites. We also found that environmental contacts at waterholes were more frequent during spring. We discuss the potential importance of various sites in the transmission of CWD and how their modification could potentially reduce the risk of prion environmental exposure among mule deer.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →

Data from: Application of a Bayesian weighted surveillance approach for detecting chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer

SUMMARY 1. Surveillance is critical for the early detection of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, and weighted surveillance uses heterogeneity in risk of infection to increase the sampling efficiency. 2. We apply a Bayesian approach to estimate weights for 16 surveillance classes of white-tailed deer in Wisconsin, USA, relative to hunter-harvested yearling males. We use these weights to conduct a surveillance program for detecting chronic wasting disease (CWD) in white-tailed deer at Shenandoah National Park (SHEN) in Virginia, USA. 3. Generally, for surveillance, risk of infection increased with age and was greater in males. Clinical suspect deer had the highest risk with weight estimates of 33.33 and 9.09, for community reported and hunter reported suspect deer, respectively, while fawns had the lowest risk with an estimated weight of 0.001. 4. We used surveillance weights for Wisconsin deer to determine sampling effort required to detect a CWD-positive case in SHEN if prevalence in yearling males ≥0.025. The sampling required to detect CWD was 37–91 adult deer, depending on the adult male:female ratio in the surveillance stream. We collected rectal biopsies from 49 and 21 adult female and male deer, respectively, and 10 additional samples from vehicle-killed deer. CWD was not detected and we concluded with 95% probability that prevalence in the reference population (yearling males) was between 0.0 to 3.6%. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our approach allows managers to estimate relative surveillance weights for different host classes and quantify limits of disease detection in real time when only a sample of animals from a population can be tested, resulting in considerable cost savings for agencies performing wildlife disease detection surveillance. Additionally, it provides a rigorous means of estimating prevalence limits when a disease/pathogen is not detected in a sample set, and is generalizable to other wildlife, domestic animal, and human disease systems which can be characterized by surveillance classes with heterogeneous probability of infection. This methodology is also extendable to other disciplines such as invasive species, environmental toxicology, and generally any ecological question seeking to efficiently use scarce financial and human resources to maximize the detection probability of a rare event.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Cold tadpoles from Arctic environments waste less nutrients – high gross growth efficiencies lead to low consumer-mediated nutrient recycling in the North

1. Endothermic organisms can adapt to short growing seasons, low temperatures and nutrient limitation by developing high growth rates and high gross growth efficiencies (GGEs). Animals with high GGEs are better at assimilating limiting nutrients and thus should recycle (or lose) fewer nutrients. Longer guts in relation to body mass may facilitate higher GGE under resource limitation. 2. Within the context of ecological stoichiometry theory, this study combines ecology with evolution by relating latitudinal life-history adaptations in GGE, mediated by gut length, to its ecosystem consequences, such as consumer-mediated nutrient recycling. 3. In common garden experiments, we raised Rana temporaria tadpoles from two regions (Arctic/Boreal) under two temperature regimes (18/23 °C) crossed with two food quality treatments (high/low-nitrogen content). We measured tadpole GGEs, total nutrient loss (excretion + egestion) rates and gut length during ontogeny. 4. In order to maintain their elemental balance, tadpoles fed low-nitrogen (N) food had lower N excretion rates and higher total phosphorous (P) loss rates than tadpoles fed high-quality food. In accordance with expectations, Arctic tadpoles had higher GGEs and lower N loss rates than their low-latitude conspecifics, especially when fed low-N food, but only in ambient temperature treatments. Arctic tadpoles also had relatively longer guts than Boreal tadpoles during early development. 5. That temperature and food quality interacted with tadpole region of origin in affecting tadpole GGEs, nutrient loss rates and relative gut length, suggests evolved adaptation to temperature and resource differences. With future climate change, mean annual temperatures will increase. Additionally, species and genotypes will migrate north. This will change the functioning of Boreal and Arctic ecosystems by affecting consumer-mediated nutrient recycling and thus affect nutrient dynamics in general. Our study shows that evolved latitudinal adaption can change key ecosystem functions.

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 3. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n in A new genus and species of Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) tolerant to mine waste

FIGURE 3. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n. sp. n. Larva. A. Head, left ventral, right dorsal: Abbreviations: S5-S10 cephalic setae, DP—dorsal pit, VP—ventral pit: B. Segments 2–4 of antenna; C. Antennal apex; D. Mandible; E. Ligula; F. Palp; G. Submentum; H. Posterior parapod claws (selected).

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 2. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n in A new genus and species of Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) tolerant to mine waste

FIGURE 2. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n. sp. n. Pupa. A. Thoracic horn and thoracic comb; B. Dorsal abdomen; C. Tergite IV spinulation ('shagreen'), detail; D. Anal lobe,left half.

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 1. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n in A new genus and species of Australian Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) tolerant to mine waste

FIGURE 1. Yarrhpelopia norrisi gen. n. sp. n. Adult male. A. Antennal apex; B. Wing; C. Tibial apices, TI–TIII L to R; D. Hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side stylised ventral/internal.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Properties of recovered polyols by glycolysis of polyurethane waste foams

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