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Fig. 5 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 5. Morphometric parameters of L3: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of the tail end; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 6 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 6. Mature male of S. papillosus: a — general view; b — anterior part (arrowheads indicate bulbs); c — caudal part with spicules in lateral view; d — caudal part with spicules in dorsal view; scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 3 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 3. Morphometric parameters of L2 of S. papillosus: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of the tail; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis – species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 2 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 2. Morphometric parameters of L1 of S. papillosus: а — body length; b — body width; c — length of esophagus; d — length of intestine; e — length of tail; on the ordinate axis — length in µm, on the abscissa axis — species of host (Ch — Capra hircus, Oc — Oryctolagus cuniculus, Cp — Cavia porcellus).

Fig. 4 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 4. Third-stage larva of S. papillosus: a — general view; b — anterior part (the pointer indicates the place where the esophagus joins the intestine); c — posterior part; scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 1 in Intraspecific Morphological Variation In Free- Living Stages Of Strongyloides Papillosus (Nematoda, Strongyloididae) Parasitizing Various Mammal Species

Fig. 1. Rhabditiform larvae of S. papillosus: a — L1 from C. hircus (arrowheads indicate the bulb-like dilatations on the esophagus and the tail); b — L1 from O. hircus (arrowheads indicate bulb-like dilatations on the esophagus and the tail); c — L2 from C. hircus (arrowheads indicate two bulb-like dilatations); scale bars 100 µm.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2018View details →

Fig. 1 in Morphological Differentiation In Nestlings Turdus Philomelos (Passeriformes, Turdidae) And Staging In Their Development During The Nestling Period Of Postembryogenesis

Fig. 1. Dynamics of changes in 12 morphometric traits in nestlings during the nesting stage of postembryogenesis (from 1 to 14 days), the stage of fast growth (from 1 to 8 days) and of slow growth (from 8 to 14 days).

Fig. 9 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 9. The structure of four species' anuran amphibian's sucker at the first stage of development (view from below).

Fig. 6 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 6. Stages characterizing the beginning of metamorphosis: 23 — resorption of the fin's cloacal piece; 24 — front limbs are seen through the skin.

Fig. 5 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 5. Stages defined according to the development of fingers and hind limb joints: 14 — the leg is in the shape of a shovel; 15 — embryos of two fingers; 16 — embryos of three fingers; 17 — embryos of four fingers; 18 — embryos of five fingers; 19 — embryos of three fingers are segregated; 20 — embryos of five fingers

Fig. 4 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 4. Stages defined according to limb bud's length and diameter correlation: 9–l <1/2d; 10–l ≥ 1/2d; 11–l ≥ 1d; 12– l ≥ 11/2d; 13–l = 2d.

Fig. 3 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 3. Stages of operculum's development: 6 — operculum touches the belly skin or accretes it, gills can be seen from both sides; 7 — operculum completely covers gills from one (right) side; 8 — external gills are completely covered by operculum.

Fig. 1 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages

Fig. 1. Stages of external gills' development: 1 — external gills ridges get separated; 2 — gills branches embryos; 3 — emergence of gills filaments on external gills branches (filaments development may vary; operculum has not started developing yet).

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Lethal and sublethal effects of marine heatwaves on octocorals early life history stages

In this study, the effect of increased water temperature (+4 ºC and +6 ºC above ambient, 20 ºC) on larval survival and settlement was evaluated for two of the most representative Mediterranean octocoral species (Eunicella singularis and Corallium rubrum). Moreover, data on larval biomass and caloric consumption of larvae per day are also provided.Our study shows that warmer treatments did not affect the survival of symbiotic E. singularis larvae, but drastically reduced the survival of the non-symbiotic C. rubrum larvae. The results on larval biomass and caloric consumption suggest that higher mortality rates of C. rubrum exposed to increased temperature were not related to depletion of endogenous energy in larvae. The results also show that settlement rates of E. singularis did not change in response to elevated temperature after 20 days of exposure, but larvae may settle fast and close to their native population at 26 ºC (+6 ºC). Although previous experimental studies found that adult colonies of both octocoral species are mostly resistant to thermal stress, our results on early life history stages suggest that the persistence and inter-connectivity of local populations may be severely compromised under continued trends in ocean warming.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Dataset for Bate (2022): Dust coagulation during the early stages of star formation: molecular cloud collapse and first hydrostatic core evolution

This data set contains 12 smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) dump files that were used to produce some of the figures in the journal paper: Bate, Matthew. R., 2022, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, accepted 13 May 2022 Each of the SPH dump files is from a different calculation of the early stages of star formation: the gravitational collapse of a molecular cloud core, including dust coagulation.  Each SPH dump file gives the state of the SPH calculation when the maximum temperature reached 1500 K, except for the beta=0.05 cases which give the state when the maximum hydrogen number density reaches 10^{14} cm^{-3}.  The calculations were each performed using 3 million SPH particles and differed by their initial rotation rate, which was parameterised by beta=0, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.05 (the magnitude of the ratio of the rotational and gravitational potential energies).  Dump files from calculations that include and exclude envelope turbulence are provided (both are used for Figure B1).  The dump files associated with each calculation are: beta=0:      B1M0123 (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.0025: B1M2123 (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.005:  B1M5123 (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.01:   B1M1128 (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.02:   B1M2126 (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.05:   B1M5109_b05_NoEnvTurb (does not include envelope turbulence) beta=0.0:    B1M0123_b0_EnvTurb beta=0.0025: B1M2177_b0025_EnvTurb beta=0.005:  B1M5209_b005_EnvTurb beta=0.01:   B1M1219_b01_EnvTurb beta=0.02:   B1M2221_b02_EnvTurb beta=0.05:   B1M5321_b05_EnvTurb The SPH dump files are Fortran binary files written in big endian format and generated by the sphNG code (Benz 1990; Bate 1995; Bate & Keto 2015). They can be read, visualised, and manipulated using the free, publicly available SPLASH visualisation code (which reads sphNG dump files), written by Daniel J. Price, that can be downloaded from:  http://users.monash.edu.au/~dprice/splash/  The SPLASH configuration files used to produce Figs. 10,11,12,and B1 in Bate (2022) are included with this dataset in a gzipped tar file.

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Data from: Evaluating staging habitat quality to advance the conservation of a declining migratory shorebird, Red Knot Calidris canutus

Identifying where and when population "bottlenecks" occur is critical to the conservation of migratory species, many of which are declining precipitously worldwide. Especially challenging is the evaluation of changes to staging sites. These sites are indispensable links in the migratory cycle but are typically used only briefly. We devised a field-based approach to assess the quality and carrying capacity of a critical staging site in Nanpu, China, for the declining, migratory Red Knot (Calidris canutus rogersi & C. c. piersmai) during northward migration. The Nanpu tidal flat supports 50,000-100,000 Red Knots annually, and while there, the knots feed almost exclusively on the bivalve Potamocorbula laevis. We simultaneously monitored changes in the abundance of Red Knots and bivalves across the entire staging site in spring 2018. After taking into account potential competition with other shorebird species, we estimated that the Nanpu tidal flat was capable of supporting approximately 1.46-1.70 times the current observed level of usage of the site by Red Knots, and therefore is operating below, but close, to carrying capacity with respect to food resources for Red Knots. This result suggests that any further development of this site could harm the EAAF Red Knot population. Synthesis and applications: Quantitative monitoring and evaluation of habitat quality of staging sites are essential to successfully conserve declining migratory species. In particular, researchers and conservation practitioners should incorporate both population size and staging duration in order to more accurately assess the importance of different sites and to quantify how changes in staging habitat quality may translate into changes in migrant population sizes at both local and global scales.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

opencc-by-4.0May 2017View details →

Serial Crystallography with Multi-stage Merging oi 1000's of Images

In the associated paper we discuss the issues involved in improving the sensitivity of both approaches to clustering, using, as an example, 999  5 degree wedges from lysozyme in four iso-forms:   NAG:  native with N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) soaked in,   benzamadine: native with benzamadine soaked in,   benzamadine plus NAG: native with both NAG and benzamadine soaked in.   Native:  no ligands Although the cell parameters are changed sufficiently to allow recognition of the NAG soak, it is difficult to filter the benzamadine soak simply on the basis of cell parameter changes, suggesting the desirability of switching from cell-based clustering to reflection-based clustering as early in the process as possible.  The data is this dataset consists of a bzipped HKL structure factor tarball and a bzipped cluster data files from the four forms tarball.

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Multi-surveyor capture-mark-recapture as a powerful tool for butterfly population monitoring in the pre-imaginal stage

For many elusive insect species, which are difficult to cover by standard monitoring schemes, innovative survey methods are needed to gain robust data on abundance and population trends. The recording of pre-imaginal butterfly life stages provides great potential for ecological studies and conservation monitoring. However, using counts of pre-imaginal stages for quantitative research requires detection probability to be determined. We tested different removal and capture-mark-recapture (CMR) approaches to determine the detection probability for overwintering larvae of the endangered nymphalid butterfly Limenitis reducta. Classical removal and CMR studies require movement of the organisms under study but in our approach, we replaced movement of the study organisms by random movement of multiple different surveyors. The study was conducted in three plots within a spruce clear-cut in the 'Alb-Donau' region, Germany. Our dataset provides detection data of nine/ten different surveyors per study plot. The surveyors differed in their experience ('experts' vs. 'novices'). In the R-scripts we present the analysis of the data using i) the removal method, ii) CMR approaches with varying personnel expenditure. In addition, we test the validity of our method by comparing observed and simulated detection frequencies. The results of our study indicate that multi-surveyor removal/CMR techniques are highly suitable for estimating abundance of overwintering L. reducta larvae and that the proposed methodology has several strengths: long survey period, estimates of the absolute population size accompanied by uncertainty measures, estimates of overwinter mortality. The methods from our study can be adapted and used for several different butterfly species, other insect taxa with specific immobile life-stages, and some sessile organisms, e.g. elusive plants, fungi, or corals.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2022View details →

Malaria Stage Classifier dataset

This is the dataset for the Malaria Stage Classifier, which introduces a new method for the stage-specific classification of malaria-infected red blood cells (RBCs) and provides a fast, high-accuracy recognition even with limited training sets by a smart reduction of data dimension. RBCs are extracted from an image, reduced to characteristic one-dimensional cross-sections, and classified by a pretrained neural network. The method is applicable to images recorded by various microscopy techniques. The dataset can be used to retrain the neural network with new data.