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Fig. 9 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 9. Effect of compound 10 on intestinal CaCC activity. (A) Representative trace of apical IClˉ. T84 cell monolayers were permeabilized with amphotericin B at basolateral membrane, and 5 μM of CFTRinh-172 was applied to apical solution 15 min prior to addition of ATP (100 μM). Compound 10 was then added to both apical and basolateral solution at indicated concentration. (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of ATP-induced IClˉ ± S.E.M. (n = 3).
Fig. 5 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 5. Validation of TMEM16A activation in Calu-3 cells. (A) Representative traces of change in Cl current induced by 10 μM Eact with or without 10 μM MONNA pretreatment. (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of Eact-induced Cl current (mean ± S.E.M, n = 3). ***P <0.001.
Fig. 3 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 3. Inhibitory effects of compounds 2, 6, 7 and 10 on cAMP-induced chloride secretion in T84 cells. (A) Dose response studies of compounds 2, 6, 7 and 10 on cAMP-induced chloride secretion. The representative traces of apical ISC on T84 cells are shown. (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of % forskolin-stimulated ISC ± S.E.M. (n = 3).
Fig. 7 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 7. Effect of compound 10 on CFTR-mediated apical IClˉ in T84 cells. (A) The representative trace of apical IClˉ stimulated by forskolin (20 μM), forskolin plus IBMX (100 μM) and CPT-cAMP (100 μM). (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of %agonist-stimulated IClˉ ± S.E.M. (n = 3).
Fig. 4 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 4. Inhibitory effects of ABAQ on cAMP-induced chloride secretion in T84 cells. (A) Dose response studies of ABAQ on cAMP-induced chloride secretion. The representative traces of apical ISC on T84 cells is shown. (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of %forskolin-stimulated ISC ± S.E.M. (n = 3).
Fig. 8 in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 8. No involvement of protein phosphatase and MRP4 in the inhibition of CFTR chloride channel activity by compound 10 (A) Representative trace of apical IClˉ stimulation after pretreatment with Na3VO4 (protein phosphatase inhibitor; 1 mM) and MK571 (MRP4 inhibitor; 20 μM). (B) Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of %forskolin-stimulated IClˉ ± S.E.M. (n = 3).
Fig. 6. ABDCM dose-dependently inhibited TMEM16A in Isolation of CFTR and TMEM16A inhibitors from Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Potential lead compounds for treatment of secretory diarrhea
Fig. 6. ABDCM dose-dependently inhibited TMEM16A in Calu-3 cells. (A) Representative trace of change in Cl current. ABDCM at indicated concentration were applied 20 min prior to TMEM16A activation by Eact (10 μM). (B) Dose-response relationship of TMEM16A inhibition by ABDCM. Data were fitted to the Hill equation and expressed as means of Eact-induced Cl current (mean ± S.E.M, n = 3).
FIGURE 1 in Penicillium thailandense (Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales), a new species isolated from soil in northern Thailand
FIGURE 1. Phylogram derived from maximum likelihood analysis of a combined ITS, BenA, CaM, and rpb2 genes of 51 sequences. Penicillium corylophilum CBS 312.48 and P. rubefaciens CBS 145.83 were used as outgroups. The numbers above branches represent bootstrap percentages (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right). Bootstrap values ≥ 75% and Bayesian posterior probabilities ≥ 0.90 are shown. The scale bar represents the expected number of nucleotide substitutions per site. Sequences of fungal species obtained in this study are in red. Superscript "T" and "NT" represents type strains.
FIGURE 2 in Penicillium thailandense (Aspergillaceae, Eurotiales), a new species isolated from soil in northern Thailand
FIGURE 2. Penicillium thailandense (SDBR-CMU442, holotype). Colonies incubated at 25°C for one week. a. PDA; b. CYA; c. CYAS; d. CZA; e. DG18; f. MEA; g. OA; h. YES; i. CREA; j–m. Conidiophores; n. Conidia. Scale bars: a–i = 10 mm, j–n = 5 µm.
FIGURE 2. Calcarisporium yuanyangense. a in Calcarisporium yuanyangense sp. nov. (Calcarisporiaceae, Hypocreales), a fungal pathogen isolated from Ophiocordyceps nutans
FIGURE 2. Calcarisporium yuanyangense. a. Fungus on O. nutans. b. Surface (left) and abaxial surface (right) of the colony of C. yuanyangense on PDA medium. c–i. Conidiophores with conidia. m, n. Conidiophores without conidia. o, p. Conidiogenous scars. q, r. Conidia. Bars: a, b = 2cm, c, f, g, i, j = 20μm. d, e, h, k–r = 10μm.
FIGURE 1 in Calcarisporium yuanyangense sp. nov. (Calcarisporiaceae, Hypocreales), a fungal pathogen isolated from Ophiocordyceps nutans
FIGURE 1. Based on maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) analysis, the phylogenetic tree generated used a five genes combination dataset (ITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, tef-1α, and rpb2). Statistical support values (≥70%) were shown at the nodes for ML bootstrap support (BP)/BI posterior probabilities (PP). The bar at the lower left indicates 0.08 expected changes per site. The outgroups used in the tree were Bionectria pityrodes CBS 102033 and Bionectria vesiculosa HMAS 183151. The isolates shown in bold were the new species analyzed in this study.
Figure 1 in Do mismatched genitalia promote mechanical isolation in syntopic species of Phalloceros fishes (Poeciliidae)?
Figure 1. Interspecific differences in genitalia of mature individuals of Phalloceros anisophallos and Phalloceros leptokeras. A, B, ventral views of female urogenital papillae of P. anisophallos (A) and P. leptokeras (B). Notice that the papilla is turned to the right from the perspective of the fish and points somewhat distally towards the tail in P. anisophallos, and is turned to the left and points somewhat laterally in P. leptokeras. C, D, lateral view of the distal portion of the gonopodia with the skin removed of P. anisophallos (C) and P. leptokeras (D). These schematic drawings simply depict the generalized morphologies of the genitalia for each species and thus do not reflect any single museum specimen.
Figure 3 in Do mismatched genitalia promote mechanical isolation in syntopic species of Phalloceros fishes (Poeciliidae)?
Figure 3. Among-individual variation in the presence/absence of dark lateral spots and the morphology of adult female papillae in Phalloceros anisophallos and Phalloceros leptokeras from the Parati-Mirim River in relationship to molecular barcode information. The barcode sequences for each specimen are listed at the bottom and correspond to mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (MG1) DNA haplotypes. Based on the orientation of genital papillae, these specimens were initially identified as follows: P. anisophallos = MNTI 14559, 14553 and 10679; and P. leptokeras = MNTI 10684 and 10680. Note that morphologically and molecularly based species identifications for individual MNTI 14559 conflicted with each other, probably owing to an apparently aberrant papilla (see main text for more discussion). The size of the specimens corresponds to the standard length (SL), measured with digital callipers from the tip of the snout to the posterior margin of the hypural plate.
Figure 2 in Do mismatched genitalia promote mechanical isolation in syntopic species of Phalloceros fishes (Poeciliidae)?
Figure 2. Bayesian mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear (nDNA) gene trees, showing the inferred relationships among haplotypes of Phalloceros anisophallos and Phalloceros leptokeras from the Parati-Mirim River and other localities. A, mtDNA tree for the COI sequences. B, nDNA tree for the MG1 sequences. Shaded names refer to samples misidentified based on morphological criteria (see Materials and Methods). Numbers in parentheses represent the number of identical haplotypes. Other species of Phalloceros were included as reference samples, and Cnesterodon decemmaculatus and Poecilia vivipara were used to root the trees. Phalloceros anisophallos and Phalloceros leptokeras are sympatric in the Parati-Mirim and Japuíba rivers. São Roque and Paquequer correspond to the type localities of P. anisophallos and P. leptokeras, respectively (Lucinda 2008). Numbers above each branch are the estimated Bayesian posterior probabilities.
Supplement to: Isolation, identification, and structure elucidation of beta-sitosterol from Iraqi Plantago major using GC-MS, HPTLC, NMR, and FTIR
<p>Supplement to: Isolation, identification, and structure elucidation of beta-sitosterol from Iraqi Plantago major using GC-MS, HPTLC, NMR, and FTIR</p>
Acquired predator recognition via epidermal alarm cues but not dietary alarm cues by isolated pupfish
<p>We tested whether Shoshone pupfish <em>Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone</em> and Amargosa River pupfish <em>C. n. amargosae</em> respond behaviourally to conspecific chemical alarm cues released when epidermal tissue is damaged by a predator. We found that both subspecies reduced activity and vertical position in the water column in response to alarm cues. We then tested if pupfish can use alarm cues to acquire recognition of a novel predator. We trained pupfish with (1) water + odour of largemouth bass fed a diet of earthworms, (2) alarm cues from skin extract (epidermal alarm cues) + odour of bass fed a diet of earthworms, or (3) water + odour of bass fed a diet of pupfish (dietary alarm cues). Pupfish responded to epidermal alarm cues but not to dietary alarm cues. Pupfish were retested with the odour of bass that were fed an earthworm diet. Pupfish that had previously received epidermal alarm cues reduced vertical position and activity relative to the other two treatments. This is the first demonstration of acquired recognition of a novel predator by a pupfish, the first report of partial predator naiveté, and opens the possibility of predator-recognition training as a tool for management and conservation of endangered desert fishes.</p>
Cultivation and isolation of plant viruses
<p>This dataset contains a description of our cultivation, isolation and characterization of TMV from tobacco plants.</p>
FIGURE 7 in A new genus and endangered species of euptychiine butterfly from isolated mountains in southeastern Brazil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)
FIGURE 7. Map of (a) site known as Pico da Bela Adormecida (Serra do Padre Ângelo), showing the recorded fire scar of the large-scale fire of September/October 2020, in one of the collecting sites of Agojie rupicola gen. et sp. nov. (b) Part of the burned area with crops of Eucalyptus, coffee and pastures in the background. (c) Burned area at collecting site of A. rupicola gen. et sp. nov., at 1250m a.s.l. (d) Burned area at the uppermost part of the mountain, another collecting site of A. rupicola gen. et sp. nov.
FIGURE 4 in A new genus and endangered species of euptychiine butterfly from isolated mountains in southeastern Brazil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)
FIGURE 4. Wing venation of Agojie rupicola gen. et sp. nov.. Sc = subcostal vein; R = radial vein; M = median vein; CuA = cubitus anterior vein; A = anal vein; Rs = radial sector vein; hv = humeral vein. Scale bar = 1 cm.
FIGURE 1 in A new genus and endangered species of euptychiine butterfly from isolated mountains in southeastern Brazil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)
FIGURE 1. Habitat of Agojie rupicola gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) Conselheiro Pena, Serra do Padre Ângelo, Pico da Bela Adormecida, quartzitic campo rupestre: (a) Overview of the mountain, (b) Collecting site at 1250 m a.s.l., (c) Uppermost part of the mountain, known as Pico da Bela Adormecida, at 1500 m a.s.l., (d) Conselheiro Pena, Serra do Parado, nearby Vista Alegre village, quartzitic campo rupestre. (e–f) Santa Rita do Itueto, Pedra de Santa Rita, granitic inselberg: (e) Overview and (f) Specific spot where most of the individuals of A. rupicola gen. et sp. nov. were observed.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.