Find research datasets worth reusing

Figure 13 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 13. Colossobolus oblongopedus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B legs 1–7, ventral view C anterior gonopods, anterior view D anterior gonopods, posterior view. Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Gr = groove on anterior gonopod; IL = incisura lateralis; LL = lamella lingualis; Md = mandible; ms = marginal setae; sf = setiferous foveolae; St = sternite; ST = stipites; T = telopodite; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale.

Figure 21 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 21. Colossobolus pseudoaculeatus sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B telson C anterior gonopods, posterior view D anterior gonopods, anterior view E right posterior gonopod, posterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Apo = apodeme; av = anal valves; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; ma = membranous area; Md = mandible; Pre = preanal ring; St = sternite; sub = subanal scale; T = telopodite; T-Lbr = telopodite lateral branch; T-mbr = telopodite main branch; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale.

Figure 53 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 53. Living specimens of A Hylekobolus brachiosauroides sp. n., male B H. griseus sp. n., mating pair C H. albicollaris sp. n.

Figure 31 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 31. Pseudocentrobolus aureus sp. n., A–D, G, H male paratype; E, F female paratype. A head, lateral view B legs 1–7, ventral view C telson D head, antenna and collum, lateral view E second leg with vulva F female midbody ring with legs G posterior gonopods, anterior view H posterior gonopods, posterior view. av = anal valves; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; Md = mandible; mem-p = membranous process; Pre = preanal ring; St = sternite; St-Cx = coxosternite; T = telopodite; Vu = vulva. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Figure 18 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 18. Colossobolus litoralis sp. n., male holotype. A head, lateral B telson C legs 1–7, ventral view D coxae of midbody leg, posterior view E anterior gonopods, anterior view F anterior gonopods, posterior view. av = anal valves; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; LL = lamella lingualis; Md = mandible; Pre = preanal ring; St = sternite; ST = stipites; sub = subanal scale; T = telopodite; Tp = telopodite process. Not to same scale.

Figure 44 in Review of the Spirobolida on Madagascar, with descriptions of twelve new genera, including three genera of 'fire millipedes' (Diplopoda)

Figure 44. Alluviobolus laticlavius sp. n. male holotype. A head, lateral view B legs 1–7, ventral view C telson D gnathochilarium, ventral view E anterior gonopod, anterior view F right posterior gonopod, anterior view G anterior gonopod, posterior view H right posterior gonopod, telopodite, posterior view I posterior gonopods, coxite and sternite, posterior view. Apo = apodeme; av = anal valves; Co = collum; Cx = coxite; Gn = gnathochilarium; L = ledge; Md = mandible; Me = mentum; Pre = preanal ring; St = sternite; ST = stipites; sub = subanal scale; T = telopodite. Scale bars = 1 mm.

opencc-zeroJun 2020View details →

Data from: Theta oscillations coincide with sustained hyperpolarization in CA3 pyramidal cells, underlying decreased firing

Brain-state fluctuations modulate membrane potential dynamics of neurons, influencing the functional repertoire of the network. Pyramidal cells (PCs) in hippocampal CA3 are necessary for rapid memory encoding, preferentially occurring during exploratory behavior in the high-arousal theta state. However, the relationship between the membrane potential dynamics of CA3 PCs and theta has not been explored. Here, we characterize the changes in the membrane potential of PCs in relation to theta using electrophysiological recordings in awake mice. During theta, most PCs behave in a stereotypical manner, consistently hyperpolarizing time-locked to the duration of theta. Additionally, PCs display lower membrane potential variance and reduced firing rate. In contrast, during large irregular activity, a low-arousal state, PCs show heterogeneous changes in membrane potential. This suggests coordinated hyperpolarization of PCs during theta, possibly caused by increased inhibition. This could lead to higher signal-to-noise ratio in the small population of PCs active during theta as observed in ensemble recordings.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: A changing climate is snuffing out post-fire recovery in montane forests

Aim: Climate warming is increasing fire activity in many of Earth's forested ecosystems. Because fire is an important catalyst for change, investigation of post-fire vegetation response is crucial for understanding the potential for future conversions from forest to non-forest vegetation types. To better understand effects of wildfire and climate warming on forest recovery, we assessed the extent to which climate and terrain influence spatiotemporal variation in past and future post-fire tree regeneration. Location: Montane forests, Rocky Mountains, USA Time Period: 1981-2099 Taxa Studied: Pinus ponderosa; Pseudotsuga menziesii Methods: We developed a network of dendrochronological samples (n = 717) and field plots (n = 1301) from post-fire environments spanning a range of topographic and climatic settings. We then used boosted regression trees to predict annual suitability for post-fire seedling establishment and generalized linear mixed models to predict total post-fire seedling abundances, reconstructing recent trends in post-fire recovery and projecting future dynamics using three general circulation models (GCMs) under moderate and extreme emission scenarios. Results: Though 1981-2015 declines in growing season (April-September) precipitation were associated with declining suitability for seedling establishment, 2021-2099 trends in precipitation were widely variable among GCMs, leading to mixed projections of future establishment suitability. In contrast, climatic water deficit (CWD), strongly tied to warming temperature and increased evaporative demand, was projected to increase throughout our study area. Our projections strongly suggest that future increases in CWD and an increased frequency of extreme drought will reduce post-fire seedling abundances. Main Conclusions: Our findings highlight the key roles of warming and drying in declines in forest resilience to wildfire. The striking differences in projections of post-fire recovery between moderate and extreme emissions scenarios suggest that the most extreme impacts on forest resilience in the latter part of the 21st century may be mitigated with aggressive emissions reductions in the next two decades.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Retrofitting coal-fired power plants with biomass co-firing and CCS for net zero carbon emission: A plant-by-plant assessment based on GIS-LCA framework

Dataset for "Retrofitting coal-fired power plants with biomass co-firing and CCS for net zero carbon emission: A plant-by-plant assessment based on GIS-LCA framework"

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

Loss and fragmentation of fire-resistent primary forest cover in Sumatra and Kalimantan

Here we share primary forest loss and fire occurrence in Sumatra and Kalimantan covering 2001 through 2019 period. The datasets include primary forest cover fraction and active fire detection counts at 1km spatial resolution and annual time step. For details on the datasets see included README file and the following open access publication: Nikonovas et al., Near-complete loss of fire-resistant primary tropical forest cover in Sumatra and Kalimantan, Communs Earth and Environ., 1, (2020). Usage Notes Contact Tadas Nikonovas (tadas.nik@gmail.com) for questions on usage or additional details.   Acknowledgements This study forms part of the Towards a Fire Early Warning System for Indonesia (ToFEWSI) project (Oct. 2017- Oct. 2021), which is funded through the UK’s National Environment Research Council – Newton Fund on behalf of UK Research & Innovation (NE/P014801/1), Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education and the Indonesian Science Fund (Principal Investigators: Allan Spessa (UK) and Muhammad Ali Imron (Indonesia)). The ToFEWSI project is developing a suite of climate, hydrological- and agent-based models to predict the incidence of peat forest fires in Indonesia, plus new evidence-based proposals for managing fires in Indonesia.

opencc-zeroNov 2019View details →

Data from: Has gene expression neofunctionalization in the fire ant antennae contributed to queen discrimination behavior?

Queen discrimination behavior in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta maintains its two types of societies: colonies with one (monogyne) or many (polygyne) queens, yet the underlying genetic mechanism is poorly understood. This behavior is controlled by two supergene alleles, SB and Sb, with ~600 genes. Polygyne workers, having either the SB/SB or SB/Sb genotype, accept additional SB/Sb queens into their colonies but kill SB/SB queens. In contrast, monogyne workers, all SB/SB, reject all additional queens regardless of genotype. Because the SB and Sb alleles have suppressed recombination, determining which genes within the supergene mediate this differential worker behavior is difficult. We hypothesized that the alternate worker genotypes sense queens differently because of the evolution of differential expression of key genes in their main sensory organ, the antennae. To identify such genes, we sequenced RNA from four replicates of pooled antennae from three classes of workers: monogyne SB/SB, polygyne SB/SB, and polygyne SB/Sb. We identified 81 differentially expressed protein-coding genes with 13 encoding potential chemical metabolism or perception proteins. We focused on the two odorant perception genes: an odorant receptor SiOR463 and an odorant binding protein SiOBP12. We found that SiOR463 has been lost in the Sb-genome. In contrast, SiOBP12 has an Sb-specific duplication, SiOBP12b', which is expressed in the SB/Sb worker antennae, while both paralogs are expressed in the body. Comparisons with another fire ant species revealed that SiOBP12b' antennal expression is specific to S. invicta and suggests that queen discrimination may have evolved, in part, through expression neofunctionalization.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2023View details →

Plant life history data as evidence of an historical mixed-severity fire regime in Banksia woodlands

Context: The concept of the fire regime serves as an agreed upon template by which to inform understanding and management of fire-prone ecosystems globally. While observations from satellite imagery or palaeoecological proxy data can provide direct evidence of past fire regimes, they may be limited in temporal and/or spatial scale and are not available for all ecosystems. However, fire-related plant trait and demographic data offers an alternative approach to understand species-fire regime associations at the ecosystem scale. Aims: We aimed to quantify the life history strategies and associated fire regimes for six co-occurring shrub and tree species from fire-prone, Mediterranean climate Banksia woodlands in southwestern Australia. Methods: We collected static demographic data on size structure, seedling recruitment, and plant mortality across sites of varying time since last fire. We combined demographic data with key fire-related species traits to define plant life history strategies. We then compared observed life histories with a priori expectations for surface, stand-replacing, and mixed-severity fire regime types to infer historical fire regime associations.Key results: Fire-killed shrubs and weakly serotinous trees had abundant post-fire seedling recruitment, but also developed multi-cohort populations during fire-free periods via inter-fire seedling recruitment. Resprouting shrubs had little seedling recruitment at any time, even following fire, and showed no signs of decline in the long absence of fire likely due to their very long lifespans. Conclusions: The variation in life history strategies for these six co-occurring species is consistent with known ecological strategies to cope with high variation in fire intervals in a mixed-severity fire regime. While resprouting and strong post-fire seedling recruitment indicate a tolerance of frequent fire, inter-fire recruitment and weak serotiny is interpreted as a bet-hedging strategy to cope with occasional long fire-free periods that may otherwise exceed adult and seed bank lifespans. Implications: Our findings suggest that Banksia woodlands have evolved with highly variable fire intervals in a mixed-severity fire regime. Further investigations of species adaptations to varying fire size and patchiness can help extend our understanding of fire regime tolerances.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Lookout Fire Time-Lapse Video Taken from the Roswell Communication Tower for the Period of Record Aug. 10 - Oct. 23, 2023.

A lightning strike fire started on Saturday, August 5, within the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, between the base of Lookout cliff and the ridge dividing Lookout and Mack Creek drainages.  As of today, August 7, the fire is 2.5 acres. Two helicopters are traveling between the Blue River reservoir and the fire carrying water. The plan is to keep knocking back the fire until ground crews can get a line around it and contain it.  It is burning in steep terrain, in old growth with dense understory, which is making it a challenge for experienced ground crews.  In addition to the helicopters, a hotshot crew has been assigned to the fire, most likely starting August 8.These images were taken from remote based StarDot and NetCam IP cameras positioned 13 meters up the Roswell Communication tower located in the north east side of the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest. The HJAHQCAM video was recorded from a StarDot camera positioned on top of the HJ Andrews main office building. Andrews Forest LTER collected and manged these data in real-time and compiled a final time-lapse video of each camera using a multi-threaded python program.Additional Resources: <a href="https://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/about/news-events/lookout-fire-updates-2023">Andrews Forest LTER</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@AndrewsForest/playlists">Andrews Forest Youtube</a> <a href="https://inciweb.wildfire.gov/incident-information/orwif-lookout-fire">InciWeb</a>This material is based upon work supported by the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest and Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program under the NSF grant LTER8 DEB-2025755.

opencc-zeroNov 2023View details →

Data from: Thinning and prescribed burning increase shade-tolerant conifer regeneration in a fire excluded mixed-conifer forest

Fire exclusion and past management have altered the composition, structure, and function of frequent-fire forests throughout western North America. In mixed-conifer forests of the California Sierra Nevada, fire exclusion has exacerbated the effects of drought and endemic bark beetles, resulting in extensive mortality of fire-adapted pine species. Thinning and prescribed fire are widely used in these forests to reduce fuels, moderate fire behavior, and restore ecosystems. Tree regeneration influences future forest composition and structure, and therefore future resilience to disturbances, but long-term effects of thinning and prescribed burning on tree regeneration after prolonged fire exclusion are poorly understood. We measured tree regeneration one year prior to, and periodically for 16 years following thinning and prescribed burning in a mixed-conifer forest in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. We asked three questions. How did the composition and density of tree regeneration change after thinning and prescribed burning? Did pretreatment vegetation types influence conifer regeneration density after treatments? Did planting after overstory thinning increase regeneration density of native pine species? Sixteen years after treatments, combined natural regeneration of shade-tolerant white fir (Abies concolor) and incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) averaged 2,032 trees per hectare (tph) after understory thinning, and 7,745 tph after understory thinning combined with prescribed burning, increases of 37% and 146% from pretreatment densities. In contrast, combined natural regeneration of white fir and incense-cedar averaged 497 tph after overstory thinning, 780 tph after overstory thinning with prescribed burning, 113 tph after prescribed burning alone, and 807 tph in untreated controls, all of which were declines from pretreatment densities. Natural regeneration of white fir and incense-cedar was consistently an order of magnitude greater than Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) and sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana), whose combined densities 16 years after treatments averaged 37 tph across treatments and did not significantly respond to thinning and/or prescribed burning. Natural conifer regeneration after treatments varied by pre-treatment vegetation type (closed canopy, Ceanothus cordulatus shrub-dominated, and open sparse), with large increases of natural regeneration after understory thinning in closed canopy and Ceanothus shrub vegetation types. Planting increased sugar pine regeneration density after overstory thinning, marginally increased Jeffrey pine regeneration after overstory thinning combined with prescribed burning, and increased white fir regeneration after overstory thinning with and without burning. No treatments reduced white fir and incense-cedar natural regeneration while simultaneously increasing natural pine regeneration, suggesting new thinning, burning, and planting approaches may be required to meet regeneration restoration objectives.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2023View details →

Global seed dormancy patterns are driven by macroclimate but not fire regime

<ul><li>Seed dormancy maximizes plant recruitment in habitats with variation in environmental suitability for seedling establishment. Yet, we still lack a comprehensive synthesis of the macroecological drivers of nondormancy and the different classes of seed dormancy: physiological dormancy, morphophysiological dormancy and physical dormancy.</li><li>We examined current geographic patterns and environmental correlates of global seed dormancy variation. Combining the most updated data set on seed dormancy classes for > 10 000 species with > 4 million georeferenced species occurrences covering all of the world's biomes, we test how this distribution is driven by climate and fire regime.</li><li>Seed dormancy is prevalent in seasonally cold and dry climates. Physiological dormancy occurs in relatively dry climates with high temperature seasonality (e.g. temperate grasslands). Morphophysiological dormancy is more common in forest-dominated, cold biomes with comparatively high and evenly distributed precipitation. Physical dormancy is associated with dry climates with strong seasonal temperature and precipitation fluctuations (e.g. deserts and savannas). Nondormancy is associated with stable, warm and wetter climates (e.g. tropical rain forest). Pyroclimate had no significant effect on the distribution of seed dormancy.</li><li>The environmental drivers considered in this study had a comparatively low predictive power, suggesting that macroclimate is just one of several global drivers of seed dormancy.</li></ul>

ROSSyndicate Cameron Peak Fire (CPF) reservoir water quality data: Latest Release: 2021- 11/2023 Dataset

Data Description: The majority of this dataset is water chemistry grab sample data collected post-Cameron Peak Fire in the Cache la Poudre Watershed between the years of 2021 and 2023. This dataset also includes historical data collected pre Cameron Peak Fire by the Rhoades lab at the US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. These data are focused on basic water quality parameters, as well as cations and anions. Data were collected at various reservoirs in the Cache la Poudre watershed as well as the mainstem of the Cache la Poudre River. This project is ongoing and additional data will be released as it is analyzed. Background Information: The 2020 Cameron Peak wildfire (CPF) was the largest wildfire in Colorado history at over 200,000 acres. The CPF burned a large proportion of the Cache la Poudre watershed, in particular areas surrounding high elevation reservoirs. This work is funded to support ongoing source water protection programs by the City of Fort Collins, Greeley, Thornton and Northern Water. In collaboration with the Rocky Mountain Research Station (USFS, RMRS), we are sampling various reservoir, tributary, and mainstem sites of the Cache la Poudre watershed. This field campaign allows us to analyze trends in water quality focusing on nutrients and other key constituents mobilized post-fire. The goal of this project is to understand how these nutrients affect algal growth in reservoirs and how those changes are propagated downstream. The reservoirs studied are the following: Barnes Meadow Reservoir, Chambers Lake, Comanche Reservoir, Hourglass Reservoir, Joe Wright Reservoir, Long Draw Reservoir, and Peterson Lake. Historical data (prior to 2021) was collected by the Rhoades Lab at the USFS' Rocky Mountain Research Station. The primary data file is data/cleaned/CPF_reservoir_chemistry_up_to_202301027.csv. Column definitions and units are defined in the file metadata/Units_Cam_Peak.xlsx. Methods used to collect these data are outline below or in metadata/rmrs_procedures.png Location metadata file is data/metadata/cpf_sites.csv. A basic map showing all sampling locations is available at cpf_sites_map.html. Code is housed in the scripts folder and contains the following files: -   00_analysis_setup.R provides loads packages and metadata files to be collated in 01_chem_prep.qmd. -   01_chem_prep.qmd adds metadata to most recent .csv of water chemistry data supplied by RMRS lab. -   distance_finder.R uses NHDflowlines to calculate distances from furthest downstream site, PBD. -   cpf_sites_map.R uses location metadata to create cpf_sites_map.html -   demo.R provides an example of how to download data from Zenodo directly in RStudio Data are housed in the data folder and it contains the following: -   cleaned: This folder contains the most recently available dataset and has associated burn severity and location data added to the chemistry data. The addition of the metadata was accomplished using the `01_chem_prep.qmd` R script. -   cleaned_archive: This folder contains an archive of previously cleaned data. Downstream users are encouraged to use the collated data file `CPF_reservoir_chemistry_up_to_20231027.csv` in the `cleaned` directory. -   raw: These data were directly received by the ROSSyndicate from RMRS lab managers. Downstream users are encouraged to use the collated data file `CPF_reservoir_chemistry_up_to_20231027.csv` in the `cleaned` directory. -   metadata: this contains location data, parameter/column name definitions, units, and methods used at the RMRS Lab. The `README` file in this folder explains burn severity classifications used in the files `sbs_watershed.csv`,`sbs_watershed.csv` and `cpf_sites.csv` Sample Collection Field measurements were taken using a Thermo Orion Star with RDO Optical and Conductivity probes. Time data, when present, are listed in MST. Samples were collected and processed using the Rocky Mountain Research Station's Biogeochemistry Lab, overseen by Timothy Fegel and Charles Rhoades, according to the methods described in rmrs_procedures.png Version: v2023.12.13

Fire of the Sky

Winner in the 2023 IAU OAE Astrophotography Contest, category Still images with smartphones-mobile devices: Fire of the Sky, by Stephanie Ziyi Ye. In the serene landscapes of Lofoten, Norway on 28 March 2023, the sky was set ablaze by the aurora. The Northern (Southern) Lights, also known as aurorae, are natural light displays resulting from interactions between solar winds and Earth’s magnetic fields, as charged particles are redirected towards the north and south pole regions. In Norse legends, they are often depicted as a heavenly fire. In this scene, the celestial show is beautifully complemented by the silhouette of a lighthouse, as if the lighthouse ignited the mesmerising display overhead. Caught off-guard by this dazzling spectacle, the photographer swiftly captured the moment with a smartphone. This is a testament to the breathtaking surprises nature offers and the impressive capabilities of modern devices. Credit: Stephanie Ziyi Ye/IAU OAE (<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">CC BY 4.0</a>)

Supplemental Movie 2: Clustered Ca2+ transients (CTCs) in gastric ICC-MY occur from multiple firing sites.

Supplemental Movie 2: Clustered Ca2+ transients (CTCs) in gastric ICC-MY occur from multiple firing sites.  ICC-MY in the gastric antrum firing of CTCs and imaged at high resolution with a spinning disk confocal microscope using a 60x objective. Ca2+ signals were monitored in a gastric muscle from a mouse with the genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator, GCaMP6f, expressed exclusively in ICC. The left panel shows typical stellate-shaped ICC-MY with multiple interconnecting processes. The middle panel shows the Ca2+ particle (PTCL) activity, color coded in blue for raw PTCLs, and the centroids of particles are indicated in purple and green indicates Ca2+ firing sites. There are multiple sites firing Ca2+ transients during the CTCs.  The right panel shows an occurrence map of color-coded initiation/firing sites. The pattern of firing sites Ca2+ activity was temporally clustered as activation of Ca2+ transients swept through the network of ICC-MY.  The onset of the CTCs was explosive, and then asynchronous firing of occurred at multiple sites and was sustained for more than 2 sec.  Note also the complete quiescence of firing immediately upon conclusion of a CTC (absolute refractory period) and then sporadic initiation of firing with time.  It is the re-initiation of firing that sets off the next CTC by activating ANO1 channels, depolarization and activation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ current (see text for details).  Reformatted with permission from reference (106).

Supplemental Movie 4: Subtypes of ICC-IM with different Ca2+ firing patterns in the IAS.

Supplemental Movie 4:  Subtypes of ICC-IM with different Ca2+ firing patterns in the IAS Video from the distal edge of the internal anal sphincter (IAS) from a mouse expressing GCaMP6f exclusively in ICC using a 20x objective. Active ICC-IM show 2 patterns of Ca2+ transients.  Type I cells (* and green text) displayed stochastic Ca2+ transients with short distances of spatial spread.  Type II cells (* and yellow text) showed whole-cell flashes of activity. The still image and spatio-temporal (ST) maps (derived from the highlighted cells) and Ca2+ traces shown in Fig. 20A-E were generated from this recording.  Data correspond to figure in reference (136).