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14,063 results for “care”
Dataset for "Using Adaptive Immersive Environments to Stimulate Emotional Expression and Connection in Dementia Care: Insights from User Perspectives towards SENSE-GARDEN"
<p>This dataset contains all qualitative interview data recorded from early stage research on an adaptive, immersive, multi-sensory intervention that is being developed for people living with dementia (SENSE-GARDEN). 52 semi-structured interviews were conducted with people living with mild cognitive impairment, informal caregivers, and professional caregivers across Belgium, Norway, Portugal, and Romania. The aim of these interviews was to collect initial user responses towards SENSE-GARDEN. </p> <p>The pdf file "Registration Sheet and Interview Questions" lists the questions that were asked during the interviews. The excel file "Interview Data with Thematic Analysis" contains all raw interview data with ideas, notes, and codes made during thematic analysis. The first three sheets in the file correspond to the user type (Person with mild cognitive impairment/Informal Caregiver/Professional Caregiver). The fourth sheet, "Overall themes", gives an overview of each theme, subtheme, and relevant quotes belonging to these themes. </p> <p>This research was conducted as part of a larger project. The SENSE-GARDEN project (AAL/Call2016/054-b/2017, implementation period June 2017 - May 2020) is funded by AAL Programme, co-funded by the European Commission and National Funding Authorities of Norway, Belgium, Romania, and Portugal. </p>
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) uptake and Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) uptake among adults receiving primary HIV care in South Africa .
<p>We aimed to evaluate Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) and tuberculin skin testing (TST) uptake under primary care clinic conditions, and determine health care worker (HCW) fidelity to the 2014 South African IPT guidelines. Following training on IPT guidelines and tuberculin skin testing (TST), 3 primary care clinics identified their IPT implementation strategy in a participatory manner. Using routine register data, TST uptake was determined 3 months before and 5 months after the intervention. Records were reviewed to identify IPT/TST uptake and factors associated with IPT initiation among adults living with HIV.</p>
Facility ownership and mortality among older adults residing in care homes
<p>Dataset, STATA do-file, and R script to replicate the findings of the following article:</p> <p>Damián J, Pastor-Barriuso R, García-López FJ, Ruigómez A, Martínez-Martín P, de Pedro-Cuesta J. Facility ownership and mortality among older adults residing in care homes. PLoS One 2019</p>
Systematic review of the appropriateness of eye care delivery in eye care practice
<p>Data collected from the included literature (n=57).</p>
Benchmark circuits used in the work entitled "Don't-care-based node minimization for threshold logic networks"
<p>Benchmark circuits used in the work entitled "Don't-care-based node minimization for threshold logic networks".<br> There are two sets of threshold logic networks (TLNs), K6 and K15, generated with the method proposed in Effective Logic Synthesis Flow for Threshold Logic Circuit Design (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8355999) by Augusto Neutzling, et al.<br> In K6, each node has at most 6 fanins.<br> In K15, each node has at most 15 fanins.</p> <p>Contents:<br> ori/blif: Original TLNs in the blif format.<br> ori/th: Original TLNs in the threshold logic format.<br> opt/blif: Optimized TLNs in the blif format.<br> opt/th: Optimized TLNs in the threshold logic format.</p>
Figure2 in Analysis of Behavioural Patterns of the Amazonian Manatee, Trichechus manatus manatus, under Human Care (Mammalia:Sirenia)
Figure2. Distribution of respiratory frequencies (diving phases) for each manatee
Figure1 in Analysis of Behavioural Patterns of the Amazonian Manatee, Trichechus manatus manatus, under Human Care (Mammalia:Sirenia)
Figure1. Map of the manatee tank with current and spatial zones (edited © Nuremberg Zoo 2012)
Enhancing Collaborative Care in Schizophrenia: A Comparative Analysis of ICF Core Sets Assessments by Occupational Therapy and Mental Health Social Work Students
<p>This repository contains the R code, dataset, and README file for the network analysis of ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health) assessments. The study compares the assessments conducted by occupational therapy students and mental health social work students, analyzing centrality measures and Bridge Expected Influence within their respective networks.</p>
Datasets and codes for 'Heat stress effects on offspring compound across parental care'
<p>This repository contains the datasets and code associated with the manuscript, 'Heat Stress Effects on Offspring Compound Across Parental Care.' For inquiries regarding this repository, please contact the corresponding author, Syuan-Jyun Sun (<a rel="noopener">sjs243@ntu.edu.tw</a>).</p>
Supporting information for: The Time Requirements for Primary Care Consultations: Initial Sick Child Visits in Low- and Middle-income Countries Using the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) Clinical Algorithm
<p>Few studies have examined the time required for primary care consultations; none have focused on sick child visits in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This project begins to fill that gap by providing evidence-based estimates of the time needed for initial visits with under-five infants and children at public or not-for-profit facilities in countries using the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) clinical algorithm.</p> <p>Estimates of the mean expected duration of IMCI consultations require (a) classification profiles, i.e., tabulations of the gold standard health issues presented by patients less than 5 years old; (b) lists of the tasks included in applicable versions of the IMCI algorithm and the conditions that elicit them, and (c) an estimate of the time needed to perform tasks with no pre-defined minimum duration. The latter requires, in addition to classification profiles, information on rates of task performance and the mean observed duration of consultations.</p> <p>The IMCI clinical algorithm and the research surrounding it provide unusually rich sources of such information. Developed in the mid 1990s by the World Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund, the IMCI algorithm seeks to reduce child mortality in LMICs by improving the technical quality of primary care services. For infants less than 2 months old, the algorithm focuses on bacterial infections, feeding problems, low weight, and, in some versions, jaundice. For children 2-59 months old, the foci include acute respiratory infections, especially pneumonia; diarrhea; fevers, especially malaria and measles; malnutrition, and anemia. Immunization status is a concern for both age groups. The algorithm provides a scheme to classify the health issues with which infants and children present, an array of tasks providers may be expected perform, and criteria by which tasks are elicited. Research on the design and utility of the algorithm, its effects on provider performance, and related topics furnishes data on the prevalence of gold standard IMCI classifications in a variety of patient populations. In some cases, it also enables one to calculate the time required to perform tasks.</p> <p>I found such information by searching MEDLINE, the database of the International Network for Rational Use of Medicines, the websites of the WHO and its regional offices, GOOGLE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR using search terms such as ‘Integrated Management of Childhood Illness’, ‘observational’, ‘prospective’, ‘classification’, ‘clinical signs’, ‘health facility survey’, and ‘validity’. I also reviewed studies that cited a qualified study and, conversely, material included in the bibliographies of qualified studies.</p> <p>The supplemental information files contain the following:</p> <p>WORKBOOK S1_STUDIES USED</p> <p>Lists features of, and sources for, the studies used to construct classification profiles and to estimate the time required to perform the average task with no predefined minimum duration. With 2 exceptions (see below, DATA S1 and DATA S2), all the studies have been published or are readily available on the internet. None of the data can be used to identify individuals.</p> <p>DATA S1_REPORT OF THE HEALTH FACILITY SURVEY IN BOTSWANA, 2007-08 and DATA S2_REPORT OF THE HEALTH FACILITY SURVEY IN TANZANIA, 2003</p> <p>PDF files of Health Facility Survey reports that were found on the internet but have since been taken down.</p> <p>DATA S3_BURKINA FASO CHART BOOKLET, 2015</p> <p>PDF provided <span>Drs. Sophie Sarrassat (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) and Serge M. A. Somda (Université Nazi BONI).</span></p> <p>WORKBOOK S2_CLASSIFICATION PROFILES: INFANTS; WORKBOOK S3_CLASSIFICATION PROFILES: CHILDREN IN UPPER MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; WORKBOOK S4_CLASSIFICATION PROFILES: CHILDREN IN LOWER MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES (I); WORKBOOK S5_CLASSIFICATION PROFILES: CHILDREN IN LOWER MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES (II), and WORKBOOK S6_CLASSIFICATION PROFILES: CHILDREN IN LOW INCOME COUNTRIES </p> <p>The design of the worksheets in these workbooks is described in TEXT S1_NOTES OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF CLASSIFICATION PROFILES (see below).</p> <p>WORKBOOK S7_IMCI CLINICAL TASKS</p> <p>Lists the clinical tasks provided by relevant IMCI algorithms for the care of infants and children. Consists of 6 worksheets covering mandatory tasks, conditional assessments, and treatment and counseling tasks for infants and children.</p> <p>WORKBOOK S8_MINUTES PER TASK WITH NO MINIMUM DURATION</p> <p>Provides estimate of the mean time required to perform a task with no minimum duration for each of 7 populations for which the required data are available, corrected, where necessary, for the effect of an observer on the rate and pace of task performance. Also provides a geometric mean for all 7 populations.</p> <p>TEXT S1_NOTES ON METHODOLOGY</p> <p>WORD document describing the steps involved in estimating the expected durations of consultations.</p> <p>TEXT S2_NOTES OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF CLASSIFICATION PROFILES</p> <p>WORD document describing the steps involved in constructing each profile, problems encountered, and how they were solved.</p> <p>TEXT S3_NOTES ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF IMCI CLINICAL TASKS</p> <p>WORD document describing the standards used in identifying clinical tasks in IMCI algorithms.</p> <p>TEXT S4_NOTES ON THE ESTIMATION OF MINUTES PER TASK WITH NO MINIMUM DURATION</p> <p>WORD document describing the steps involved in estimating the mean time required to perform a task with no predefined minimum duration, problems encountered, and how they were solved.</p>
Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a pre-clinic vital signs assessment in primary care: a pilot study.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Datasets used in CARE
<p>CARE datasets and splits to be used with the camera-ready version in NeurIPS Datasets and Benchmarks track (October 30, 2024).</p>
Power and punishment influence negotiations over parental care
Asymmetries in power, the ability to influence the outcome of conflict, are ubiquitous in social interactions because interacting individuals are rarely identical. It is well-documented that asymmetries in power influence the outcome of reproductive conflict in social groups. Yet power asymmetries have received little attention in the context of negotiations between caring parents, which is surprising given that parents are often markedly different in size. Here we built on an existing negotiation model to examine how power and punishment influence negotiations over care. We incorporated power asymmetry by allowing the more powerful parent, rank 1, to inflict punishment on the less powerful parent, rank 2. We then determined when punishment will be favored by selection and how it would affect the negotiated behavioral response of each parent. We found that with power and punishment, a reduction in one parent's effort results in partial compensation by the other parent. However, the degree of compensation is asymmetric: the rank 2 compensates more than the rank 1. As a result, the fitness of rank 1 increases and the fitness of rank 2 decreases, relative to the original negotiation model. Furthermore, because power and punishment enable one parent to extract greater effort from the other, offspring can do better, i.e. receive more total effort, when there is power and punishment involved in negotiations over care. These results reveal how power and punishment alter the outcome of conflict between parents and affect offspring, providing insights into the evolutionary consequences of exerting power in negotiations.
Data from: Population-based screening for hepatitis C antibodies and active infection using a point-of-care test in a low prevalence area
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Background.</b> Data on the true prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>general population is essential to health policies. We evaluated a program implementing free universal HCV screening using a non-invasive point-of-care test (POCT) (OraQuick-HCV rapid test) in oral fluid in an urban area in Valencia, South-Eastern Spain. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Methods.</b> A cross-sectional study was performed during 2015-2017. Free HCV screening was offered by regular mail to 11,500 individuals aged 18 and over, randomly selected from all census residents in the Health Department. All responding participants filled in a questionnaire about HCV infection risk factors and were tested in their tertiary Hospital. In those with a positive POCT, results were confirmed by enzyme-immunoassay and HCV-RNA.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results.</b> 1,206 persons agreed to participate (response rate: 11.16%). HCV antibodies were detected in 19 (1.60%) cases (age-sex standardized rate: 1.31%; 95%CI: 0.82-2.07), but only 8 showed positive HCV-RNA (age-sex standardized rate: 0.56%; 95%CI: 0.28-1.14). The majority (89%) of the cases were born before 1965 and 74% had at least one known risk factor for HCV infection. All anti-HCV positive individuals were already aware of their infection, and no undiagnosed cases were detected. The performance of the POCT was excellent for detecting active infection. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Conclusions.</b> These preliminary data suggest that HCV population screening with a POCT is feasible but, in our setting, mailing recruiting is not effective (11% response rate). The low prevalence of HCV antibodies and active infection in the participant population (with no new diagnoses made) suggests that, in our setting, underdiagnosis may be uncommon.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Files uploaded include the study database (Stata v.13) and the do.file of the study.</b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Maternity uncertainty in cobreeding beetles: females lay more and larger eggs and provide less care
<p>Cobreeding, which occurs when multiple females breed together, is likely to be associated with uncertainty over maternity of offspring in the joint brood, preventing females from directing resources towards their own offspring. Cobreeding females may respond to such uncertainty by shifting their investment towards the stages of offspring development when they are certain of maternity and away from those stages where uncertainty is greater. Here we examined how uncertainty of maternity influences investment decisions of cobreeding females by comparing cobreeding and single breeding females in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides; a species in which females can breed together on a single carcass but cannot recognise their own offspring. We found that cobreeding females shifted investment towards the egg stage of offspring development by laying more and larger eggs than females breeding alone. Furthermore, cobreeding females reduced their investment to post-hatching care of larvae by spending less time providing care than females breeding alone. We show that females can respond to the presence of a competitor by shifting allocation towards egg laying and away from post-hatching care, thereby directing resources to their own offspring. Our results demonstrate that responses to parentage uncertainty are not restricted to males, but that, unlike males, females respond by shifting their investment to different components of reproduction within a single breeding attempt. Such flexibility may allow individuals to cope with a variety of negative social or physical environments</p>
Primary-level worker interventions for the care of mental disorders and distress in low- and middle-income countries - GRADE evidence profiles
<p>This file includes all GRADE evidence profiles for the following Cochrane review:</p> <p>van Ginneken N, Chin WY, Lim YC, Ussif A, Singh R, Shahmalak U, Purgato M, Rojas-García A, Uphoff E, McMullen S, Foss HS, Thapa Pachya A, Rashidian L, Borghesani A, Henschke N, Chong L-Y, Lewin S. Primary-level worker interventions for the care of mental disorders and distress in low- and middle-income countries. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. In press</p>
Negotiations Over Parental Care: A Test of Alternative Hypotheses in the Clown Anemonefish
<p>In species with biparental care, conflict arises over how much each parent provides to their offspring because both parents benefit from shifting the burden of care to the other. Here, we tested alternative hypotheses for how parents will negotiate offspring care using a wild population of clownfish (Amphiprion percula). We experimentally handicapped parents by fin-clipping the female in 23 groups, the male in 23 groups, and neither parent in 23 groups and measured changes in indicators of female, male, and pair effort in response to handicapping. First, we found that handicapping resulted in a decrease in the number of eggs laid by fin-clipped females and a decrease in the amount of parental care by fin-clipped males. Second, contrary to predictions, female effort did not change in response to the male being handicapped, or vice versa. Finally, the number of embryos that matured to hatching, an indicator of pair effort, was not influenced by the manipulation, suggesting that although the handicap was effective, clownfish do not face the predicted "cost to conflict" when one parent is handicapped. Together, these results test the generality of theoretical predictions and uncover novel questions about whether and how negotiations operate in systems where interests are aligned.</p>
Accompanying data set for the manuscript "REverSe TRanscrIptase Chain Termination (RESTRICT) for Selective Measurement of Nucleotide Analogs Used in HIV Care and Prevention"
<p>This data set contains all experimental and theoretical data included in the manuscript " REverSe TRanscrIptase Chain Termination (RESTRICT) for Selective Measurement of Nucleotide Analogs Used in HIV Care and Prevention", namely:</p> <p>RESTRICT_model: MATLAB script for completing calculations in the RESTRICT theoretical model.</p> <p>Figure 2:</p> <ul> <li>Raw data from theoretical model showing contributions of individual model components, Kaff = 0.3</li> <li>Normalized data from theoretical model showing contributions of individual model components, Kaff = 0.3</li> <li>Experimental NRTI Drug Screen 180 nt TTCA 500 nM dNTP</li> </ul> <p>Figure 3:</p> <ul> <li>Experiment-dNTP-Concentration-Screen</li> <li>Theory-dNTP-Concentration-Screen</li> <li>Experiment-Template-Length-Screen</li> <li>Theory-Template-Length-Screen</li> <li>Experiment-Sequence-Screen</li> <li>Theory-Sequence-Screen</li> </ul> <p>Figure 4:</p> <ul> <li>Experimental-NRTI-Drug-Screen-90nt-TCAA-only</li> <li>Theory-TCAA90-Kaff=0point2</li> <li>Experimental-NRTI-Drug-Screen-GGCA-only</li> <li>Theory-GGCA180-Kaff=0point2</li> </ul> <p>Figure 5:</p> <ul> <li>GGCA-vs-TTCA-Specificity-Analysis</li> </ul>
A concept for FAIR clinical medication data usage - From care to research with OMOP: literature list of OHDSI studies
<p>This list of papers has been reviewed for the usage of drug data and to answer the question on what drug level the study was done. </p> <p>We checked whether drug ingredient level or drug component with dose and unit was required for the studies. </p>
Temporal and regional trends of antibiotic use in long-term aged care facilities across 39 countries, 1985-2019: systematic review and meta-analysis
<p><b>Background</b></p> <p>Antibiotic misuse is a key contributor to antimicrobial resistance and a concern in long-term aged care facilities (LTCFs). Our objectives were to: i) summarise key indicators of systemic antibiotic use and appropriateness of use, and ii) examine temporal and regional variations in antibiotic use, in LTCFs (PROSPERO registration CRD42018107125).</p> <p><b>Methods & Findings</b></p> <p>Medline and EMBASE were searched for studies published between 1990-2021 reporting antibiotic use rates in LTCFs. Random effects meta-analysis provided pooled estimates of antibiotic use rates (percentage of residents on an antibiotic on a single day [point prevalence] and over 12 months [period prevalence]; percentage of appropriate prescriptions). Meta-regression examined associations between antibiotic use, year of measurement and region. </p> <p>A total of 90 articles representing 78 studies from 39 countries with data between 1985-2019 were included. Pooled estimates of point prevalence and 12-month period prevalence were 5.2% (95% CI: 3.3-7.9; n=523,171) and 62.0% (95% CI: 54.0-69.3; n=946,127), respectively. Point prevalence varied significantly between regions (Q=224.1, df=7, p<0.001), and ranged from 2.4% (95% CI: 1.7-2.7) in Eastern Europe to 9.0% in the British Isles (95% CI: 7.6-10.5) and Northern Europe (95% CI: 7.7-10.5). Twelve-month period prevalence varied significantly between region (Q=15.1, df-3, p=0.002) and ranged from 53.9% (95% CI: 48.3-59.4) in the British Isles to 68.3% (95% CI: 63.6-72.7) in Australia. Meta-regression found no association between year of measurement and antibiotic use prevalence. The pooled estimate of the percentage of appropriate antibiotic prescriptions was 28.5% (95% CI: 10.3-58.0; n=17,245) as assessed by the McGeer criteria. Year of measurement was associated with decreasing appropriateness of antibiotic use over time (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.91). The most frequently used antibiotic classes were penicillins (n=44 studies), cephalosporins (n=36), sulphonamides/trimethoprim (n=31), and quinolones (n=28). </p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>Coordinated efforts focusing on LTCFs are required to address antibiotic misuse in LTCFs. Our analysis provides overall baseline and regional estimates for future monitoring of antibiotic use in LTCFs. </p>
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OpenNeuro
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