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Figure 6 in Application Of Lichen Functional Traits In Identification Of Temperate Old-Growth Broad-Leaved Forests
Figure 6. Lichen growth forms in old (oldgrowth), middle (middleaged) and young broadleaved forest stands.
Figure 9 in Application Of Lichen Functional Traits In Identification Of Temperate Old-Growth Broad-Leaved Forests
Figure 9. Lichen photobiont type in old (oldgrowth), middle (middleaged) and young broadleaved forest stands.
Figure 8 in Application Of Lichen Functional Traits In Identification Of Temperate Old-Growth Broad-Leaved Forests
Figure 8. Lichen reproduction type in old (oldgrowth), middle (middleaged) and young broadleaved forest stands.
Figure 2 in Application Of Lichen Functional Traits In Identification Of Temperate Old-Growth Broad-Leaved Forests
Figure 2. Sample plot. Abbreviations: S – South, N – North. Arrow shows the direction of the sampling in transect. Tree number shows the order of surveyed trees.
Figure 5 in Application Of Lichen Functional Traits In Identification Of Temperate Old-Growth Broad-Leaved Forests
Figure 5. Number of lichen taxa with category of conservation concern in old (oldgrowth), middle (middleaged) and young broadleaved forest stands.
Fig. 4 in Positive Effect Of Compost Application On Oil Pumpkins Growth And Zinc Enrichment
Fig. 4. Zinc accumulation in pumpkin seeds, depending on the level of zinc in compost (no significant differences; p> 0,05).
Fig. 1 in Positive Effect Of Compost Application On Oil Pumpkins Growth And Zinc Enrichment
Fig. 1. Variation in mean temperatures during vegetation season (in May-August), 2016 compared with the average multi-annual temperature DV (Galvonaitė et al. 2013).
Fig 3 in Conceptual Application Of Dytiscus Latissimus Linnaeus, 1758 (Dytiscidae, Coleoptera) Gathering Methods In Natural Habitat
Fig 3. The result of uncontrolled use of fishing Fig 4. First success. Alive D.latissimus males tackle by fish. Handful of dead D.latissimus and C. lateralimarginalis
Fig.1. Funnel trap for gathering living RESULTS AND DISCUSSION D.latissimus a in Conceptual Application Of Dytiscus Latissimus Linnaeus, 1758 (Dytiscidae, Coleoptera) Gathering Methods In Natural Habitat
Fig.1. Funnel trap for gathering living RESULTS AND DISCUSSION D.latissimus a result of the individual (from Jan G.M. Cuppen and other): As many years application of the material gathering methods was 1 – float; 2- rubber; 3 – aeration net; a possibility to catch on regular and predictable 4 – entrance Ø 30 mm. basis a required number of animals for our laboratory research. itself. This can be identified from locating specific cuts on it. (Vahrusevs 2009) The key to a successful egg collection is a search of the plants used by beetles during their Below is an example from field notes of catching reproduction period, as well as the correct beetles during the autumn season: locating of clutches. Such plants in our reservoir "The research on the reservoir was done during under study are Carex acuta, Carex rostrata, 11.10.2009 - 28.10.2009. Caltha palustris. One has to identify suitable plants in the locations of beetles' clutches The weather conditions were favourable. It was (usually located on the sunny side along the quite warm and windless all this time in order to coast of a water reservoir). The person gathering work comfortably. Water temperature was +7-8 ŗ the material has to grasp with fingers the C. We worked as usual on the proven location. underwater part of the identified plant stem Coordinates in Google Earth (latitude 55 ° 52'33 reaching almost to its base, and slowly palpate it.95 "C; longitude 26 ° 35'18.78" H). by letting it through the fingers in the upwards direction. The upwards direction is imperative, We prepared the traps in advance (they had to as stems of many sedge plants have microscopic be repaired and mended, and modernized a little. thorns which are rooting upwards. If this method (Fig.2.). is not followed, an injury of a palm can occur. A stem of the plant which has protruding bumps We took along 21 trap to the water reservoir. The on it guarantees the presence of a clutch. A stem bait was pieces of beef heart. The traps were in its normal condition is usually smooth and placed along the coastline. The first "throw" was often flat. Such plants as Caltha palustris which kept in the water for almost a week with regular have fleshy stem are to be studied in addition check ups made every day or every second day. visually as eggs can be located inside the stem Traps were installed partly dipped under water.
FIGURE 3. Quantitative burrow properties. A in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 3. Quantitative burrow properties. A) Measurements were taken for number of surface openings (SO), burrow slope (S), maximum depth (D), total length (L), tunnel, shaft, and chamber width (w), height (h), and circumference (c), and branching angles (BA). B) Complexity includes the number of segments (s), chambers (h), and surface openings (e) within a single burrow system. C) Tortuosity of a single burrow segment is found by dividing the total length (u) by the straight-line distance (v) from end to end. Modified from Hembree (2019).
FIGURE 7 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 7. Burrow morphology: architecture and bioglyphs. A) Simple subhorizontal burrow of Hadrurus arizonensis with a single entrance. B) Helical subhorizontal burrow of H. arizonensis with a single entrance. C) Simple subhorizontal burrow of Pandinus imperator with a single entrance. D) Branching subhorizontal burrow of P. imperator with a single entrance. E) Branching, helical burrow of P. imperator with a large terminal chamber (at arrow). F) Mazework of H. arizonensis with multiple branches and two entrances (at arrows). G) Multiple, fine striations (at arrows) along, and parallel to, the shaft of a Gorgyrella inermis burrow. H) Pair of protrusions (at arrows) on the roof of a terminal chamber of Mastigoproctus giganteus. I) Large striations (at arrows) along the side of a subhorizontal burrow of Aphonopelma chalcodes. J) Burrow opening of Hogna lenta showing silk and sediment lining (at arrow). K) Compression lining (at arrow) visible in a cross section of a tunnel of Scolopendra polymorpha.
FIGURE 6 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 6. Burrow morphology: openings and architecture. A) Elliptical burrow opening of Scolopendra polymorpha. B) Circular burrow opening of Hysterocrates gigas surrounded by a mound of excavated sediment. C) Paired triangular burrow openings of Pandinus imperator. D) Simple vertical burrow of Gorgyrella inermis with a single entrance. E) Vertical branching burrow of Pelinobus muticus with a single entrance. F) Vertical burrow Hysterocrates gigas with large terminal chamber and a single entrance. G) Subvertical helical burrow of Aphopelma chalcodes with a single entrance. H) J-shaped burrow of Mastigoproctus giganteus with a single entrance. I) U-shaped burrow of M. giganteus with two entrances. J) Y-shaped burrow of M. giganteus with two entrances. K) Mazework of M. giganteus with five entrances (at numbers). L) U-shaped burrow of S. polymorpha with two entrances. M) Mazework of S. polymorpha with four entrances (at numbers).
FIGURE 4. Burrowing techniques observed among the studied arthropod predators. A in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 4. Burrowing techniques observed among the studied arthropod predators. A) Initial burrowing by intrusion by Scolopendra polymorpha (burrow opening at arrow). B) Burrowing by intrusion by Hogna lenta. C) Continued construction of a vertical shaft by compression by Gorgyrella inermis, compressing sediment along burrow boundary (at arrow) to increase the width. D) Subsurface tunnel construction by intrusion by Hemiscolopendra marginata. No sediment is removed as the tunnel is extended but is pressed against the tunnel boundary (at arrow). E) Burrowing by excavation by Mastigoproctus giganteus. Sediment is removed and carried with the pedipalps (at arrow). F) Burrowing by excavation by Pelinobus muticus. Sediment is removed and carried with the pedipalps (at arrow). G) Burrowing by excavation by Hadrurus arizonensis. Sediment is scraped and kicked back out (at arrow) of the developing burrow with the first two pairs of legs. H) Backfilling of a tunnel by S. polymorpha. The centipede removes sediment from the developing tunnel and uses it to fill the old tunnel (at arrow). I) Light silk lining around the opening, shaft, and chamber (at arrows) of Hysterocrates gigas. J) Thick silk lining around the shaft (at arrow) of G. inermis producing a smooth interior surface. K) Six silk runners (example at arrow) connected to the burrow entrance of G. inermis with a closed trap door.
FIGURE 2 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 2. Examples of experimental enclosures used in this study. A) Surface view of a 212 L enclosure before the introduction of the study animal. Objects were placed on the surface to encourage burrowing. B) Side view of a 246 L enclosure filled with 60 cm of an organic rich clay loam. C) A 212 L enclosure filled with 55 cm of an organic-rich clay loam. Five specimens of Pandinus imperator produced a branching burrow complex in the subsurface (at arrow). D) Plaster-filled, connected U-shaped burrows produced by Mastigoproctus giganteus in a 38 L enclosure filled with an organic-rick clay loam.
FIGURE 1 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 1. Burrowing arthropod predators investigated in this study. A) Scolopendra viridis, B) Scolopendra polymorpha, C) Hemiscolopendra marginata, D) Hadrurus arizonensis, E) Smeringurus mesaensis, F) Uroctonus mordax, G) Heterometrus spinifer, H) Pandinus imperator, I) Mastigoproctus giganteus, J) Hogna lenta, K) Gorgyrella inermis, L) Myrmekiaphilia sp., M) Aphonopelma chalcodes, N) Hysterocrates gigas, and O) Pelinobus muticus.
3DKMI: A MATLAB package to generate shape signatures from Krawtchouk moments and an application to species delimitation in planktonic foraminifera
<p>The rapid and repeatable characterization of individual morphology has advanced automated taxonomic classification. The most direct study of evolutionary processes is, however, not from taxonomic description, but rather of the evolution of the traits that comprise individuals and define species. Repeatable signatures of individual morphology are crucial for analyzing the response to selection at scale, and thus tracking evolutionary trajectories through time and across species boundaries. Here, we introduce our 3DKMI – an open-source MATLAB package designed for the study of morphology using three-dimensional (3D) Krawtchouk moment invariants. The volumetric features derived from the 3D images remain stable under translation, scaling, and rotation and, for an image of size 128x128x128 can be computed in less than 0.1 seconds. We applied our package as a case study on a collection of 300 X-ray computed tomography scans of planktonic foraminifera specimens across five species to (1) assess the invariance of the features under different transformations and (2) analyze morphological differences among species based on the extracted characteristics. We show that 3DKMI has the capacity to efficiently and repeatedly characterize the signatures of individual morphology. In the future, we hope that the 3D feature extraction technique 3DKMI will be widely applied to digital collections to advance research in ecology and evolution.</p>
Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) R package, KBAscope, application to Greece
<p>Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) represent the largest global network of sites critical to the persistence of biodiversity, which have been identified against standardised quantitative criteria. Sites that hold very high biodiversity value or potential are given specific attention on site-based conservation targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF), and KBAs are already used in indicators for the GBF and the Sustainable Development Goals. However, most of the species that trigger KBA status are birds and to maximise benefits for biodiversity under the actions taken to fulfil the GBF, countries need to update their KBAs to represent important sites across multiple taxa. Here we introduce KBAscope, an R package to identify potential KBAs using multiple taxonomic groups. KBAscope provides flexible, user-friendly functions to edit species data (population, range maps, area of occupancy, area of habitat and localities); apply KBA criteria; and generate outputs to support the delineation and validation of KBAs. The details of the analysis - such as the spatial units tested or the KBA criteria applied - can be decided according to the scope of the analysis. We demonstrate the functionality of KBAscope by using it to identify potential KBAs in Greece based on multiple terrestrial taxonomic groups and four sizes of grid cells (4 km<sup>2</sup>, 25 km<sup>2</sup>, 100 km<sup>2</sup>, 225 km<sup>2</sup>).</p>
FIGURE 3. A plaster and burlap cradle containing MOR 1184 in Non-traditional applications of fire in fossil preparation
FIGURE 3. A plaster and burlap cradle containing MOR 1184 being burned away from the entrapped fossil.
FIGURE 1. A. A in Non-traditional applications of fire in fossil preparation
FIGURE 1. A. A fossil in the field subsequent to flipping the jacket shows the extent of root growth across the surface of the bone, and infiltrating the bone and rock (MWC 9874). B. The same specimen, with the root system highlighted in white to better illustrate the pervasiveness of the root network.
Fig. 5 in Application of the physical habitat simulation for fish species to assess environmental flows in an Atlantic Forest Stream in South-eastern Brazil
Fig. 5. Average habitat suitability index –HSI– in the upper and lower reach of the riacho São Pedro, for the three fish species.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.