Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
2,162
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
2,162 results for “glands”
FIGURE 19 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 19. SEMs of external structures. A–D: Psychomyiidae. A: Tinodes sigodanus male, female very similar, gland opening and surrounding scaly patch. B–D: Psychomyia flavida female. B: Gland opening, note that it is situated in the membranous area between sternites IV and V, not on sternite V. C: Overview of perforated patch, the very distinctive surface structure of the perforated patch was found only in this species. D: Close-up of same. E–H: Polycentropus cinereus (Polycentropodidae), male and female very similar. E: Male, protuberance on sternum V, note the groove running the length of the protuberance. F: Male, close-up of groove at base of protuberance, note the 'wavy' cuticle along the groove. G: Female, close-up of gland opening, note the slight groove connecting the gland orifice to the groove running the length of the protuberance. H: Female, close-up of apex of protuberance, again note the 'wavy' cuticle along the groove. Go, gland opening. Scale bars: A–C, E, H = 10 µm; D, F, G = 1 µm.
FIGURE 16 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 16. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. Cross hatching shows the presence and position of thickened cuticular ridges. A: Limnocentropus grandis (Limnocentropodidae) female. B: Molanna flavicornis (Molannidae) female. C: Beraea pullata (Beraeidae) female. D and E: Gumaga griseola (Sericostomatidae) female and male, respectively. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 28 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 28. Tree illustrating mapping of gland characters with parsimony reconstruction of ancestral states. A: Annulipalpia. B: Spicipalpia + Integripalpia. Only taxa in which the gland is present are included since presence/absence is illustrated in Fig. 1. Apart from taxa in which the gland is absent, I excluded Limnephilus harrimani (Limnephilidae) as most characters for this species were scored as unknown, and several other Limnephilus species are included. Characters 1 (gland presence/absence) and 2 (gland presence/absence in females) are not included here; character 1 because it is present in all included taxa, character 2 because it is present or unknown in all included taxa. If 2 or more equally parsimonious reconstructions were presented for a single trait, I chose to minimize independent origins of the trait. The exception to this is character 10. This character is a subset of character 8, and was treated as such; character 10 could not be present if character 8 was not. Ancestral reconstruction of character 10 by Mesquite differed from character 8 due to a larger number of taxa scored as unknown for character 10. For binary characters a minus in front of the character number indicate a loss. For multistate characters the character state is indicated with superscript numbers appended to the character numbers, and all state changes are indicated. Characters: 3) gland presence/absence in males; 4) grooves between epidermal cells, binary; 5) grooves between epidermal cells, multistate: 0— absence, 1—scaly patch, 2—polygons on protuberance, 3—hexagonal cuticle; 6) bald area extending from front edge of sternite and encompassing gland opening; 7) internal cuticular ridge around gland opening; 8) protuberance in either sex; 9) protuberance in females; 10) protuberance in males; 11) protuberance with groove with 'wavy' sides; 12) protuberance with groove and polygons; 13) protuberance/bulge with setae; 14) short protuberance with very long setae; 15) opening muscles: 0—absent while gland present, 1—Lepidoptera-type, 2—Trichoptera-type; 16) reservoir shape: 0—none of the following, 1—reniform, 2—periform, 3—ovoid or round, 4—elongate and compartmentalised; 17) perforated patches in females: 0—absent, 1—associated with sternum V glands, 2—associated with fenestral glands; 18) reservoir musculature; 19) parallel reservoir musculature; 20) secretory cells: 0—adjacent to reservoir, 1—separate from reservoir; 21) gland duct in females: 0—no sharp bends, 1—sharp, knee-like bend. See Materials and methods for a more thorough description of the characters with references to appropriate figures.
FIGURE 18 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 18. SEMs of external structures. A–D: Philopotamidae. A: Wormaldia planae female, male very similar, gland opening and surrounding scaly patch. B–D: Chimarra obscura female. B: Gland opening in tiny bald patch, male very similar. C: Overview of fenestra. D: Close-up of same. E: Austrotinodes panamensis (Ecnomidae) female, gland opening and surrounding bald area. F: Xiphocentron haitiense (Xiphocentronidae) male, note how the individual 'scales' of the scaly patch overlaps, female similar, with less overlap of 'scales'. Go, gland opening. Scale bars: A–C, E, F = 10 µm; D = 1 µm.
FIGURE 23 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 23. SEMs of external structures. A–C: Glossosomatidae. A, B: Anagapetus debilis female, male very similar. A: gland opening on protuberance. B: Close-up of reticulated cuticle on protuberance. C: Protoptila cana female, gland opening in bald area adjacent to transverse groove. D–F: Hydroptilidae. D: Palaeagapetus guppyi (Ptilocolepinae) female, male very similar, gland opening on protuberance. E, F: Hydroptilinae sp. female, male very similar. E: Overview of protuberance with gland opening and long 3-flanged seta. F: Close-up of 3-flanged setae. Go, gland opening. Scale bars: A, C–E = 10 µm; B, F = 1 µm.
FIGURE 13 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 13. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. Cross hatching shows the presence and position of thickened cuticular ridges. A–C: Phryganea cinerea (Phryganeidae). A: Female. B: Male, showing gland opening muscle and cuticular ridges. C: Male, showing gland reservoir musculature. D and E: Oeconesus maori (Oeconesidae) male. The muscle fibres nearly parallel to the long axis of the abdomen are on the side of the reservoir facing away from the body wall, the other muscle fibres are on the side facing the body wall. D: Gland opening muscle and cuticular ridges. E: Gland reservoir musculature and secretory cells. Note how muscle fibres insert on the 'shelf'. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 10 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 10. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–E: Glossosomatidae. A and B: Anagapetus debilis female and male, respectively. C and D: Agapetus walkeri female and male, respectively. Note the loosely arranged secretory cells in the female, the lack of secretory cells in the male is most likely an artefact as is the missing gland opening muscle in the female. Note that the gland opening muscle in the male inserts on the large involuted sac and originates at the front edge of sternum VI. Thicker black lines in the male indicate places where the cuticle bends away from the surface of the animal. E: Protoptila cana male, the female is similar. S V, sternum V; S VI, sternum VI; Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Is, involuted sac; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; L-t, Lepidoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 12 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 12. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. Cross hatching shows the presence and position of thickened cuticular ridges. A and B: Brachycentrus occidentalis (Brachycentridae) female and male, respectively. C–E: Phryganeidae. C: Agrypnia straminea male. D and E: Yphria californica female and male, respectively. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 17 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 17. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. Cross hatching shows the presence and position of thickened cuticular ridges. A: Olinga feredayi (Conoesucidae) female. Note the single muscle fibre (RT-t) originating laterally on cuticle of sternum V and inserting on the gland duct. B: Austrocentrus griseus (Helicophidae) female. C: Philanisus plebeius (Chathamiidae) female. Note the bundle of muscle fibres (RT-t) originating laterally on cuticle of sternum V and inserting on the gland duct. D: Contulma talamanca (Anomalopsychidae) female. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle; RT-t, reverse Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 8 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 8. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–E: Hydropsychidae, Hydropsychinae. A and B: Cheumatopsyche campyla female and male, respectively. C. speciosa is similar. C and D: Hydropscyhe occidentalis female and male, respectively. Female H. tana is very similar to female H. occidentalis and female H. bronta is somewhat similar. Female and male H. placoda, male H. confusa, and internal structures of male H. bronta are similar to male H. occidentalis. E: H. cockerelli male. Male H. oslari and the protuberance in male H. bronta are similar to male H. cockerelli. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 6 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 6. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–D: Hydropsychidae. A and B: Arctopsyche grandis (Arctopsychinae) female and male, respectively. C and D: Leptonema albovirens (Macronematinae) male and female, respectively. Note the extremely large ballon-like reservoir in the male. The secretory tissue in the male was not discernible, possibly due to decomposition. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 5 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 5. Drawings based on wholemounts (A, B, D, E) or histological sections (C). The drawings based on wholemounts are viewed through the cuticle, anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus the drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures in the wholemounts are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A: Polycentropus cinereus (Polycentropodidae) male. B–E: Psychomyiidae, note the complete lack of gland opening muscles. B and C: Psychomyia flavida female. B: The gland opening is placed in the membranous area between sternum IV and V, not on sternum V; note that sternites IV and V overlap. Also note the sunburst-like arrangement of muscle fibres associated with the reservoir. C: The very thin cuticle underneath part of the secretory tissue is perforated (Figs. 19C, D; 26E), also note the muscle fibres (part of the 'sunburst') that originate on the cuticle and insert on the gland reservoir. D and E: Tinodes sigodanus female and male, respectively. D: Note the sunburst-like arrangement of muscle fibres associated with the reservoir. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle; A SV, anterior edge of sternum V; P SIV, posterior edge of sternum IV.
FIGURE 4 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 4. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle, anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. Cross hatching shows the presence and position of thickened cuticular ridges. A and B: Austrotinodes panamensis (Ecnomidae) female and male, respectively. The gland opening muscle was missing in the male, most likely due to decomposition. C and D: Xiphocentron haitiense (Xiphocentronidae) female and male, respectively; note scaly patches around gland opening. The secretory tissue in the male was not discernible, possibly due to decomposition. E: Illustration of a bulge versus a protuberance. I classified 1 as a bulge and 2 and 3 as protuberances. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 26 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 26. SEMs of internal structures, all specimens have been treated with KOH. A–D: Arctopsyche grandis (Hydropsychidae) female. A: Overview showing gland reservoir. B: Close-up of gland duct. Note the U-shape (in cross section) of the duct and how the muscle fibres insert on inside curve of the U-shaped duct. C: Close-up of surface of reservoir, note the numerous ductules connecting to the reservoir. The ductules each connect a secretory cell to the reservoir (secretory cells dissolved by KOH treatment). D: Close-up of end apparatus of a single ductule. The end apparatus is part of the ductule cell, but is surrounded by the secretory cell. E: Psychomyia flavida (Psychomyiidae) female. Note how the gland duct connects to the membranous cuticle between sternite IV and V. In the live animal, the gland reservoir is pressed against the inside of the perforated patch. F: Anagapetus debilis (Glossosomatidae) female. Overview showing reservoir and gland duct, in the live animal the reservoir is situated along the body wall, anterially from the gland opening. Dt, gland duct; Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point; Mf, muscle fibres; Ppi, perforated patch, internal; Rs, gland reservoir; S IV, sternum IV; S V, sternum V. Scale bars: A–C, E = 10 µm, D = 100nm; F = 100 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 3. Drawings based on wholemounts (A–C) or histological sections (D). The drawings based on wholemounts are viewed through the cuticle, anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus the drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures in the wholemounts are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is shown only in D where cross hatching indicates non-transparent cuticle. A–D: Philopotamidae. A and B: Dolophilodes novusamericanus female and male, respectively; note large scaly patch in female. The gland opening muscle was missing in the female, but the ventrolongitudinal musculature was missing as well, so the absence is likely due to decomposition. C and D: Chimarra obscura female. C: Co-occurring normal sternum V gland and fenestral gland, note the sunburst-like arrangement of muscle fibres associated with the fenestral gland. D: Cross section of fenestral gland with position of fenestra (transparent cuticle) indicated, also note the muscle fibres (part of the 'sunburst') that originate on the cuticle and insert on the reservoir. S IV, sternum IV; S V, sternum V; Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; L-t, Lepidoptera-type opening muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; SVg, sternum V gland; Fg, fenestral gland; Tc, transparent (and perforated) cuticle.
FIGURE 25 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 25. SEMs of external structures. A: Apatania zonella (Apataniidae) female, male very similar, gland opening connecting with grooves between hexagons. B–E: Limnephilidae. B: Onocosmoecus unicolor (Dicosmoecinae) male, female very similar, gland opening adjacent to small sculpted patch. C: Pseudostenophylax sparsus (Pseudostenophylacinae) male, female very similar, gland opening and edge of area covered with hexagons. D, E: Limnephilinae. D: Limnephilus secludens male, gland opening, other examined Limnephilus specimens similar. E: Pycnopsyche lepida male, gland opening on protuberance, protuberance smaller in female. F–G: Brevitentoria, other examined brevitentorians very similar. F: Limnocentropus grandis (Limnocentropodidae) female, gland opening in bald area extending from front edge. G: Gumaga griseola (Sericostomatidae) male, female very similar, gland opening in bald area extending from front edge. H: Austrocentrus griseus (Helicophidae) female, gland opening in bald area extending from front edge. Go, gland opening. Scale bars: A–D, F–H = 10 µm: E = 100 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 2. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle, anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A: Stenopsychodes mjoebergi female (Stenopsychidae), Trichoptera-type opening muscle originating mesally on cuticle of sternum V and inserting on the gland duct wall just inside gland opening. The secretory tissue was not discernible, possibly due to decomposition. The muscle fibres around the reservoir are found only on the side towards the cuticle. B–E: Philopotamidae, note scaly patches around gland opening. B and C: Wormaldia arizonensis female and male, respectively, note the presence of both Lepidoptera-type and Trichoptera-type opening muscles. D and E: W. planae female and male, respectively, only Lepidoptera-type opening muscle present. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle; L-t, Lepidoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 7 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 7. Drawings based on wholemounts (A, C, D) or histological sections (B, E). The drawings based on wholemounts are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus the drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures in the wholemounts are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–E: Hydropsychidae. A–C: Diplectroninae. A and B: Diplectrona sp. female, note the presence of long visible ductules connecting the secretory cells with the reservoir. A: Note that the opening muscle is contained entirely within the protuberance. B: Cross section through gland reservoir, reservoir musculature and secretory cells. C: Diplectrona zealandensis male, note the visible ductules connecting the secretory cells with the reservoir. D and E: Asmicridea edwardsii (Smicrideinae) male, the female is very similar. Note the visible ductules connecting the secretory cells with the reservoir. E: Cross section through gland reservoir, reservoir musculature, gland opening muscle and secretory cells. S IV, sternum IV; S V, sternum V; Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 15 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 15. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–D: Limnephilidae: Limnephilinae. A and B: Limnephilus externus male and female, respectively. C and D: Pycnopsyche lepida female and male, respectively. Note the partial division of the gland reservoir into compartments in the male. The internal structures in female and male P. scabripennis are very similar to those in male P. lepida. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
FIGURE 14 in Structure and phylogenetic significance of the sternum V glands in Trichoptera 2884
FIGURE 14. Drawings based on wholemounts. The structures are viewed through the cuticle and anterior is to the left with down being mesal; thus all drawings show the left gland. Muscle fibres are grey and all structures are drawn as if they were transparent. Transparency of cuticle is not indicated. A–F: Limnephilidae sensu lato, note the complete absence of gland reservoir musculature. A and B: Neophylax concinnus (Uenoidae) female and male, respectively. Female has very typical reniform gland. C–F: Limnephilidae. C: Onocosmoecus unicolor (Dicosmoecinae) female, male similar. D: Drusus annulatus (Drusinae) male, aberrant reniform gland with gland duct at one end. Female has normal reniform gland. E: Pseudostenophylax sparsus (Pseudostenophylacinae) female, male similar. F: Limnephilus secludens (Limnephilinae) female, male similar. Female L. sericeus similar. Go, gland opening; Ip, insertion point for muscle; Op, origin point for muscle; Rs, gland reservoir; Sc, secretory cells; T-t, Trichoptera-type opening muscle.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.