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7,742 results for “individuals”
Genome-wide profiling of histone H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modifications in individual bovine blastocysts by NTU-CAT
<p>BAM and corresponding BW files generated by NON-TiE-UP CUT&Tag (NTU-CAT).</p>
Characteristics of individuals with moderate to severe asthma who better respond to aerobic training: a cluster analysis
<p>Database used in the study's statistical analysis</p>
Impact of BMI and waist circumference on epigenome-wide DNA methylation and identification of epigenetic biomarkers in blood: an EWAS in multi-ethnic Asian individuals
<p>The datasets contains summary statistics from meta-analysis of EWAS on BMI and WC in 409 multi-ethnic Asians.</p>
Fig. 2 in Application Of Dna Barcoding In Taxonomy And Phylogeny: An Individual Case Of Coi Partial Gene Sequencing From Seven Animal Species
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic position of E. roumanicus, Bayesian inference phylogenetic tree. Sequences obtained by us are written in bold.
Individuality and function of chemical signals in conflict resolution of a mammal
<p>Individual recognition via communication signals is a critical component of social behavior, and provides the basis of conflict resolution, territorial behavior, and mate choice. However, the function of chemical signals in mammalian individual recognition and conflict resolution has largely been unexplored despite olfaction being a dominant sensory modality in many mammalian species. Here, we describe behavioral tests designed to evaluate the potential role of forehead gland secretions during conflict related to territorial defense in male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats. We used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to quantify the chemical composition. Our results showed that forehead gland secretions contain 16 categories of compounds including 84 volatile compounds. The concentrations of compounds and their categories differed significantly among individuals. Moreover, behavioral studies indicated that males can use chemical signals for individual recognition. Contests were staged between males with or without functioning forehead glands. Paired males without functioning forehead glands displayed more physical contact and longer contest duration compared to pairs with functioning glands. Moreover, males with a functioning gland were more likely to win in contests when paired with males without a functioning gland. These findings support a growing amount of evidence that chemical signals play a vital role in conflict resolution in mammals.</p>
Data from: Simple metrics to characterize inter-individual and temporal variation in habitat selection behaviour
<p>1. Individual variation in habitat selection and movement behavior is receiving growing attention, but primarily with respect to characterizing behaviors in different contexts as opposed to decomposing structure in behavior within populations. This focus may be limiting advances in understanding the diversity of individual behavior and its influence on population organization. We propose a framework for characterizing variation in space-use behavior with the aim of advancing interpretation of its form and function.</p> <p>2. Using outputs from integrated Step Selection Analyses of 20 years of telemetry data from African elephants (<em>Loxodonta Africana</em>), we developed four metrics characterizing differentiation in resource selection behavior within a population [specialization (magnitude of the response independent of direction), heterogeneity (inter-individual variation), consistency (temporal shift in response) and reversal (frequency of directional changes in the response)].</p> <p>3. We contrast insight from the developed metrics relative to the mean population response using an example focused on two covariates. We then expanded this contrast by evaluating if the metrics identify structurally important information on seasonal shifts in resource selection behaviors in addition to that provided by mean selection coefficients through Principal Component Analyses (PCAs) and a random forest classification.</p> <p>4. The simplified example highlighted that for some covariates focusing on the population average failed to capture complex individual variation in behaviors. The PCAs revealed that the developed metrics provided additional information in explaining the patterns in elephant selection beyond that offered by population average covariate values. For elephants, specialization and heterogeneity were informative, with specialization often being a better descriptor of differences in seasonal resource selection behavior than population average responses. Summarizing these metrics spatially and temporally, we illustrate how these metrics can provide insights on overlooked aspects of animal behavior.</p> <p>5. Our work offers a new approach in how we conceptualize variation in space-use behavior (i.e., habitat selection and movement) by providing ways of encapsulating variation that enables diagnoses of the drivers of individual level variability in a population. <span>The developed metrics explicitly distill how variation in a behavior is structured among individuals and over time which could facilitate comparative work across time, populations, or strata within populations.</span></p>
Data from: Phenotypic determinants of inter-individual variability of litter consumption rate in a detritivore population
Abstract not entered
Data from: Neural correlates of individual differences in circadian behavior
Daily rhythms in mammals are controlled by the circadian system, which is a collection of biological clocks regulated by a central pacemaker within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus. Changes in SCN function have pronounced consequences for behaviour and physiology; however, few studies have examined whether individual differences in circadian behaviour reflect changes in SCN function. Here, PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE mice were exposed to a behavioural assay to characterize individual differences in baseline entrainment, rate of re-entrainment and free-running rhythms. SCN slices were then collected for ex vivo bioluminescence imaging to gain insight into how the properties of the SCN clock influence individual differences in behavioural rhythms. First, individual differences in the timing of locomotor activity rhythms were positively correlated with the timing of SCN rhythms. Second, slower adjustment during simulated jetlag was associated with a larger degree of phase heterogeneity among SCN neurons. Collectively, these findings highlight the role of the SCN network in determining individual differences in circadian behaviour. Furthermore, these results reveal novel ways that the network organization of the SCN influences plasticity at the behavioural level, and lend insight into potential interventions designed to modulate the rate of resynchronization during transmeridian travel and shift work..
Datasets for "Learning Anisotropic Interaction Rules from Individual Trajectories in a Heterogeneous Cellular Population"
<p>Datasets used as examples in "<strong>Learning Anisotropic Interaction Rules from Individual Trajectories in a Heterogeneous Cellular Population</strong>", DA Messenger, GE Wheeler, X Liu DM Bortz, arXiv:2204.14141, 2022. </p> <p>Code: <a href="https://github.com/MathBioCU/WSINDy_CellCluster">https://github.com/MathBioCU/WSINDy_CellCluster</a></p> <p>Download code and run <strong>visualize_trajectories.m , </strong>changing file in line 5 accordingly.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
The role of individual behavioral traits on fishway passage attempt behavior
<p>Variations in behavioural traits are widely recognised to drive animal behaviours exhibited within a population. However, information on how behaviour traits influence behaviour in anthropogenically modified habitats is lacking. Many habitats have become highly fragmented as a result of human processes. To mitigate this and improve habitat connectivity, wildlife passes are increasingly employed, with the aim of enabling animals to move freely between habitats. However, wildlife passes (e.g. fishways) are not always effective in achieving passage and it remains uncertain what factors play a role in an individual's likelihood of passing successfully. This study measured three behavioural traits (boldness, exploration and activity) in juvenile brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>; <i>n</i> =78) under field conditions within a river, and tested whether these behaviour traits influenced both the passage success and the behaviours exhibited during upstream fishway passage attempts. Although behavioural traits were found and collapsed into two behavioural trait dimensions, behavioural traits had low repeatability and so did not contribute to a personality spectrum. Boldness was found to negatively influence the number of passage attempts carried out by an individual and to positively influence passage success, with bolder individuals carrying out fewer attempts and having an increased probability of passage success. No behavioural traits were found to be related to other passage metrics (passage success, time until first attempt, and passage duration) during the first passage. But all three behavioural traits were significantly negatively related to the changes in passage behaviours at consecutive, successful passage attempts, with bolder, more exploratory and more active individuals passing through a fishway quicker on the second passage than on the first. This study suggests that bolder and more active individuals may perform better during fishway passage attempts, particularly within rivers where multiple barriers to movement exist.</p>
Gendered effects of the Personal Income Tax: Evidence from a schedular system with individual filing in Uruguay
<p>Stata codes and dataset supporting the results of this article.</p>
LEXICAL MEANS AND SYNTACTIC DEVICES ENSURING THE INDIVIDUALITY OF MEDICAL DISCOURSE IN ENGLISH
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Healthy and cancer individuals from Long-read sequencing reveals aberrant fragmentation patterns and origins of circulating DNA in cancer
<p>Oxford Nanopore sequencing data from 61 samples described in manuscript "Long-read sequencing reveals aberrant fragmentation patterns and origins of circulating DNA in cancer"<br><br></p> <p>All data are aligned to UCSC analysisSet hg38 (https://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/hg38/bigZips/analysisSet/), and use 0-based coordinates.</p> <p><strong>Level 2:</strong> In order to provide combined fragmentation and methylation information, Biscuit was used to create “epiBED” files (see Methods). epiBED files contain each read on a separate line, with each DNA methylation call on the read. epiBED files can be used for combined methylation/fragmentomic analysis, and are compatible with the CelFiE-ISH software that was used for cell of origin deconvolution.</p> <p>Creation of Biscuit EpiBED files:<br>Biscuit (https://huishenlab.github.io/biscuit/) v. 1.4.1-dev was used with the command “biscuit epiread -M -b 0 -m 0 -a 0 -5 0 -3 0 -y 0.9 -L 1000000 hg38.analysisSet.fa”, where the reference is the same UCSC reference genome used for alignment. Files are available in the Zenodo repository listed in Data Availability.</p> <p><strong>Level 3</strong>: DNA methylation BED files. BED files created by modkit (see Methods) provide one line for each CpG covered, and can be used for basic DNA methylation analysis.<br><br>Creation of modkit BED files:<br>BED files were created using modkit (https://github.com/nanoporetech/modkit) v. 0.1.5 with the command “modkit pileup --cpg --combine-strands --ignore h --filter-threshold 0.9 --bedgraph". </p> <p> </p>
Multinomial coefficients and combinations of 15 individuals
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Visuo-motor updating in individuals with heightened autistic traits.
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Dataset for "Investigating the Relationship Between Cognitive Functions and Clinical and Individual Characteristics in Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Patients"
<p>Instruction and tests are in persian Laguage. </p>
THE MORAL OF CREATIVE THINKING IN THE MENTAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL
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Code and data for "Personality matters – The interplay between consistent individual differences and mouse welfare in female C57BL6/J mice"
<p>R code and data used for the manuscript "Personality matters – The interplay between consistent individual differences and mouse welfare in female C57BL6/J mice"</p>
Supplementary Materials for the manuscript "Assessing the speed of individual bacteria dispersing on fungal highways"
<div> <p><span>1. Mathematica Notebook code for the statistics and for plotting the figures: StatisticalAnalysis.nb.</span></p> </div> <div> <p><span>2. The 10 best fits of the dispersal speed probablity distributions for each strain: KT2440-FitTable.csv, UWC1-FitTable.csv.</span></p> </div> <div> <p><span>3. The GIF videos corresponding to Figure 1: KT2440.gif, UWC1.gif.</span></p> </div>
Fig. 7 in Populations of Odontesthes (Teleostei: Atheriniformes) in the Andean region of Southern South America: body shape and hybrid individuals
Fig. 7. Geometric Morphometric Analysis applied to Odontesthes bonariensis individuals. Left: plot of DF1 vs. Standard length (SL), showing quadratic fit with 95% confidence interval (N= 100) and means and 95% confidence intervals by sampling sites (locality labels as in Fig. 1) ULLM (gray square), CARZ (white circle), D (black square), URRE (white triangle), PELE (gray triangle). Right: Deformation grids correspond to a relative warps analysis (see Table 3) involving only CARZ and D. Arrows indicate displacement of landmarks relative to consensus. Shaded area remarks relative position of landmarks 5 (anterior insertion of the first dorsal fin) and 12 (distal tip of the pelvic fin onto fish body).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.