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39 results for “Agricultural pest”
Interactions between bat species and agricultural pests and disease vectors in northern Madagascar
<p>This table is part of the PhD thesis of Carme Tuneu-Corral, entitled '<strong>Bats and rice: promoting Integrated Pest Management to enhance biodiversity conservation</strong>'. It is the <span>Table A4.4</span> of the supplementary material of the Chapter 5 '<em>Beyond borders: evaluating the role of protected areas in promoting bat-mediated pest suppression in rural areas of northern Madagascar</em>', and illustrates the arthropod species detected in bat faecal sampels and classified as insect pests or disease vectors, and their interactions with bat species. Information on the bold percentage of similarity, study site, habitat type and pest type.</p>
List of agricultural pests and disease vectors detected in the diet of insectivorous bats in northern Madagascar
<p>This table is part of the PhD thesis of Carme Tuneu-Corral, entitled '<strong>Bats and rice: promoting Integrated Pest Management to enhance biodiversity conservation</strong>'. It is the <span>Table A4.3</span> of the supplementary material of the Chapter 5 '<em>Beyond borders: evaluating the role of protected areas in promoting bat-mediated pest suppression in rural areas of northern Madagascar</em>', and shows the list of agricultural pests (known and potential) and disease vectors detected in the diet of insectivorous bats, BOLD ID percentage (similarity), and information on the type of crops attacked or disease transmitted by them in Madagascar and/or continental Africa.</p> <p>Methodology:</p> <p><span>To evaluate whether bats were consuming agricultural pests or disease vectors, we only considered prey identified to species level. Using published scientific literature, we classified each arthropod species in one of the following categories: ‘non-pest prey’, ‘known human-disease vector’ (species confirmed as human-disease vector in Madagascar), ‘known livestock-disease vector’ (species confirmed as livestock-disease vector in Madagascar), ‘potential human-disease vector’ (species not confirmed as human-disease vector in Madagascar, but considered as such in continental Africa), ‘potential livestock-disease vector’ (species not confirmed as livestock-disease vector in Madagascar, but considered as such in continental Africa), ‘known agricultural pest’ (species confirmed as agricultural pest in Madagascar), ‘potential agricultural pest’ (species not confirmed as agricultural pest in Madagascar, but considered as such in continental Africa).</span></p> <p> </p>
Social-ecological cascade effects of land-use on vertebrate pest dynamics in arid agricultural communities
<p>Extensive land conversion to agriculture in drylands and associated resource use have wide-ranging impacts on desert ecosystems globally. Incorporating the impacts of human-social aspects is thus imperative in examining ecological interactions. The provision of agricultural inputs in these resource-scarce regions supports invasive and pest species, negatively impacting both agricultural productivity and native desert ecosystems. Understanding the spatial dynamics of invasive and pest species requires analyzing both bottom-up resource availability factors underlying animal distributions and top-down biological controls. Here, we evaluate the social-ecological cascading effects of dryland agriculture on vertebrate pest communities in dryland agricultural communities of Israel. Our study region is characterized by 18 agricultural cooperatives with distinct crop regimes due to contrasting social decision-making and resource allocation schemes (i.e., communal Kibbutzim vs. privatized Moshavim). Crop choices further affect land management (e.g., enclosed vs. open farm systems) and resource intensity. This system is ideal to study trophic mechanisms underlying animal assemblages between agricultural regimes. We examine the role of agricultural land-use practices on pest spatial distributions based on multi-year vertebrate pest observations with agricultural datasets. We use structural equation modelling (SEM) to quantify the relative importance of added agricultural resources underlying bottom-up and top-down trophic processes regulating vertebrate pest assemblages. Results reveal that crop choices determine pest distributions through bottom-up processes directly, while simultaneously driving pest competitive interactions through indirect top-down cascades impacting pest communities. For example, due to the indirect negative effect of wolves on meso-predators (foxes and jackals) mediated by livestock, the total positive effect of livestock on the abundance of meso-predators is reduced. Our study illustrates the social-ecological cascading effects of agricultural regimes on pest community assemblages mediated by contrasting agricultural land-use practices. Considering the expansion of dryland agro-ecological systems globally, understanding the intricate cascading pathways of predator- and prey-pest communities has important implications for agricultural management, biological invasions in drylands and fragile desert environments.</p>
Evaluating the quality of ecoinformatics data derived from commercial agriculture: a repeatability analysis of pest density estimates
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Data from: Agriculture shapes the trophic niche of a bat preying on multiple pest arthropods across Europe: evidence from DNA metabarcoding
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Data from: Agricultural practices for food safety threaten pest control services for fresh produce
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The shape of the predator biomass distribution affects biological pest control services in agricultural landscapes
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Data from: Cryptic diversity and gene flow among three African agricultural pests: Ceratitis rosa, Ceratitis fasciventris and Ceratitis anonae (Diptera, Tephritidae)
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Data from: Oxidative stress delays development and alters gene expression in the agricultural pest moth, Helicoverpa armigera
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Social-ecological cascade effects of land-use on vertebrate pest dynamics in arid agricultural communities
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Data from: The impact of climate change on the potential distribution of agricultural pests: the case of the coffee white stem borer (Monochamus leuconotus P.) in Zimbabwe
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Data from: Investigating population differentiation in a major African agricultural pest: evidence from geometric morphometrics and connectivity suggests high invasion potential
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Data from: Ecological pest control fortifies agricultural growth in Asia-Pacific economies
<p>The Green Revolution is credited with alleviating famine, mitigating poverty and driving aggregate economic growth since the 1960s. In Asia, high-input technology packages secured a tripling of rice output, with germplasm improvements providing benefits beyond US$ 4.3 billion/year. Here, we unveil the magnitude and macro-economic relevance of parallel nature-based contributions to productivity growth in non-rice crops over 1918-2018 (covering 23 different Asia-Pacific geopolitical entities). We empirically demonstrate how biological control resolved invasive pest threats in multiple agricultural commodities, ensuring annually-accruing (on-farm) benefits of US$ 14.6-19.5 billion/year. Scientifically-guided biological control of 43 exotic invertebrate pests permitted 73-100% yield-loss recovery in critical food, feed and fiber crops including banana, breadfruit, cassava and coconut. Biological control thereby promoted rural growth and prosperity even in marginal, poorly-endowed, non-rice environments. By placing agro-ecological innovations on equal footing with input-intensive measures, our work provides lessons for future efforts to mitigate invasive species, restore ecological resilience and sustainably raise output of global agri-food systems.</p>
Expert opinion and model of natural pest control in agricultural landscapes
<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div>The survey asks expert How they would estimate the capacity different land use (herbaceous semi-natural habitat, forest edge, forest core) to support the abundance of the following insect groups in the landscape: ‘complete generalists’ ‘specialized predators’, ‘parasitoids’. The score is provided on a scale from 0 (no relevant capacity) to 10 (very high relevance). For each opinion, experts provided a level of confidence: 1 'I don’t feel confident with my score', 2 'I feel fairly confident with my score” and 3: 'I feel confident with my score'. In the same way experts were asked to rate a baseline scenario of agricultural fields defined as as a conventionally managed average field (with an average field size of 3-7 ha, fertilization and pesticide application compared to the region of interest) of medium crop diversity with three functional groups over 4 years (e.g., cereal, oilseed crop, root crop). Then experts were asked how much a single change from one practices to an alternative one (e.g., conventional to organic) would affect the score they provided - 50 to - 100% = considerably worse -20 to -50%= notably better -1 to -20% = slightly worse 0 = no change +1 to 20% = slightly better +20 to 50%= notably better + 50 to 100%= considerably better +100 to 200% = extremely better/</div> <div> </div> <div>Finally experts were asked about the distance at which landscape change affect the abundance of the three group of natural enemies.</div> <div> </div> <div>The survey was conducted from April to June 2021.</div> <div> </div> <div>The scores for each practices are derived by mixed effect model and provided in the file Code_Habitats.csv. This file is used in the R model provided here to calculate natural pest control using the weighted moving window describe in Riggi et al., 2024 Ecological Indicators. NPC_Model_Riggi.R is the code of the model Fields_AOI.shp represent an example of fields with agricultural land use information CadasterEnv_AOI.tif is the land use map CADASTERENV_Label_to_change_input.csv allows the reclassification of land use into forest edge, core and herbaceous areas Code_Habitats-1.csv contrains the values associated to each support of land use for natural pest control. (2024-02-06) <div>Collapse Description [-]</div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr></tr> </tbody> </table>
The causes and consequences of pest population variability in agricultural landscapes
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Data from: Ecological pest control fortifies agricultural growth in Asia-Pacific economies
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Data from: Population structure of a global agricultural invasive pest, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Bactrocera dorsalis, the Oriental fruit fly, is one of the world's most destructive agricultural insect pests and a major impediment to international fresh commodity trade. The genetic structuring of the species across its entire geographic range has never been undertaken, because under a former taxonomy B. dorsalis was divided into four distinct taxonomic entities, each with their own, largely non-overlapping, distributions. Based on the extensive sampling of six a priori groups from 63 locations, genetic and geometric morphometric datasets were generated to detect macrogeographic population structure, and to determine prior and current invasion pathways of this species. Weak population structure and high genetic diversity were detected among Asian populations. Invasive populations in Africa and Hawaii are inferred to be the result of separate, single invasions from South Asia; while South Asia is also the likely source of other Asian populations. The current northward invasion of B. dorsalis into central China is the result of multiple, repeated dispersal events, most likely related to fruit trade. Results are discussed in the context of global quarantine, trade and management of this pest. The recent expansion of the fly into temperate China, with very few associated genetic changes, clearly demonstrates the threat posed by this pest to ecologically similar areas in Europe and North America.
Data from: Population structure of a global agricultural invasive pest, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae)
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Eliciting plant defenses by exposition to HIPV’s: a new sustainable approach to manage agricultural pests
GEO Series GSE150659. Solanum lycopersicum. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.