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35 results for “Arctic ecosystem”
Arctic warming drives striking 21st century ecosystem shifts in Great Slave Lake (Subarctic Canada), North America's deepest lake
<p>Great Slave Lake, one of the world's largest and North America's deepest lake, has undergone an aquatic ecosystem transformation in response to 21st-century accelerated Arctic warming that is unparalleled in at least the past two centuries. Algal remains from a series of high-resolution palaeolimnological records retrieved from the West Basin provide baseline limnological data that we compared to historical limnological and phycological surveys undertaken on Great Slave Lake between the 1940s and 1990s. We document the rapid restructuring of algal community composition ca. 2000 CE that is consistent with recent increases in regional air temperature, as well as declines in ice cover and wind speed, that would collectively alter habitats for aquatic biota (e.g. thermal regime, vertical mixing, turbidity, light and nutrients). This new limnological regime initiated the first observation of scaled chrysophytes and favoured the rapid proliferation of small planktonic cyclotelloid diatoms that replaced the long-established dominance of large filamentous <em>Aulacoseira islandica</em> in West Basin sedimentary assemblages. Such rapid transformations in the primary producers of this socio-ecologically valuable "northern Great Lake" may have widespread implications for the entire food web with unknown consequences for aquatic ecosystem functioning and fisheries, which many northern and Indigenous communities depend upon.</p>
Arctic warming drives striking 21st century ecosystem shifts in Great Slave Lake (Subarctic Canada), North America’s deepest lake
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Shifts in the composition and distribution of Pacific Arctic larval fish assemblages in response to rapid ecosystem change
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History of the Giraffe Pipe locality inferred from microfossil remains: A thriving freshwater ecosystem near the Arctic Circle during the warm Eocene
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Data from: Movement tactics of a mobile predator in a meta-ecosystem with fluctuating resources: the arctic fox in the High Arctic
Animal movement is a fundamental process shaping ecosystems at multiple levels, from the fate of individuals to global patterns of biodiversity. The spatio-temporal dynamic of food resources is a major driver of animal movement and generates patterns ranging from range residency to migration and nomadism. Arctic tundra predators face a strongly fluctuating environment marked by cyclic microtine populations, high seasonality, and the potential availability of sea ice, which gives access to marine resources in winter. This type of relatively poor and highly variable environment can promote long-distance movements and resource tracking in mobile species. Here, we investigated the winter movements of the arctic fox, a major tundra predator often described as a seasonal migrant or nomad. We used six years of Argos satellite telemetry data collected on 66 adults from Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada) tracked during the sea ice period. We hypothesized that long-distance movements would be influenced by spatio-temporal changes in resource availability and individual characteristics. Despite strong annual and seasonal changes in resource abundance and distribution, we found that a majority of individuals remained resident, especially those located in an area characterized by highly predictable pulse resources (goose nesting colony) and abundant cached food items (eggs). Foxes compensated terrestrial food shortage by commuting to the sea ice rather than using long-distance tracking or moving completely onto the sea ice for winter. Individual characteristics also influenced movement patterns: age positively influenced the propensity to engage in nomadism, suggesting older foxes may be driven out of their territories. Our results show how these mammalian predators can adjust their movement patterns to favor range residency despite strong spatio-temporal fluctuations in food resources. Understanding the movement responses of predators to prey dynamics helps identifying the scales at which they work, which is a critical aspect of the functioning and connectivity among meta-ecosystems.
Data and R-Scripts for the manuscript "Arctic tundra ecosystems under fire – potential trajectories for stable state shifts"
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Data from: Movement tactics of a mobile predator in a meta-ecosystem with fluctuating resources: the arctic fox in the High Arctic
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Data from: Sixty-year legacy of human impacts on a high Arctic ecosystem
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Supplementary material 1 from: Ancin-Murguzur FJ, Hausner VH (2020) Research gaps and trends in the Arctic tundra: a topic-modelling approach. One Ecosystem 5: e57117. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.5.e57117
Supplementary table 1
Supplementary material 2 from: Nizamutdinov T, Abakumov E, Morgun E (2021) Morphological features, productivity and pollution state of abandoned agricultural soils in the Russian Arctic (Yamal Region). One Ecosystem 6: e68408. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e68408
Estimated scales of nutrient content in soil
Supplementary material 1 from: Nizamutdinov T, Abakumov E, Morgun E (2021) Morphological features, productivity and pollution state of abandoned agricultural soils in the Russian Arctic (Yamal Region). One Ecosystem 6: e68408. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e68408
Detailed soil contamination characteristics based on Igeo and Zc indices
Machine learning-based Arctic-boreal terrestrial ecosystem CO2 fluxes, 2001-2020
This dataset provides gridded estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Reco), and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) across the circumpolar terrestrial Arctic-boreal region at a 1-km spatial resolution. Monthly CO2 flux data from 2001 to 2020 were generated using terrestrial eddy covariance and chamber CO2 flux observations, combined with geospatial meteorological, remote sensing, topographical and soil data, all within a random forest modeling framework. Aggregated average annual NEE, average annual NEE with direct fire emissions added based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) product, and temporal trends in annual NEE rasters over 2002-2020 are also included. The data are provided in NetCDF and GeoTIFF formats.
Code and data used for findings and figures in the manuscript "Land cover change-climate interactions amplified the diminishment of spring ecosystem productivity in the Arctic-Boreal region"
<p><span>This is the code and data used in the manuscript "Land cover change-climate interactions amplified the diminishment of spring ecosystem productivity in the Arctic-Boreal region" to generate all findings and figures.</span></p>
Remote Sensing of Environmental Change in Arctic Coastal Aquatic Ecosystems
The main objective of this NASA-funded project was to develop a remote sensing and modeling capability to monitor and predict ecosystem changes in coastal Arctic waters, in particular, changes in primary production and organic carbon dynamics, due to changing riverine fluxes caused by recent warming trends. Research activities focused on the coastal waters around Colville, Kuparuk, and Sagavanirktok rivers â€" three of the largest rivers in the North Slope of Alaska. Changing riverine fluxes affect light and nutrient availability â€" two most critical factors affecting primary production â€" in a complex manner. Understanding how riverine materials transported into the coastal Arctic mix with ocean waters and affect primary production and phytoplankton community structure using a combination of in situ data, remote sensing measurements, and modeling was the overarching objective of this effort. Project funding was through NASA OBB Award: 80NSSC22K1043 (to CCNY, PI: Maria Tzortziou) and NASA OBB Award: 80HQTR21T0050 (to NRL, PI: Wes Moses).
Data for self-regulation of sea ice transparency with temperature and its effect on the Arctic ice ecosystem
<p>This dataset is the result of three laboratory temperature experiments and two field temperature experiments in Liaodong Bay for the study of the variation characteristics of sea ice diffuse attenuation with temperature.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.