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73 results for “Forest arthropods”
Weak effects of birds, bats and ants on their arthropod prey on pioneering tropical forest gap vegetation
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Data from: The role of tropical forest fragment vegetation in maintaining arthropod diversity and spillover to adjacent sugarcane fields
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Reduced predation by arthropods and higher herbivory in burned Amazonian forests
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Data on arthropod abundance in tropical forest restoration plots with high or low plant phylogenetic diversity
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Data for: Cavity-breeding birds create specific microhabitats for diverse arthropod communities in boreal forests
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Data from: Insectivorous birds and bats outperform ants in the top-down regulation of arthropods across strata of a Japanese temperate forest
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Variability in soil and litter arthropod populations in the Soil Freezing Study plots at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 2009-2010
Climate models for the northeastern United States (U.S.) over the next century project an increase in air temperature between 2.8 and 4.3 °C and a decrease in the average number of days per year when a snowpack will cover the forest floor. Warmer temperatures may benefit some litter arthropods by allowing them to expand their ranges and to increase their rates of reproduction. However, a reduction in snowpack depth and duration could offset these changes and lead to increased arthropod mortality because the snowpack plays an important role in insulating arthropods from freezing temperatures. We evaluated these potential changes by measuring arthropod abundance in the Soil Freezing Study plots at the Hubabard Brook Experimental Forest. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
The invasive pathogenic fungus of ash trees alters arthropod predator – prey food webs in forest plantations
<p>The data set contains data on:</p> <p>1] Prey type and size (sheet1: prey type and size). In the cells, prey length in mm is provided for each prey item. NA is stated for a prey item that could not be measured. In this sheet, the plot ids and the spider ids are also stated, which enables connection with other sheets. Note: more prey items caught by an individual are stated in one row if they are of different type. Prey items of a same type caught by an individual are itemized in more rows.</p> <p>2] Information about spider individuals (sheet2: spiders). For each spider individual, it is provided its id, so it can be connected with sheet 1, plot id where it was collected, when it was collected (month), web type, and prosoma length (mm). </p> <p>3] Characteristics of sampling plots (sheet3: environmental data). It is provided plot id, age, infestation degree by H<em>ymenoscyphus fraxineus</em>, canopy openness, shrub coverage, and herb coverage.</p> <p>4] Potential prey of spiders (sheet 4: potential prey). Standardized no. of prey per trap (20 x 15 cm, both sides were sticky) in each plot.</p>
Data from: LiDAR-derived canopy structure supports the more-individuals hypothesis for arthropod diversity in temperate forests
Despite considerable progress in the ability to measure the complex 3-D structure of forests with the improvement of remote-sensing techniques, our mechanistic understanding of how biodiversity is linked to canopy structure is still limited. Here we tested whether the increase in arthropod abundance and richness in beech forest canopies with increasing canopy complexity supports the more-individuals hypothesis or the habitat-heterogeneity hypothesis. We used fogging to collect arthropod samples from 80 standardized plots from canopies of single- to multi-layered mature montane European beech stands. Tree height and an independent measure of vertical heterogeneity — the vertical distribution ratio — on each arthropod sampling plot were derived from high-resolution full-waveform airborne laser scanning data. Mixed-model path analysis based on almost 20,000 specimens of 762 species from 11 orders provided support for the more-individuals hypothesis, with higher arthropod abundance but not higher species richness in stands with a more equal vertical distribution of plant biomass. By contrast, we found no support for the habitat-heterogeneity hypothesis. The increase in the number of individuals with increasing vertical distribution of biomass might be caused either by increasing leaf area, as indicated by higher space filling and productivity in multi-layered stands, or by higher persistence of arthropod populations owing to better shelter, reduced competition and more refuges under harsh conditions, or by both. High-resolution airborne laser scanning, with its ability to penetrate dense canopies under leaf-on conditions, has proved suitable for measuring vertical structures as a predictor for canopy diversity. Expanding combinations of remote-sensing and canopy-biodiversity data opens many avenues for improving our understanding of the link between diversity and forest structures.
Analyses of "Ramp traps versus pitfall traps for collecting epigeal arthropods: a case study in a coniferous forest in Southwest Finland"
<p>Analyses for <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2023.2294795" target="_blank" rel="noopener">our article</a> on the relative performance of pitfall traps and ramp traps in catching arthropods.</p> <p>Contains:</p> <ul> <li>The R code used to draw figures and test for differences between trap types.</li> <li>The data.</li> <li>The figures drawn by the code: <ul> <li>Barplots of every taxa that showed significant differences between trap types, sampling periods or sampling sites. Barplots show the number of individuals per trap day caught in each group of samples (bars) and in each sample (dots). A group of samples contains the three samples (from three traps) that came from the same trap type, sampling period and sampling site. Bars are sorted by trap type, period, or site (whichever was significant).</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>To run the code, you need <a href="https://www.r-project.org/">R</a>, the package mvabund (installation instructions in <em>analysis.r</em>), and also need to set the working directory to wherever the script is on your computer (see first line of code in <em>analysis.r</em>).</p>
FIGURE 4. Fungus-harvestman interaction. A in First record of the interaction between the arthropod-pathogenic fungus Gibellula and a new species of harvestman Auranus (Stygnidae) narrowly endemic to the Brazilian rain forest
FIGURE 4. Fungus-harvestman interaction. A) Habitus of male Auranus quilombola sp. nov. without fungus infection. B) A. quilombola sp. nov. male, parasitized by arthropod-pathogenic fungus Gibellula sp. C) Details of the fungus Gibellula sp. parasitizing the harvestman A. quilombola sp. nov. (blue arrow shows the mycelium; red arrow shows the perithecium).
FIGURE 3 in First record of the interaction between the arthropod-pathogenic fungus Gibellula and a new species of harvestman Auranus (Stygnidae) narrowly endemic to the Brazilian rain forest
FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Auranus quilombola sp. nov. and other Auranus species. A) Records of A. quilombola sp. nov. in Brejos de Altitude of Ceará state. Black dots are the known records, red arrow is the location of observation of fungusharvestmen interaction, full line is the Brejos Cearenses area of endemism delimitation. B) Distribution of Auranus species in the Amazon forest according Colmenares et al. (2016) and the new species in Atlantic forest. In detail, South America with the two great blocks of rain forest, Amazonian and Atlantic forest, showing the geographic locations of A and B.
FIGURE 2 in First record of the interaction between the arthropod-pathogenic fungus Gibellula and a new species of harvestman Auranus (Stygnidae) narrowly endemic to the Brazilian rain forest
FIGURE 2. Penis of Auranus quilombola sp. nov. (Holotype, UFPB OP-901), dorsal view on the left, lateral view at the center, and ventral view on the right. Details of macrosetae are shown with colors. Scale = 0.25 mm.
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996). in Muridae
Lophuromys medicaudatus, L. woosnami, and L. luteogaster are in subgenus Kivumys and woosnami species group. Monotypic. Distribution. Endemic to the Albertine Rift, occurring around Lake Kivu in E DR Congo and Rwanda and SW Uganda (Bwindi). Descriptive notes. Head—body 92-112 mm, tail 73-95 mm, ear 15-19 mm, hindfoot 18-23 mm; weight 29-43 g. Similar to other species in subgenus Kivumys, the Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has unspeckled pelage, and tail ¢.85% of head-body length. Dorsum is uniform dark brown-olive, and venter is orange. Females have three pairs of mammae. Habitat. Mountain swamps and mountain forests at elevations of 1850-2500 m. Food and Feeding. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is omnivorous; diets contain 30-100% arthropods, mollusks, seeds, and fruits. Breeding. Female Western Rift Brush-furred Rats can have 1-2 embryos. Pregnant females were observed in February, April, and July. Activity patterns. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat is terrestrial. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The Western Rift Brush-furred Rat has never been found in modified secondary environment and is quite rare. Bibliography. Dieterlen (1976b, 1987 2013g), Kasangaki et al. (2003), Verheyen et al. (1996).
Fig. 4 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 4. NMDS biplot of arthropod communities in response to Typhoon Soulik. (a) Control plots, (b) Greenfall plots. The number '0' denotes a plot before Typhoon Soulik (24 June-7 July) and '1' a plot after Typhoon Soulik (7 July-24 July). The unfilled and filled convex polygons denote the 'before-Soulik' and 'after-Soulik' periods respectively. Although the NMDS was performed on all 40 sample units (20 plots × two time periods), the biplot is drawn for the control and greenfall plots separately to enhance visual clarity. The scale and range of the axes are comparable between the control and green plots.
Fig. 3 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 3. NMDS biplot of arthropod communities in response to greenfall addition. (a) Pre-treatment, 12 May-7 July, (b) Post-treatment time period #1, 24 July-10 October, (c) Posttreatment time period #2, 10 October-27 December. The letter 'C' denotes a control plot and 'G' a greenfall plot. The unfilled and filled convex polygons denote the control and greenfall plots, respectively. Although the NMDS was performed on all 60 sample units (20 plots × three time periods), the biplot is drawn for each time period to enhance visual clarity. The scale and range of the axes are comparable across the three time periods.
Fig. 1 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 1. Activity-density and biomass of six arthropod taxa in response to greenfall addition. The greenfall plots (gray bars) received greenfall addition during the two post-treatment periods (post-treatment time period #1: 24 July-10 October, post-treatment time period #2: 10 October-27 December). The pre-treatment period is 12 May-7 July. The control plots (white bars) did not received greenfall addition in any of three time periods. The asterisks denote significant differences in arthropod activity-density between greenfall and control plots for a given time period.
Fig. 2 in Effects of Greenfall on Ground-dwelling Arthropods in a Subtropical Forest
Fig. 2. Activity-density and biomass of six arthropod taxa in response to Typhoon Soulik. The white and gray bars denote the 'before Soulik' (24 June-7 July) and 'after Soulik' (7 July-24 July) periods, respectively. The arthropod data were pooled across all 20 plots, including the control and greenfall plots. Both the control and greenfall plots received the greenfall and other impacts from Typhoon Soulik during 'after Soulik' period. The greenfall plots received additional greenfall during both 'before Soulik' and 'after Soulik' periods. The asterisks denote significant differences in activity-density or biomass of the arthropods before and after Typhoon Soulik.
Data from: Taxonomic and functional composition of arthropod assemblages across contrasting Amazonian forests
Arthropods represent most of global biodiversity, with the highest diversity found in tropical rainforests. Nevertheless, we have a very incomplete understanding of how tropical arthropod communities are assembled. We conducted a comprehensive mass-sampling of arthropod communities within three major habitat types of lowland Amazonian rainforest, including terra firme clay, white-sand, and seasonally-flooded forests in Peru and French Guiana. We examined how taxonomic and functional composition (at the family level) differed across these habitat types in the two regions. The overall arthropod community composition exhibited strong turnover among habitats and between regions. In particular, seasonally-flooded forest habitats of both regions comprised unique assemblages. Overall, 17.7% (26 of 147) of arthropod families showed significant preferences for a particular habitat type. We present a first reproducible arthropod functional classification among the 147 taxa based on similarity among 21 functional traits describing feeding source, major mouthparts and microhabitats inhabited by each taxon. We identified seven distinct functional groups whose relative abundance contrasted strongly across the three habitats, with sap and leaf feeders showing higher abundances in terra firme clay forest. Our novel arthropod functional classification provides an important complement to link these contrasting patterns of composition to differences in forest functioning across geographic and environmental gradients. This study underlines that both environment and biogeographical processes are responsible for driving arthropod taxonomic composition while environmental filtering is the main driver of the variance in functional composition.
Data from: Spatial covariance of herbivorous and predatory guilds of forest canopy arthropods along a latitudinal gradient
<p>In arthropod community ecology, species richness studies tend to be prioritized over those investigating patterns of abundance. Consequently, the biotic and abiotic drivers of arboreal arthropod abundance are still relatively poorly known. In this cross-continental study, we employ a theoretical framework in order to examine patterns of covariance among herbivorous and predatory arthropod guilds. Leaf-chewing and leaf-mining herbivores, and predatory ants and spiders, were censused on > 1,000 trees in nine 0.1 ha forest plots. After controlling for tree size and season, we found no negative pairwise correlations between guild abundances per plot, suggestive of weak signals of both inter-guild competition and top-down regulation of herbivores by predators. Inter-guild interaction strengths did not vary with mean annual temperature, thus opposing the hypothesis that biotic interactions intensify towards the equator. We find evidence for the bottom-up limitation of arthropod abundances via resources and abiotic factors, rather than for competition and predation.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.