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113 results for “Genetics: behavioral”
Data from: Genetic correlations among developmental and contextual behavioral plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster
Correlations among traits, including behaviors, are important because traits that are genetically correlated may not evolve independently. Recently, behavioral correlations research has expanded to include correlations not only in mean-level behaviors, but also in behavioral plasticity, i.e., the degree to which individuals change their behavior in response to environmental stimuli. Positive correlations among behavioral plasticities would imply that individuals or genotypes that are behaviorally plastic in one way may also be plastic in other ways; negative correlations could imply tradeoffs. Here, we examine aversive odor conditioning (learning) at two time points, and plasticity in pupation site selection behavior across substrates, in a panel of Drosophila genotypes. These behaviors represent different types of behavioral plasticity: contextual plasticity describes behavioral responses to stimuli that are currently present, while developmental plasticity describes behavioral responses to remembered experiences with stimuli in the recent past. We find that learning scores and plasticity in pupation site selection behavior are positively genetically correlated, representing the first example of a genetic correlation between developmental and contextual plasticity. These findings imply that ecological and evolutionary theories focusing on variation in a single dimension of behavioral plasticity may be incomplete.
Data from: Genetic variation in social environment construction influences the development of aggressive behavior in Drosophila melanogaster
Individuals are not merely subject to their social environments; they choose and create them, through a process called social environment (or social niche) construction. When genotypes differ in social environment-constructing behaviors, different genotypes are expected to experience different social environments. As social experience often affects behavioral development, quantitative genetics and psychology theories predict that genetic variation in social environment construction should have an important role in determining phenotypic variation; however, this hypothesis has not been tested directly. I identify multiple mechanisms of social environment construction that differ among natural genotypes of Drosophila melanogaster and investigate their consequences for the development of aggressive behavior. Male genotypes differed in the group sizes that they preferred and in their aggressive behavior; both of these behaviors influenced social experience, demonstrating that these behaviors function as social environment-constructing traits. Further, the effects of social experience—as determined in part by social environment construction—carried over to affect focal male aggression at a later time and with a new opponent. These results provide manipulative experimental support for longstanding hypotheses in psychology, that genetic variation in social environment construction has a causal role in behavioral development. More broadly, these results imply that studies of the genetic basis of complex traits should be expanded to include mechanisms by which genetic variation shapes the environments that individuals experience.
Data from: Genetic structure in a dynamic baboon hybrid zone corroborates behavioral observations in a hybrid population
Behavior and genetic structure are intimately related: mating patterns and patterns of movement between groups or populations influence the movement of genetic variation across the landscape and from one generation to the next. In hybrid zones, the behavior of the hybridizing taxa can also have an important impact on the incidence and outcome of hybridization events. Hybridization between yellow baboons and anubis baboons has been well-documented in the Amboseli basin of Kenya, where more anubis-like individuals tend to experience maturational and reproductive advantages. However, it is unknown whether these advantages are reflected in the genetic structure of populations surrounding this area. Here, we used nuclear microsatellite genotype data to evaluate the geographic structure and composition of baboon populations in southern Kenya, up to the border of Tanzania. Our results indicate that, unlike for mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite-based measures of genetic structure are in concordance with phenotypically based taxonomic distinctions, and that the currently active hybrid zone is relatively narrow. Interestingly, isolation with migration analysis revealed asymmetric gene flow in this region from anubis populations into yellow populations, in support of the anubis-biased phenotypic advantages observed in Amboseli. Populations that are primarily yellow but that are the recipients of anubis gene flow exhibit higher levels of genetic diversity than yellow populations far from the introgression front. Our results support previous work that indicates a long history of hybridization and male-mediated genetic introgression among East African baboons. In particular, it suggests that anubis baboons are in the process of gradual range expansion into the historic range of yellow baboon populations, a pattern that could be mechanistically explained by behavioral and life history advantages that correlate with anubis ancestry.
Genetic and behavioral factors affecting interpopulation color pattern variation in two congeneric chameleon species
<p>We conducted a study on interpopulation variation of color patterns in two congeneric chameleon species, which have an analogous life history. Both species are able to rapidly change color pattern, and context-dependent color patterns often vary across a wide geographic range. Specifically, we tested four hypotheses that can explain the observed interpopulation variation of color patterns by a series of behavioral field trials where the color patterns of individuals were recorded and later analyzed by a deep neural network algorithm. We used redundancy analysis (dbRDA) to relate genetic, spectral, and behavioral predictors to interpopulation color pattern distance. Our results showed that both isolation by distance and alternative mating tactics were significant predictors for interpopulation color pattern variation in <em>Chamaeleo</em> <em>chamaeleon</em> males. In contrast, in <em>C. dilepis</em>, the interpopulation color pattern variation was largely explained by isolation by distance, and the evidence for alternative mating tactics was absent. In both chameleon species, the environmental colors showed no evidence of influencing chameleon interpopulation color pattern variation, regardless of sex or behavioral context. This contrasting finding suggests that interpopulation context-dependent color pattern variations in each species are maintained under a different set of selective pressures or circumstances.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Ney G, Schul J (2019) Epigenetic and genetic variation between two behaviorally isolated species of Neoconocephalus (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea). Journal of Orthoptera Research 28(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.28.28888
: Explanation note: Table S1: Sample collection localities, locality coordinates, and number of each species sampled in each year (N.robustus / N.bivocatus).
FIG. 3 in Spawning Behavior in a Non-Teleost Actinopterygian: Genetic Evidence for Both Monogamy and Polygamy in Amia
FIG. 3. Mating characteristics of bowfin relative to other nesting species with uniparental male care. Data represented by gray bars are from the review by Coleman and Jones (2011). Bowfin from this study are represented in black. Note that for bowfin relative to other species, the percentage of cuckolded nests is on the low side, that cases of multiple paternity are less common than for many species, and that the mean number of females spawning in a nest is relatively low.
FIG. 2 in Spawning Behavior in a Non-Teleost Actinopterygian: Genetic Evidence for Both Monogamy and Polygamy in Amia
FIG. 2. Bowfin eggs, larva, and fry from Big Bay Creek, New York. (A) Freshly laid bowfin eggs are about 2.2 mm in diameter and white for about the first 24 hrs (photo by Emily Funk using a Nikon D90 camera; scale bar ¼ 5 mm). (B) After about 24 hours, eggs turned greenish gray and are more cryptic (photo by Emily Funk using a Nikon D90 camera; scale bar ¼ 5 mm). (C) Bowfin larva, 7.8 mm long, which is largely translucent except for yolk, eyes, and early pigmentation (photo by Emily Funk using a DP25 camera fitted to an Olympus SZX16 dissection microscope; scale bar ¼ 1 cm). (D) Fully black, free-swimming fry in fry ball. Fry are approximately 40 mm in length (underwater photo by A. McCune using an Olympus Stylus Tough 8000 camera).
FIG. 1 in Spawning Behavior in a Non-Teleost Actinopterygian: Genetic Evidence for Both Monogamy and Polygamy in Amia
FIG. 1. Roving and guarding male bowfin in spawning coloration. (A) Male swimming in Big Bay Creek, New York. Note bright green fins and the prominent ocellus on the caudal peduncle, both characteristic of spawning coloration (photo copyright David O. Brown, using scuba). (B) Male lying on constructed nest with stripped roots (photo by A. McCune using an Olympus Stylus Tough 8000 camera). (C) Male guarding fry on his nest. Black fry are seen in contrast to the brown substrate and are in a round patch underneath the male from approximately the snout to just anterior to the pelvic fins (photo by A. McCune).
Data from: The many dimensions of diet breadth: phytochemical, genetic, behavioral, and physiological perspectives on the interaction between a native herbivore and an exotic host
From the perspective of an herbivorous insect, conspecific host plants are not identical, and intraspecific variation in host nutritional quality or defensive capacity might mediate spatially variable outcomes in plant-insect interactions. Here we explore this possibility in the context of an ongoing host breadth expansion of a native butterfly (the Melissa blue, Lycaeides melissa) onto an exotic host plant (alfalfa, Medicago sativa). We examine variation among seven alfalfa populations that differed in terms of colonization by L. melissa; specifically, we examined variation in phytochemistry, foliar protein, and plant population genetic structure, as well as responses of caterpillars and adult butterflies to foliage from the same populations. Regional patterns of alfalfa colonization by L. melissa were well predicted by phytochemical variation, and colonized patches of alfalfa showed a similar level of inter-individual phytochemical diversity. However, phytochemical variation was a poor predictor of larval performance, despite the fact that survival and weight gain differed dramatically among caterpillars reared on plants from different alfalfa populations. Moreover, we observed a mismatch between alfalfa supporting the best larval performance and alfalfa favored by ovipositing females. Thus, the axes of plant variation that mediate interactions with L. melissa depend upon herbivore life history stage, which raises important issues for our understanding of adaptation to novel resources by an organism with a complex life history.
Study in Leucocytes From Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress (TÉLOMÈRES/ CANDIDATE GENES) According to the Type A or Type B Behavior Profile
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02080741. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Clinical, Genetic, Behavioral, Laboratory and Epidemiologic Characterization of Individuals and Families at High Risk of Breast/Ovarian Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00040222. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Establish Diagnostic and Prognostic Models for Preclinical AD Patients Based on Multimodal MRI, Behavioral, Genetic, and Plasma Biomarkers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06561906. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Risk Information on Health Behaviors and Outcomes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00849563. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Behavioral, Genetic, and Epigenetic Implications of Dietary Supplementation With Alpha-linolenic Acid in Humans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01634776. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Family Genetics Health Education and Healthy Behaviors
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01498276. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Dietary, Physiological, Genetic, and Behavioral Predictors of Health in a Young, Ethnically-Mixed Population
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00945633. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Data from: No evidence that genetic compatibility drives extra-pair behavior in female blue-footed boobies
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Genetic and behavioral factors affecting interpopulation color pattern variation in two congeneric chameleon species
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Identification of a genetic network for an ecologically relevant behavioral phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster
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Data from: Microbiota-driven transcriptional changes in prefrontal cortex override genetic differences in social behavior
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.