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42 results for “Halisarca”
FIGURES 2–5 in Molecular and morphological description of a new species of Halisarca (Demospongiae: Halisarcida) from Mediterranean Sea and a redescription of the type species Halisarca dujardini
FIGURES 2–5. Halisarca dujardini. In situ and in vivo photos of non reproductive sponge from Bering Sea (Fig. 2) and reproductive sponge (arrows indicated embryos) from White Sea (Fig. 3) sponges. Histological section of non-reproductive sponge (Fig. 4) and reproductive (Fig. 5) sponge. Abbreviations: Bc—blastocoel; CC—choanocyte chambers; CE—cleaving embryos; Ex—exopinacoderm; M—mesohyle. Scale bars: 2–10 mm; 3–5 mm; 4–650 µm; 5–150 µm.
FIGURE 1. a in Molecular and morphological description of a new species of Halisarca (Demospongiae: Halisarcida) from Mediterranean Sea and a redescription of the type species Halisarca dujardini
FIGURE 1. a—Geographical distribution of Halisarca harmelini sp. nov. in Mediterranean Sea (red dots); b—Map of the Northwest Mediterranean coast showing the site of collection of holotype, paratype and specimens of Halisarca harmelini sp. nov. for ultrastructural and the total DNA extraction.
FIGURE 17 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 17. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Mesohylar cells in TEM (except F in SEM). A, rhabdiferous cell in the mesohyl (RBINS-POR. 10757); B, rhabdiferous cell in a larva (RBINS-POR. 10803); C, early stage of a pocket cell extending long pseudopods next to a spherulous cell Type 1 (RBINS-POR. 12917); D, pocket cell with engulfed granular cell (RBINS- POR. 12917); E, pocket cell with proliferation of long pseudopods forming pockets (RBINS-POR. 12917); F, pocket cell underneath complex collagenous layer in SEM (RBINS-POR. 10754); G, later stage of pocket cell with electron translucent vacuoles of different sizes (RBINS-POR. 10754); H, ultimate stage of a pocket cell, with pockets and abundant smaller clear vacuoles, expelled from the sponge through the layer of exopinacocytes (RBINS-POR. 10754). (CL = complex collagenous layer; GC = granular cell; LC = larval cell; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; P = pseudopod; PC = pocket cell; Po = pocket; SC3 = spherulous cell Type 3; R = rhabdite; V = vacuole).
FIGURE 18 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 18. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Bacteria in TEM. A, extracellular symbiotic bacteria Type B2 and B4 in the complex collagenous layer (RBINS-POR. 10754); B, bacteria Type B2 in the mesohyl; C, bacteria Type B2 in the complex collagenous layer (RBINS-POR. 10754); D, bacteria Type B4 in the complex collagenous layer (RBINS-POR. 10754); E, bacteria Type B3 in the mesohyl (RBINS-POR. 12924). Arrows indicate undulated capsule.
FIGURE 11 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 11. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. in situ. A to D, morphotype 1 composed of an encrusting wrinkled mat bearing short digitations with distinct oscula (A, holotype RBINS-POR. 10803; B & C, paratype RBINS-POR. 10757; D, paratype RBINS-POR. 12923); E to H, morphotype 2 of tubular shape ending with a single osculum (E, paratype RBINS-POR. 8795; F & G, paratype RBINS-POR. 9961; H, paratype RBINS-POR. 10754). (O = osculum). Arrows indicate ostia.
FIGURE 8 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 8. Halisarca magellanica. Mesohylar cells in TEM. A, microgranular cell (RBINS-POR. 12920); B, rhabdiferous cell in upper part of the ectosome, under its complex collagen layer (RBINS-POR. 10827); C, enlargement of B; D, rhabdiferous cell enclosed in a choanocyte chamber (RBINS-POR. 10827); E, enlargement of D. (CL = complex collagenous layer; HI = homogeneous osmiophilic (electron dense) inclusion; P = pseudopod; Ph = phagosomes; R = rhabdite).
FIGURE 14 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 14. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Choanocyte chambers and choanocytes in TEM (A, RBINS-POR. 12917; B & D, RBINS-POR. 12919; C, RBINS-POR. 12924). (C = choanocyte; F = flagellum; M = mesohyl; Mi = microvillus; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; PS = periflagellar sleeve). Arrows indicate basal pseudopodial extensions of choanocytes.
FIGURE 7 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 7. Halisarca magellanica. Mesohylar cells in TEM. A, archaeocyte (RBINS-POR. 8798); B, lophocyte with anteriorly located nucleus (RBINS-POR. 10753); C & D, lophocyte with posteriorly located nucleus (RBINS-POR. 12922); E, spherulous cell Type 1 (RBINS-POR. 12918); F, spherulous cell Type 2 (RBINS-POR. 8888); G, spherulous cell Type 3 (RBINS-POR. 12920); H, granular cell (RBINS-POR. 8888). (CF = collagen fibrils; ChI = chestnut inclusion; Gr = electron dense granule; HI = homogeneous osmiophilic (electron dense) inclusion; M = mesohyl; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; P = pseudopod; Ph = phagosome; RI = rough inclusion). Arrows indicate small electron-dense vacuoles.
FIGURE 6 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 6. Halisarca magellanica. Endopinacocytes in TEM and SEM. A, inhalant canal lined with one exopinacocyte (RBINS-POR. 12920); B, exhalant canal padded with several endopinacocytes (RBINS-POR. 10753); C, fragment of exhalant canal (RBINS-POR. 12922). (IC = inhalant canal; En = endopinacocyte; EC =exhalant canal; N = nucleus).
FIGURE 5 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 5. Halisarca magellanica. Choanocyte chambers and choanocytes in TEM and SEM (A to C & E, RBINS-POR. 12921; D, RBINS-POR. 8798). (C = choanocyte; F = flagellum; M = mesohyl; Mi = microvilli; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; PS = periflagellar sleeve). Arrows indicate basal pseudopodial extensions of choanocytes.
FIGURE 4 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 4. Halisarca magellanica. Ectosome in TEM. Sections perpendicular to the surface. A to C, exopinacocyte bodies mixed among spherulous cells Type 1 are located under a complex collagenous layer and reach the surface through thin processes ending as superficial flat extensions (arrowheads); D, limit between the unorganized collagenous structure (UC) and collagen fibrils (CF) of the complex collagen layer; E, narrow projection emerging from an exopinacocyte cell body (right), ending as a thin superficial extension (left); F, junction between superficial extensions of two exopinacocytes (arrow) with glycocalyx at the surface of the barely visible external dermal membrane. A, RBINS-POR. 10827; B to D, RBINS-POR. 12921; E & F, RBINS-POR. 12922. (B = bacterium; CL = complex collagenous layer; Ex = exopinacocyte; G = glycocalyx; In = invagination of the basal region of the complex collagen layer; N = Nucleus; n = nucleolus; Out = outside of the sponge; SC1 = spherulous cell Type 1). Black and white double-headed arrows indicate respectively outward (unorganized collagenous structure) and inward portions (tracts of collagen fibrils) of the complex collagenous layer.
FIGURE 3 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 3. Halisarca magellanica. Histological sections perpendicular to the surface of all three morphotypes stained with a combination of methylene blue/azure II and basic fuchsine. Cytoplasm stains light blue and nuclei darker blue, while collagen and mesohyl stain pink to purplish-red. Ectosome is thinner in morphotypes 1 and 3 than in morphotype 2. A, morphotype 1 (holotype RBINS-POR. 034) with structures still clearly recognizable after preservation for more than a hundred years in ethanol. B to C, morphotype 1 (RBINS-POR. 10827); D & E, morphotype 2 (RBINS-POR. 10753); F to I, morphotype 3 (F, RBINS-POR. 12918; G to I, RBINS-POR. 12921). (IC = inhalant canal; CC = choanocyte chamber; CL = complex collagen layer; EC = exhalant canal; In = invagination of the basal region of the collagenous layer; SC = spherulous cell). White doubleheaded arrows indicate ectosome; black double-headed arrows indicate choanosome; arrowheads indicate choanocyte chambers radially grouped around aquiferous canals.
FIGURE 1 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 1. Collection sites of Halisarca magellanica and Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. 1—Piedra Lile, Quellón, Chiloe Province; 2—Liliguapi Island, Palena Province; 3—Comau Fjord, Palena Province; 4—Reñihué Fjord, Palena Province; 5— Torrent Bay, Londonderry Island, Tierra del Fuego Province.
FIGURE 16 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 16. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Mesohylar cells in TEM. A, archaeocyte (RBINS-POR.12924); B, lophocyte (RBINS-POR. 10803); C, posterior side of a lophocyte (RBINS-POR.12924); D, spherulous cell Type 1 (RBINS-POR. 12917); E, spherulous cell Type 3 in the choanosome (RBINS-POR. 10754); F, spherulous cell Type 3 in the ectosome (RBINS-POR. 10754); G, spherulous cell Type 3 (SC3) in upper side of ectoderm (RBINS-POR. 12924); H, granular cell (RBINS- POR.12924). (CF = collagen fibrils; HI = homogeneous osmiophilic (electron dense) inclusion; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; P = pseudopod; Ph = phagosome; RI = rough inclusion; SEx = superficial extension of exopinacocyte). Arrow indicates junctions between superficial extensions of exopinacocytes.
FIGURE 15 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 15. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Endopinacocytes in TEM (A & B; RBINS-POR. 12917). (Ph = phagosome; N = nucleus).
FIGURE 2. Halisarca magellanica. A, B & C, morphotype 1 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 2. Halisarca magellanica. A, B & C, morphotype 1 with stretched filamentous outgrowths (specimen RBINS-POR. 10827 in situ); D, type specimen, re-photographed as published by Topsent (1901), corresponding to morphotype 1; E, morphotype 2 thinly encrusting (specimen RBINS-POR. 10753 in situ); F & G, morphotype 3 bushy with assembled digitations (specimen RBINS-POR. 12921 in situ). (O = osculum). Arrows indicate ostia.
FIGURE 13 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 13. Halisarca desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Ectosome in TEM. Sections perpendicular to the surface and surface of exopinacocytes seen in SEM (B). A & C, exopinacocyte bodies lie under the complex collagen layer and extend thin processes (arrowheads), which spread at the surface. Spherulous cells Type 3 can occur on both sides of the collagen layer; B, retraction of superficial extensions is an artefact resulting from the critical point dehydration; D, unorganized collagenous structure in the external part of the complex collagen layer (arrows indicate junctions between superficial extensions of two exopinacocytes); E, collagen fibrils in the internal part of the complex collagen layer in longitudinal section (CFL) and transversal section (CFT). A and B, RBINS-POR. 10754; C to E, RBINS-POR. 10803. (Ex, exopinacocyte; CF, collagen fibrils; SC1, spherulous cell Type 1; SC3, spherulous cell Type 3; SEx, superficial extension of underlying exopinacocyte; UC = unorganized collagenous structure). Black and white double-headed arrows indicate respectively outward (unorganized collagenous structure) and inward portions (tracts of collagen fibrils) of the complex collagenous layer.
FIGURE 10 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 10. Halisarca magellanica. Bacteria in TEM. A & B, bacteriocyte containing bacteria Type B1 (RBINS-POR. 10827); C, bacteria Type B1 (RBINS-POR. 12918); D, bacteria Type B2 in the mesohyl (RBINS-POR. 12922); E, bacterium Type B2 (RBINS-POR. 12921); F, bacterium Type 3 (RBINS-POR. 12920); G, detail of electron dense granules of the mesohyl (RBINS-POR. 12921). (F = fimbria; Gr = electron dense granules of the mesohyl; N = nucleus; P = pseudopodium). Arrowheads indicate nucleus.
FIGURE 19 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 19. Phylogenetic positions of Halisarca magellanica and H. desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Shown is a posterior majorityrule consensus tree obtained from the Bayesian analysis of cox1 sequences under the "mixed" model of nucleotide substitutions with 4 gamma categories in Mr. Bayes. The tree was drawn in FigTree (http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/). The number at each node represents the Bayesian posterior probability. Sequences from five specimens of H. magellanica, seven specimens of H. desqueyrouxae sp. nov. and 13 specimens of Chondrilla aff. nucula are shown as "collapsed" subtrees (triangles). The height of a triangle reflects molecular divergence among sequences it contains. No differences were found among sequences of H. magellanica or among sequences of H. desqueyrouxae sp. nov. Sequences of Chondrilla aff. nucula are 0–1.2% different.
FIGURE 9 in Integrative taxonomic re-description of Halisarca magellanica and description of a new species of Halisarca (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Chilean Patagonia
FIGURE 9. Halisarca magellanica. Pocket cells in TEM and SEM. A & B, early stage of mesohyl engulfment through extension of pseudopods (respectively RBINS-POR.12918 & 12921); C, mesohyl within pocket (RBINS-POR. 12921); D, similar view in SEM (RBINS-POR.10753); E & F, later stages with pockets of variable size and number containing mesohyl material and associated bacteria (respectively RBINS-POR. 12920 & 10753); G, ultimate stage with numerous pockets containing bacteria and mesohylar content (RBINS-POR. 12921). (B = bacterium; Gr = electron dense granules of the mesohyl; M = mesohyl; N = nucleus; n = nucleolus; P = pseudopod; Po = pocket).
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