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105 results for “Lake Victoria”
Genetic architecture of a key reproductive isolation trait differs between sympatric and non-sympatric sister species of Lake Victoria cichlids
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Data from: Sympatry and parapatry among rocky reef cichlids of Lake Victoria explained by female mating preferences
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Upper Victoria River at Lake Outlet gauge measurements
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. These tables contain data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region.
Population collapse in viviparid gastropods of the Lake Victoria ecoregion started before the Last Glacial Maximum
<p>For the purpose of reproducibility, we here provide the datasets and R script supporting the analyses of the paper "Population collapse in viviparid gastropods of the Lake Victoria ecoregion started before the Last Glacial Maximum" by Van Bocxlaer et al. This paper has been accepted for publication in Molecular Ecology on 31 July 2020. In this study, we examine the population structure of the clade of <i>Bellamya</i> gastropods that occupies the Lake Victoria ecoregion with the aim to relate past environmental change with demography and diversification dynamics. The here provided datasets include 1) an alignment of a fragment of the gene cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit 1 for 60 specimens; 2) genotype data for 321 individuals from 39 localities for 15 microsatellite loci (total dataset); 3) a regrouped genotype dataset (282 specimens from 21 localities for 15 microsatellite loci), which was used for some analyses in our study. Analyses were performed with various programs as reported in our paper. Here we provide input and result files (33 files in total) for these analyses, complemented with an R script that readily allows reproducing the majority of our inquiries.</p>
Data from: Genomics of parallel ecological speciation in Lake Victoria cichlids
The genetic basis of parallel evolution of similar species is of great interest in evolutionary biology. In the adaptive radiation of Lake Victoria cichlid fishes, sister species with either blue or red-back male nuptial coloration have evolved repeatedly, often associated with shallower and deeper water, respectively. One such case are blue and red-backed Pundamilia species, for which we recently showed that a young species pair may have evolved through "hybrid parallel speciation". Coalescent simulations suggested that the older species P. pundamilia (blue) and P. nyererei (red-back) admixed in the Mwanza Gulf and that new "nyererei-like" and "pundamilia-like" species evolved from the admixed population. Here, we use genome scans to study the genomic architecture of differentiation, and assess the influence of hybridization on the evolution of the younger species pair. For each of the two species pairs, we find over 300 genomic regions, widespread across the genome, which are highly differentiated. A subset of the most strongly differentiated regions of the older pair are also differentiated in the younger pair. These shared differentiated regions often show parallel allele frequency differences, consistent with the hypothesis that admixture-derived alleles were targeted by divergent selection in the hybrid population. However, two thirds of the genomic regions that are highly differentiated between the younger species are not highly differentiated between the older species, suggesting independent evolutionary responses to selection pressures. Our analyses reveal how divergent selection on admixture-derived genetic variation can facilitate new speciation events.
Data from: Developmental effects of visual environment on species-assortative mating preferences in Lake Victoria cichlid fish
Local adaptation can be a potent force in speciation, with environmental heterogeneity leading to niche specialization and population divergence. However, local adaption often requires non-random mating in order to generate reproductive isolation. Population divergence in sensory properties can be particularly consequential in speciation, affecting both ecological adaptation and sexual communication. Pundamilia pundamila and Pundamilia nyererei are two closely related African cichlid species that differ in male coloration, blue vs. red. They co-occur at rocky islands in southern Lake Victoria, but inhabit different depth ranges with different light environments. The species differ in colour vision properties and females exert species-specific preferences for blue vs. red males. Here, we investigated the mechanistic link between colour vision and preference, which could provide a rapid route to reproductive isolation. We tested the behavioural components of this link by experimentally manipulating colour perception – we raised both species and their hybrids under light conditions mimicking shallow and deep habitats - and tested female preference for blue and red males under both conditions. We found that rearing light significantly affected female preference: shallow-reared females responded more strongly to P. pundamilia males and deep-reared females favored P. nyererei males - implying that visual development causally affects mate choice. These results are consistent with sensory-drive predictions, suggesting that the visual environment is key to behavioural isolation of these species. However, the observed plasticity could also make the species barrier vulnerable to environmental change: species-assortative preferences were weaker in females that were reared in the other species' light condition.
Data from: Elevated temperature and acclimation time affect metabolic performance in the heavily exploited Nile perch of Lake Victoria
Increasing water temperatures due to anthropogenic climate change are predicted to negatively impact the aerobic metabolic performance of aquatic ectotherms. Specifically, it has been hypothesized that thermal increases result in reductions in aerobic scope (AS), which lead to decreases in energy available for essential fitness and performance functions. Consequences of warming are anticipated to be especially severe for warm-adapted tropical species as they are thought to have narrow thermal windows and limited plasticity for coping with elevated temperatures. In this study we test how predicted warming may affect the aerobic performance of Nile perch (Lates niloticus), a commercially-harvested fish species in the Lake Victoria basin of East Africa. We measured critical thermal maxima (CTmax) and key metabolic variables such as AS and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) across a range of temperatures, and compared responses between acute (3-day) exposures and 3-week acclimations. CTmax increased with acclimation temperature, however 3-week acclimated fish had higher overall CTmax than acutely-exposed individuals. Nile perch also showed the capacity to increase or maintain high AS even at temperatures well beyond their current range, however acclimated Nile perch had lower AS compared to acutely-exposed fish. These changes were accompanied by lower EPOC, suggesting that drops in AS may reflect improved energy utilization after acclimation, a finding that is supported by improvements in growth at high temperatures over the acclimation period. Overall, the results challenge predictions that tropical species have limited thermal plasticity, and that high temperatures will be detrimental due to limitations in AS.
Data from: Visual adaptation and microhabitat choice in Lake Victoria cichlid fish
When different genotypes choose different habitats to better match their phenotypes, adaptive differentiation within a population may be promoted. Mating within those habitats may subsequently contribute to reproductive isolation. In cichlid fish, visual adaptation to alternative visual environments is hypothesised to contribute to speciation. Here, we investigated whether variation in visual sensitivity causes different visual habitat preferences, using two closely related cichlid species that occur at different but overlapping water depths in Lake Victoria and that differ in visual perception (Pundamilia sp.). In addition to species differences, we explored potential effects of visual plasticity, by rearing fish in two different light conditions: broad-spectrum (mimicking shallow water) or red-shifted (mimicking deeper waters). Contrary to expectations, fish did not prefer the light environment that mimicked their typical natural habitat. Instead, we found an overall preference for the broad-spectrum environment. We also found a transient influence of the rearing condition, indicating that assessment of microhabitat preference requires repeated testing to control for familiarity effects. Together, our results show that cichlid fish exert visual habitat preference, but do not support straightforward visual habitat matching.
Data from: Prevalence of disruptive selection predicts extent of species differentiation in Lake Victoria cichlids
Theory suggests that speciation with gene flow is most likely when both sexual and ecological selection are divergent or disruptive. Divergent sexual and natural selection on the visual system have been demonstrated before in sympatric, morphologically similar, sister species of Lake Victoria cichlids, but this does not explain the subtle morphological differences between them. To investigate the significance of natural selection on morphology during speciation, we here ask whether the prevalence of disruptive ecological selection differs between sympatric sister species that are at different stages of speciation. Some of our species pairs do (Pundamilia) and others do not (Neochromis) differ distinctively in sexually selected male nuptial coloration. We find that 1) evidence for disruptive selection and for evolutionary response to it, is prevalent in traits that are differentiated between sister species; 2) prevalence of both predicts the extent of genetic differentiation; 3) genetic differentiation is weaker in species pairs with conserved male nuptial coloration. Our results speak to the existence of two different mechanisms of speciation with gene flow: speciation mainly by sexual selection tightly followed by ecological character displacement in some cases and speciation mainly by divergent ecological selection in others.
Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae
Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island. in Bovidae
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island.
FIGURE 6 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 6. Lacustricola margaritatus, female, about 25 mm SL, live; Uganda: Lake Victoria basin: Lutembe Bay, east of Namulanda. Photographed after one month in captivity.
FIGURE 7 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 7. Diagrammatic representation of the cephalic sensory system in Lacustricola margaritatus; RMCA 2021.011. P.0001, holotype, male, 26.5 mm SL; a, lateral view of head; b, dorsal view of head; c, ventral view of head.
FIGURE 3. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0001 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 3. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0001, holotype, male, 26.5 mm SL; Tanzania: Lake Victoria basin: ephemeral swamp about 3.5 km west of Kiziramiaga township.
FIGURE 5. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0006 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 5. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0006, paratype, male, 26.1 mm SL, live; Uganda: Lake Victoria basin: Lutembe Bay, east of Namulanda. Photographed after one month in captivity.
FIGURE 4. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0001 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 4. Lacustricola margaritatus, RMCA 2021.011.P.0001, holotype, male, 26.5 mm SL, live; Tanzania: Lake Victoria basin: ephemeral swamp about 3.5 km west of Kiziramiaga township. Photographed after one month in captivity.
FIGURE 1 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 1. Map of the region around Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga in eastern Africa, showing the distribution of Lacustricola margaritatus. T, type locality.
FIGURE 2 in Lacustricola margaritatus, a new species of lampeye from the Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga basins in eastern Africa (Cyprinodontiformes: Procatopodidae)
FIGURE 2. Comparative meristics and morphometry in males of Lacustricola margaritatus (filled circle), L pumilus (inverted triangle) and 'L.' centralis (square). Score plots of principal component analysis; first vs. second principal components; a, six meristic characters; b, best subset of four most distinctive morphometric characters. Holotype and syntypes indicated by larger symbols.
Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae
Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in SE Sudan, perhaps the Rift Valley of Ethiopia, W Kenya surrounding Lake Victoria (two locations, very rare), Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda, NW Tanzania, and NE DR Congo. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island. in Bovidae
Distribution. Apparently endemic to Nkosi I, the southernmost island of the Sesse Archipelago in north-western Lake Victoria. Nkosi I is about 64 km offshore from the Ugandan mainland and about 6 km from its closest neighboring island.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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