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Figure 1 in Growth patterns, sexual dimorphism, and maturation modeled in Pachypleurosauria from Middle Triassic of central Europe (Diapsida: Sauropterygia)

Figure 1. Details of medulla, bone tissue, and vascularization of Dactylosaurus from the early Anisian (Lower Muschelkalk; Germanic Basin) and aff. N. pusillus from the late Ladinian (Lower Keuper; Germanic Basin). (a) Medullary region distally to midshaft in Dactylosaurus humerus MB.R. 801.2. consisting of small round erosion cavities surrounded by endosteal bone and embedded in a matrix of calcified cartilage. The medullary region is surrounded by a sharp line (arrow). (b) Medullary region closer to midshaft in Dactylosaurus humerus MB.R. 771.5 displaying a small free cavity, a few small erosion cavities surrounded by endosteal bone and calcified cartilage at the border to the periosteal region all encompassed by a sharp line (arrow). Around the medullary cavity slow-deposited (i.e., highly organized) hatchling bone tissue is visible. (c) The medullary region and inner cortex in aff. N. pusillus humerus SMNS 50372b is nearly completely filled by endosteal bone. The area is surrounded by the sharp line (arrow), although the sample was taken nearly at the midshaft. Scattered longitudinal primary osteons occur in this sample. (d) Cross section of aff. N. pusillus humerus SMNS 58025a which shows an irregular medullary region and remodeling in form of erosion cavities scattered into the periosteal bone. (e) Medullary region and inner cortex of aff. N. pusillus humerus SMNS 50372c. The medullary region consists of few small erosion cavities and endosteal bone. The innermost cortex is made of fast-deposited hatchling bone tissue, which is surrounded by a distinct annulus. (f) Medullary region and inner cortex of aff. N. pusillus humerus SMNS 92125. The medullary region consists of a small cavity surrounded by a thick layer of endosteal bone, which are encompassed by a sharp line and calcified cartilage. The innermost cortex is made of a slow-deposited hatchling bone tissue. (g) Cross section of N. pusillus humerus PIMUZ T 3975. The medullary region is completely filled by endosteal bone. The area is surrounded by some erosion cavities. (h) Medullary region and inner cortex at midshaft in Dactylosaurus humerus MB.R. 776.2 showing a free cavity surrounded by a thick layer of endosteal bone. On the right side are remains of preserved fast-deposited (i.e., less organized) hatchling bone tissue. On the right side, the layer of horizontally oriented fine fibers is visible (arrow). (i) Medullary region and inner cortex in Anarosaurus humerus Wijk 13-194. The relatively large, free medullary cavity is surrounded by a thin, and in this sample incomplete, layer of endosteal bone. The innermost cortex is made of a fast-deposited (i.e., highly organized) hatchling bone tissue, which is surrounded by a distinct annulus. A second annulus is clearly visible in the lower part of the picture. Distance between annuli changes considerably towards the preaxial bone side (arrows mark spilt). Abbreviations: cc, calcified cartilage; eb, endosteal bone; ec, erosion cavity; htb, hatchling bone tissue; ffho, fine fibers horizontally oriented; mc, medullary cavity; mr, medullary region; po, primary osteon. All pictures are in polarized light. Scale bar is 0.5 mm if not labeled otherwise.

Fig. 7 A–D in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 7 A–D, Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875), Bakony (Hungary), Anisian, Reitzi Zone. A Specimen No. T.3206 with preserved final chamber in lateral view. B Specimen No. T.81 with preserved final chamber in lateral view. The constriction of the last septum prior the final chamber is well seen in both specimens. C–D Specimen No. T.255. C lateral view; D detail of the septum attachment to the phragmocone wall. E–L Breviconoteuthis aff. breviconus, upper Anisian, lower Illyrian, Podhradie, Slovakia. E Ventral view; F, G lateral views demonstrating backwards inclined septa; H dorsal view; I, J cross section at the apical part; J position of the siphuncle; K, L micro-CT imaginations; K longitudinal section in lateral view; L longitudinal section in dorso-ventral view. Specimen No. KGP-PO-001. M Breviconoteuthis breviconus (Reis, 1907), original of Rieber (1974: Fig. 3), upper Anisian, Besano Formation, Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland. N, O. Zugmontites mojsisovicsi Reis, 1907, holotype, No. 1901-II-508, upper Anisian, Wettersteinkalk, Austria. N Lateral view; O dorso-ventral view. Scale bar equals 1 cm

Fig. 2 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 2 Associated ammonoid fauna recorded at the locality Podhradie. A Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. B Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. C Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3. D Paraceratites trinodosus (Mojsisovics, 1882), Bed 3, lower part. E Ptychites cf. oppeli Mojsisovics, 1882, Bed 3. F, G Lardaroceras? sp., Bed 3, lower part. H, I Kellnerites cf. bispinosus (Hauer, 1896), Bed 3, upper part

Fig. 6 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 6 Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875)—the size reconstruction based on the phragmocone angle and size extrapolation. The largest specimen does not possess a "body chamber", therefore, the approximated size may exceed 35 cm

Fig. 3 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 3 Associated ammonoid fauna recorded at the locality Harmanecká Cave—Kozelník. A–C Lardaroceras sp. aff. krystyni Balini, 1992a

Fig. 10 A in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 10 A Reconstruction of cephalopod habitat within Western Carpathian Ráztoka Limestone, Illyrian Trinodosus—Reitzi Zones. Reconstruction: Petr Modlitba, with courtesy of author. B 1. Nautiloids. 2. Diverse ammonoids. 3. Aulacoceratids. 4. Mojsisovicsteuthis. 5. Breviconoteuthis. The benthic fauna is composed by abundant crinoids, echinoids, bivalves and brachiopods. Algae meadows are supposed based on geochemical data. C Fragment of partly tectonically deformed phragmocone of undetermined aulacoceratid; scale bar equals 1 cm

Fig. 1 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 1 Geographical position of the areas of interest (A, B) and close-up views of the satellite photo with precise localization of the studied outcrops in the village Podhradie (C), and near Dolný Harmanec (D). E Outcrop in the roadcut in the village Podhradie. The fossiliferous Bed 3 is outlined. Orange circles with acronyms TO represent the sampling points for the organic geochemistry

Fig. 4 in The Middle Triassic palaeontomofauna of Monte San Giorgio with the description of Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. et sp. nov.

Fig. 4 Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. nov., sp. nov. head and thorax details. Scale bar, 500 µm

Fig. 2 in The Middle Triassic palaeontomofauna of Monte San Giorgio with the description of Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. et sp. nov.

Fig. 2 Insect fossil findings in the five fossiliferous sites of Monte San Giorgio and described species. Species from Monte San Giorgio described until now: A Dasyleptus triassicus (Archaeognatha, †Monura, †Dasyleptidae) (scale bar 500 μm); B Gigamachilis triassicus (Archaeognatha, Machilidae) (scale bar 2 mm); C Archetingis ladinica (Hemiptera, Tingidae) (scale bar 1 mm); D Sawfly (scale bar 1 mm); E Praedodromeus sangiorgensis (Coleoptera, Trachipachidae) (scale bar 1 mm); F Tintorina meridensis (Ephemeroptera, Tintorinidae) (scale bar 1 mm). G Barplot showing the number of fossil findings per taxon at each fossiliferous site; asterisks followed by identification letters indicate the described species shown above

Fig. 1 in The Middle Triassic palaeontomofauna of Monte San Giorgio with the description of Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. et sp. nov.

Fig. 1 Location of the Monte San Giorgio and stratigraphic section of the Middle Triassic sediments. A Map showing the location of Monte San Giorgio and the carbonate Anisian-Ladinian sequence. B Middle Triassic stratigraphic units of the Monte San Giorgio area. Stratigraphic column after Commissione scientifica transnazionale Monte San Giorgio 2014, modified. Single-zircon U–Pb ages of Meride limestone after Stockar et al., 2012

Fig. 5 in The Middle Triassic palaeontomofauna of Monte San Giorgio with the description of Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. et sp. nov.

Fig. 5 Merithone laetitiae (†Permithonidae) gen. nov., sp. nov. forewing venation. Scale bar, 1 mm. C: Costa; Sc: Subcosta; R: Radius; M: Media; RS: Radial Sector; MA: Medial Anterior; MP: Medial Posterior; CUA: Cubital Anterior; CUP: Cubital Posterior

Fig. 9 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 9 Plot of Pr/n-C17 versus Ph/n-C18 cross plot showing the source and depositional environments of the natural samples (from Beds 3, 6 and 7, locality Podhradie)

Fig. 11 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 11 Detailed reconstruction of the sea-bottom rich in algae, sponges and crinoid meadows, showing also the common presence of conodonts and a representative of coleoid cephalopod. Petr Modlitba, with courtesy of author

Fig. 8 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 8 Palaeobiogeographic distribution of genera Mojsisovicsteuthis and Breviconoteuthis (Anisian–Carnian). While Mojsisovicsteuthis (larger straight phragmocone) shows large geographic distribution, the genus Breviconoteuthis (smaller phragmocone) is known only from few sites in the Alpine-Carpathian system

Fig. 4 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 4 Associated conodont fauna recorded at the locality Podhradie. All specimens come from the Bed 3. A Paragondolella trammeri (Kozur, 1972). B Paragondolella cf. alpina (Kozur & Mostler, 1982). C Paragondolella slugovensis (Ramovš, 1996). D Paragondolella ex gr. praeszaboi (Kovács et al., 1996). E, F Neogondolella constricta (Mosher & Clark, 1965). G Paragondolella praeszaboi (Kovácset al., 1996). H Paragondolella cf. praeszaboi (Kovács et al., 1996). I–K Paragondolella bifurcata Budurov & Stefanov, 1972. Scale bar 200 μm (A) and 200 μm (B–K)

Fig. 5 in Rare Middle Triassic coleoids from the Alpine-Carpathian system: new records from Slovakia and their significance

Fig. 5 Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi (StÜrzenbaum, 1875). A–D Specimen No. KGP-KO-001, upper Anisian, lower Illyrian, Harmanecká Cave—Kozelník, Slovakia. A Dorso-ventral view; B lateral view; C cross-section; D position of the siphuncle (s). E–H Specimen No. T.3593. E Dorso-ventral view; F lateral view; G, H Cross-section with position of the siphuncle (H. enlarged); I Cross-section of the apical part. J–P. Holotype No. T.829. Bakony (Hungary), Anisian, Reitzi Zone. J Original figure of StÜrzenbaum (1875), lateral view; K lateral view; L dorso-ventral view; M cross-section; N original figure of StÜrzenbaum (1875) with missinterpreted position of the siphuncle; O, P longitudinal section of the phragmocone with septa arrangement (partly seen). Q The largest specimen No. T.3137 in the lateral view. Scale bar equals 1 cm

Fig. 9 in The research history of the Middle Triassic fishes of Monte San Giorgio: getting out of the shadow of aquatic reptiles

Fig. 9 Prosantichthys (= Pholidophoridae gen. et sp. indet. by BÜrgin, 1999a, 1999b), plate and counterplate, PIMUZ T 3928

Fig. 7 Eoeugnathus megalepis BROUGH 1939 in The research history of the Middle Triassic fishes of Monte San Giorgio: getting out of the shadow of aquatic reptiles

Fig. 7 Eoeugnathus megalepis BROUGH 1939, composite reconstruction by the author based mainly on PIMUZ T 1356

Fig. 5 Various actinopterygian fishes from Monte San Giorgio, A in The research history of the Middle Triassic fishes of Monte San Giorgio: getting out of the shadow of aquatic reptiles

Fig. 5 Various actinopterygian fishes from Monte San Giorgio, A, large-sized fishes (30–100 cm), B medium-sized fishes (10–29 cm), C small sized fishes (2–9 cm); reconstructions by the author. 1—Birgeria stensiöi, 2—Saurichthys curionii, 3—Colobodus bassanii, 4—Ptycholepis barboi, 5—Bobasatrania ceresiensis, 6—Pholidopleurus ticinensis, 7—Ticinolepis crassidens, 8—Ctenognathichthys bellotti, 9—Meridensia meridensis, 10—Peltopleurus lissocephalus, 11—Aetheodontus besanensis, 12—Placopleurus minus, 13—Habroichthys minimus, 14—Luganoia lepidosteoides, 15—Peltoperleidus macrodontus, 16—Ophiopsidae indet. Scale bars A and B = 10 cm, C = 1 cm