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opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Negative mood affects the expression of negative but not positive emotions in mice

Whether, and to what extent animals experience emotions is crucial for understanding their decisions and behaviour, and underpins a range of scientific fields, including animal behaviour, neuroscience, evolutionary biology and animal welfare science. However, research has predominantly focussed on alleviating negative emotions in animals, with the expression of positive emotions left largely unexplored. Therefore, little is known about positive emotions in animals and how their expression is mediated. We used tail handling to induce negative mood in laboratory mice and found that whilst being more anxious and depressed increased their expression of a discrete negative emotion ('disappointment') meaning that they were less resilient to negative events, their capacity to express a discrete positive emotion ('elation') was unaffected relative to control mice. Therefore, we show not only that mice have discrete positive emotions, but that they do so regardless of their current mood state. Our findings are the first to suggest that the expression of discrete positive and negative emotions in animals are not equally affected by long-term mood state. Our results also demonstrate that repeated negative events can have a cumulative effect to reduce resilience in laboratory animals, which has significant implications for animal welfare.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: Microplastics negatively affect soil fauna but stimulate microbial activity: insights from a field-based microplastic addition experiment

Microplastics are recognized as an emerging contaminant worldwide. Although microplastics have been shown to strongly affect organisms in aquatic environments, less is known about whether and how microplastics can affect different taxa within a soil community, and it is unclear whether these effects can cascade through soil food webs. By conducting a microplastic manipulation experiment, i.e. adding low-density polyethylene fragments in the field, we found that microplastic addition significantly affected the composition and abundance of microarthropod and nematode communities. Contrary to soil fauna, we found only small effects of microplastics on the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities. Nevertheless, structural equation modeling revealed that the effects of microplastics strongly cascade through the soil food webs, leading to the modification of microbial functioning with further potential consequences on soil carbon and nutrient cycling. Our results highlight that taking into account the effects of microplastics at different trophic levels is important to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the ecological impacts of microplastic pollution on soil functioning.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2024View details →

Artificial Light at Night weakens body condition but does not negatively affect physiological markers of health in great tits.

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Figure 4 in Groundwater decline has negatively affected the well-preserved amphibian community of Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

Figure 4. Number of amphibian species in each grid cell in the 2003-2004 and 2021-2022 survey periods (grid cells with red borders = dry ponds with 0 species).

Figure 3 in Groundwater decline has negatively affected the well-preserved amphibian community of Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

Figure 3. Number of grid cells in which each amphibian species occurred in the 2003-2004 and 2021-2022 survey periods. (Number of grid cells in 2003-2004 = 128, number of grid cells in 2021-2022 = 102).

Figure 2 in Groundwater decline has negatively affected the well-preserved amphibian community of Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

Figure 2. Occurrence of each amphibian species in Doñana National Park during the 2003-2004 and 2021-2022 survey periods. The first map shows the grid cells sampled during each survey period; in orange are the grid cells only surveyed in 2003-2004, in dark green are those only surveyed in 2021-2022, and in light green are those sampled during both periods. Red-bordered are the grid cells with data for 2003-2004 from ponds that were dry in 2021-2022. Similar colours are shown

Figure 1 in Groundwater decline has negatively affected the well-preserved amphibian community of Doñana National Park (SW Spain)

Figure 1. (A): Map of Doñana National Park (SW Spain) showing the sandy area (stabilized and moving dunes), and marsh. It also includes the cartography of temporary ponds, and permanent ponds (as per Gómez-Rodríguez et al., 2011). (B): Ponds Downloaded from Brill.com 08/07/2024 04:54:25PM sampled and the percentage of terrestrial vegetation via Openobserved Accessin. This their is basinsan.open access article distributed under the terms

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Plant species richness negatively affects root decomposition in grasslands

Plant diversity enhances many ecosystem functions, including root biomass production, which drives soil carbon input. Although root decomposition accounts for a large proportion of carbon input for soil, little is known about plant diversity effect on this process. Plant diversity may affect root decomposition in two non-exclusive ways: by providing roots of different substrate quality (e.g. root chemistry) and/or by altering the soil environment (e.g. microclimate). To disentangle these two pathways, we conducted three decomposition experiments using a litter-bag approach in a grassland biodiversity experiment. We hypothesized that: (i) plant species richness negatively affects substrate quality (indicated by increased C:N ratios), which we tested by decomposing roots collected from each experimental plot in one common plot; (ii) plant species richness positively affects soil environment (indicated by increased soil water content), which we tested by decomposing standardized roots in all experimental plots; (iii) the overall effect of plant species richness on root decomposition, due to the contrast between quality and environmental effects, is neutral, which we tested by decomposing community roots in their 'home' plots. Plant species richness negatively affected root decomposition in all three experiments. The negative effect of plant species richness on substrate quality was largely explained by increased root C:N ratios along the diversity gradient. Functional group presence explained more variance in substrate quality than species richness. Here, the presence of grasses negatively affected substrate quality and root C:N ratios, while the presence of legumes and small herbs had positive effects. Plant species richness had a negative effect on soil environment despite its positive effect on soil water content which is known to stimulate decomposition. We argue that – instead of soil water content – a combined effect of soil temperature and seasonality might drive environmental effect of plant diversity on decomposition in our plant communities, but this remains to be tested. Synthesis. Our results demonstrate that both substrate quality and soil environment contribute to the net negative effect of plant diversity on root decomposition. This study promotes our mechanistic understanding of increased soil carbon accumulation in more diverse grassland plant communities.

Neural Mechanisms of Interpersonal Expectations on Negative Affect

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06980090. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.

The Effects of Mindfulness Training on Pain Regulation, Negative Affect, Attention, and Social Stress

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01301105. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Treating Negative Affect in Low Back Pain Patients

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04747314. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Negative Postprandial Effect on Endothelium After a Not-healthy Meal in Type 2 Diabetes as Affected by Training

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01991769. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Testing if Reductions in Negative Affect Yield Decreased Emotional Eating Symptoms

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03040076. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 26.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

Efficacy of an Online Self-help Program for Negative Affect and Depression

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05293691. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

Effects of Negative Affect in Individuals With Binge Eating Episodes

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03393039. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.

publicAug 2020View details →

Data from: Microplastics negatively affect soil fauna but stimulate microbial activity: insights from a field-based microplastic addition experiment

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publicMar 2021View details →

Data from: Variable and consistent traffic noise negatively affect the sleep behavior of a free-living songbird

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