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56 results for “Oligohymenophorea”
FIGURE 3 in An annotated checklist of species in the family Lagenophryidae (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea, Peritrichia), With a brief review of their taxonomy, morphology, and biogeography
FIGURE 3. Dorsal views of six species of Lagenophrys illustrating interspecific diversity in characteristics of the lorica, especially the aperture, and the shape and position of the macronucleus. A. L. crutchfieldi. B. L. callinectes. C. L. novazealandae. D. L. matthesi. E. L. branchiarum. F. L. nassa. A, from Clamp, 1993; B, from Clamp, 1989; C, from Clamp, 1994; D–F, from Clamp, 1984. Abbreviation: Dv, plane of division. All scale bars = 10µm.
FIGURE 8 in An annotated checklist of species in the family Lagenophryidae (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea, Peritrichia), With a brief review of their taxonomy, morphology, and biogeography
FIGURE 8. Infraciliature of the infundibular polykineties of lagenophryids (see fig. 1 for reference). A, Lagenophrys labiata. B, L. discoidea. C, Paralagenophrys singularis. D, Operculigera parastacis. A–B, from Clamp 1990a; C, from Clamp 1987b; D, from Clamp 1991. Abbreviations: P1, infundibular polykinety 1; P2, infundibular polykinety 2; P3, infundibular polykinety 3; Pk, peristomial polykinety. All scale bars = 5µm.
FIGURE 5 in An annotated checklist of species in the family Lagenophryidae (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea, Peritrichia), With a brief review of their taxonomy, morphology, and biogeography
FIGURE 5. Characteristics of Paralagenophrys and Setonophrys. A, Dorsal view of P. singularis. B. dorsal view of S. communis. C, lateral view of S. seticola showing contraction of the posterior lip of the lorica aperture against the rigid anterior lip to close the aperture. A, from Clamp 1987b; B–C, from Clamp 1991. Abbreviations: AL, anterior lip of lorica aperture; LR, rim of lorica; LX, longitudinal axis of organism; PL, posterior lip of lorica aperture; PM, myoneme in edge of peristomial lip. All scale bars = 10µm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new earthworm ciliates, Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. and Anoplophrya simplex sp. nov. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea: Astomatia)
FIGURE 2. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A–C. elongated form (drawing after silver staining); B–C. elongated forms. B. double staining by DAPI (blue) and immunofluorescence microscopy (IF) using FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); C. DAPI staining and bright field microscopy merge; D. stocky form (drawing after silver staining); E. stocky form stained by DAPI and FITC-conjugated anti-tubulin antibody (green); F. Bright field microscopy of a silver stained stocky form; Ma. macronucleus; Mi. micronucleus; Sb. skeletal branch; Sf. skeletal fibres; Vp. pulsatile vacuoles. Scale bar: 20 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new earthworm ciliates, Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. and Anoplophrya simplex sp. nov. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea: Astomatia)
FIGURE 3. Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face with the skeletal apparatus in elongated form; B. ciliature of the ventral face in stocky form; C. ciliature of the dorsal face of elongated form; D. details of the skeletal apparatus; Fk. folding of kineties; Sl. suture line; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm.
FIGURE 5 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new earthworm ciliates, Hoplitophrya polymorphus sp. nov. and Anoplophrya simplex sp. nov. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea: Astomatia)
FIGURE 5. Anoplophrya simplex sp. nov. A. ciliature of the ventral face; B. ciliature of the dorsal face; Ss. Secant system. Scale bar: 20 µm.
Fig. 38 in New Paramecium (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) congeners shape our view on its biodiversity
Fig. 38 Schematical images of major Parameciom morphospecies made according to its morphometric data (reprint of Fig. 1 from Fokin 2010/11). a P. moltimicronocleatom, b P. caodatom, c P. jenningsi, d P. schewiakoffi, e P. boetschlii sp. nov., f P. woodroffi, g P. aorelia, h
Fig. 35 in New Paramecium (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) congeners shape our view on its biodiversity
Fig. 35 Dendrogram (a) for hierarchical clustering (UPGMA) and topogram (b) for non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) of morphometric and morphobiological characteristics of 16 Parameciom species. AU P. aorelia, BU P. borsaria, CA P. caodatom, CL P. calkinsi, DU P. doboscqoi, JE P. jenningsi, MU P. moltimicronocleatom, NR P. nephridiatom, PB BEocandidatos P. brazilianum^, PG BEocandidatos P. germanicum^, PH BEocandidatos P. hungarianum^, PN P. boetschlii sp. nov., PO P. polycaryom, PU P. potrinom, SH P. schewiakoffi, WO P. woodroffi
Fig. 27–29 in New Paramecium (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) congeners shape our view on its biodiversity
Fig. 27–29 Morphology of BEocandidatos P. brazilianum^. 27 Ventral view of silver nitrate-impregnated cell. 28 General view of the Feulgenstained cell with macronucleus (MA) fragmentation and two surrounding micronuclei (indicated by arrows). 29 Nuclear apparatus of the cell with fragmented MA and surrounding micronuclei (arrows) in higher magnification. Bars 30 μm (27, 28), 15 μm (29)
Fig. 30–34 in New Paramecium (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) congeners shape our view on its biodiversity
Fig. 30–34 Morphology of BEocandidatos P. hungarianum^. 30 Living ciliate with visible contractile vacuoles (CV) and macronucleus (MA). DIC contrast. 31–32 Ventral (31) and dorsal (32) views with indications for cytoproct (C) and pores of the contractile vacuoles (PCV). Silver nitrate impregnation. 33 Nuclear apparatus of the ciliate with MA and surrounding micronuclei (indicated by arrows). Feulgen-stained cell. 34 Nuclear apparatus with MA and MI (arrows). Large magnification. Bars 15 μm (30), 13 μm (31, 32), 20 μm (33), 10 μm (34)
Fig. 17–22 in New Paramecium (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) congeners shape our view on its biodiversity
Fig. 17–22 Nuclear reorganization in P. boetschlii sp. nov. during conjugation. 17 Early micronuclear migration. 18 Prophase of the first meiotic division of the micronucleus. 19 The third synkaryon division in exconjugant. Four spindles of synkaryon derivates are marked by wedgetailed arrows; three of the four products indicated by large arrows (micronuclear anlagen) and by arrowheads (macronuclear anlagen). 20–21 Exconjugant cell with eight products of synkaryon division and fragments of the old macronucleus (bold arrow) under different magnification. 22 Exconjugant cell with more developed macronuclear anlagen. Bars 15 μm (17), 10 μm (18, 19), 30 μm (20), 15 μm (21, 22)
FIGURES 22–30 in Morphology and infraciliature of a new marine ciliate, Cinetochilum ovale n. sp. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
FIGURES 22–30. Morphology and infraciliature of Cinetochilum species. (22–25) C. margaritaceum (22 and 23, from Puytorac et al. 1974; 24 and 25, from Kahl 1931). (26) C. australiense (from Pomp & Wilbert 1988). (27) C. impatiens (from Penard 1922). (28) C. mirum (from Penard 1922). (29, 30) C. marinum (from Kahl 1931). Scale bars = 20 µm.
FIGURES 1–7 in Morphology and infraciliature of a new marine ciliate, Cinetochilum ovale n. sp. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
FIGURES 1–7. Morphology and infraciliature of Cinetochilum ovale n. sp. from live cells (1–3) and after protargol impregnations (4–7). (1, 2) Ventral views of two typical individuals. (3) Lateral view. (4) Structural details of oral area. Arrow marks the extra dikinetids near the anterior end of somatic kinety 1, and double-arrowheads indicate the anteriormost row in membranelle 1, which is detached from the remaining two rows. (5, 6) Ventral (5) and dorsal (6) views of the infraciliature. Arrow indicates the anterior suture. (7) Ventral view of a divider, showing the nature of 3-rowed membranelle 1 (arrowhead). Cy = cyrtos-like structure; M1-3 = membranelles 1–3; Ma = macronucleus; Mi = micronucleus; PF = postoral kinetofragment; PM= paroral kinety; Sc = scutica; SK1, 2, n-1 and n = somatic kinety 1, 2, n-1 and n. Scale bar = 10 µm.
FIGURES 8–21. Cinetochilum ovale n in Morphology and infraciliature of a new marine ciliate, Cinetochilum ovale n. sp. (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
FIGURES 8–21. Cinetochilum ovale n. sp. from live cells (8–12) and after protargol impregnations (13–21). (8–12) Ventral (8, 11, 12) and dorsal (9, 10) views, showing one of the caudal cilia (arrowhead), the contractile vacuole (arrows in 9 and 10), and the oral field (arrows in 12). (13, 16) Dorsal views of the infraciliature, showing the micronucleus (arrowhead) and one of the caudal kinetosome (arrow). (14, 15) Ventral views of the infraciliature, arrow marks the anterior portion of somatic kinety 2, arrowhead indicates the anterior end of SKn-1 with two kinetosomal pairs side by side. (17) Showing the paroral kinety (arrowhead) and the scutica (arrow). (18) To note the anterior-most row in membranelle 1 and the somatic kinety n. (19) Showing the three membranelles (M1–3) and the three postoral kinetofragments (arrow). (20) Focusing on the cyrtos-like structure. (21) A specimen in morphogenesis. Scale bar = 20 µm.
Oligohymenophorea sp. PL0344
<p>Genome and transcriptome sequencing of Oligohymenophorea sp. PL0344.</p>
Figure 11 in The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Figure 11. Secondary structure of the 18S rRNA molecule of Hysterocineta bellerophon. Arrows mark molecular synapomorphies of the 'paravorax' clade. Primary nucleotide homologies are scaưered throughout the whole 18S rRNA molecule, suggesting a long common evolution of the 'paravorax' clade. Thus, 'paravorax' clade-specific nucleotide characters are situated in terminal loops of helices (six nucleotide positions), bulges (six positions), single-stranded regions (four positions), and double-stranded regions (32 positions). There are as many as 48 molecular synapomorphies and four indels in the 18S rRNA molecule, corroborating the common origin of hysterocinetids and other members of the 'paravorax' clade. Mutations in the double-stranded regions are typically involved in compensatory base changes or retain helical structure when involved in non-canonical pairings in helices 27 and 43. The 18S secondary structure map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (inset) is from hưp://apollo.chemistry.gatech.edu/RibosomeGallery.
Figure 8 in The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Figure 8. Phylogenetic tree based on the nuclear 18S rRNA gene and mitochondrial COI sequences, showing the phylogenetic position of hysterocinetids within the subclass Hymenostomatia. Ichthyophthirius multifiliis was used as an outgroup, following Zhang and Vďačný (2022). Posterior probabilities for Bayesian inference conducted in MrBayes and bootstrap values for maximum likelihood conducted in IQ-Tree were mapped onto the 50%-majority rule Bayesian consensus tree. Fully statistically supported nodes are marked with red solid circles. The scale bar denotes two substitutions per 10 nucleotide positions. The oral apparatus of tetrahymenids is morphologically plastic (right inset). Most species have maintained the plesiomorphic condition, while some have completely lost the oral apparatus (Clausilocola) or have evolved a highly complex, peritrich-like oral ciliature that was displaced posteriorly (hysterocinetids). Diagrams of Tetrahymena and Clausilocola in the right inset are from Zhang and Vďačný (2022, 2023).
Figure 10 in The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Figure 10. Phylogenetic tree based on the nuclear 18S and mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences, showing the phylogenetic position of hysterocinetids within the class Oligohymenophorea. Note that hysterocinetids are nested within the 'paravorax' clade of the genus Tetrahymena. The 'paravorax' clade, at the present state of knowledge, comprises both free-living (e.g. T. paravorax), as well as endosymbiotic ciliates associated with freshwater planarians (T. nigricans), bivalves (T. glochidiophila and T. unionis), and lumbricid earthworms (Hysterocineta bellerophon and Protoptychostomum simplex). Posterior probabilities for Bayesian inference conducted in MrBayes and bootstrap values for maximum likelihood conducted in IQ-Tree were mapped onto the 50%-majority rule Bayesian consensus tree. Fully statistically supported nodes are marked with red solid circles. The scale bar denotes one substitution per ten nucleotide positions.
Figure 7 in The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Figure 7. Phylogenetic tree based on the 18S rRNA gene, showing the phylogenetic position of hysterocinetids within the class Oligohymenophorea. The class Colpodea was used as an outgroup, following Zhang and Vďačný (2022). Although hysterocinetids are morphologically highly dissimilar from Tetrahymena, they are nested within its 'paravorax' clade with strong statistical support (100% ML bootstrap, 1.00 posterior probability). The 'paravorax' clade thus became paraphyletic and its name-bearing species T. paravorax is depicted as a sister-taxon of both hysterocinetids with full support. Posterior probabilities for Bayesian inference conducted in MrBayes and bootstrap values for maximum likelihood conducted in IQ-Tree were mapped onto the 50%-majority rule Bayesian consensus tree. Fully statistically supported nodes are marked with red solid circles. The scale bar denotes eight substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions.
Figure 14 in The search finds an end: the morphologically chimeric hysterocinetids belong to the subclass Hymenostomatia (Ciliophora: Oligohymenophorea)
Figure 14. Secondary structure of the C, 3ʹM and 3ʹm domains of the 16S rRNA molecule of Hysterocineta bellerophon. Arrows mark molecular synapomorphies of the 'paravorax' clade. Similarly to the homologous nuclear 18S, molecular synapomorphies are distributed across the whole 16S rRNA molecule: 13 nucleotides in the C domain, seven in the 3'M domain, and two in the 3'm domain. Thus, 'paravorax' cladespecific nucleotide characters are situated in terminal loops of helices (three nucleotide positions), bulges and single-stranded regions (seven positions), as well as in the double-stranded regions (12 positions). As in 18S and 28S, many more mutations are involved in Watson‒Crick and wobble pairings than in non-canonical interactions in the double-stranded regions of the 16S rRNA molecule. The 16S secondary structure map of Escherichia coli (inset) is from hưp://apollo.chemistry.gatech.edu/RibosomeGallery.
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