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Fig. 10 in Pampean megamammals in Europe: the fossil collections from Santiago Roth

Fig. 10 Preservation treatment on Roth´s collection Catalogue No. 5 at PIMUZ. Unidentified, old consolidant ageing: yellowing and flaking (A). Unidentified adhesive, yellowed, sticky, and chemically irreversible (B). Labelling in 3 steps: application of 20% Paraloid B-72 in acetone as a protective base layer (C); label written with india ink and quill (D), and gentle application of 20% Paraloid B-72 as a top coat (E). Application of the top coat may sometimes cause numbers to run. Sufficient drying time is needed between each layer. A 50% Paraloid B-72 solution was sometimes used as a top coat. In E, the label was written on a layer of titanium white acrylic paint, after the base coat, for contrast. Housing process: "Cavity" mount out of ethafoam according to specimen's contours (F); cushion the cavity with polyester batting (G), and cut outline around cavity and tuck Tyvek material (42 g/m2) into a slit to secure in place (H) (Dzinak, 2017)

Fig. 2 in Pampean megamammals in Europe: the fossil collections from Santiago Roth

Fig. 2 Some personalities that represents the pillars for their contribution to the studies on geology, stratigraphy, paleontology, and biochronology from the Pampean region. From left to right: Santiago Roth (A), Alfred Doering (B), Florentino Ameghino (C), Carl Burckhardt (D), Joaquín Frenguelli (E), and Eduardo Tonni (F). Images A, D, and E modified from Riccardi (2011); B from Tonni (2021); C drawing by R. Veroni, 1943 (archive from MACN-PV)

Fig. 4 in Pampean megamammals in Europe: the fossil collections from Santiago Roth

Fig. 4 Cover of one of the most influential works by Roth (1888a) with his fundamentals on the stratigraphy of the Pampean region (left). This contribution contains the stratigraphic section from the Paraná riverbank (top right), today crucial information to interpret Roth´s ideas and the major divisions of the "pampean formation" (Roth, 1888a: 404). Photograph of "La Elisa", the first slaughterhouse in South America, built in 1882 in the town of San Nicolás de los Arroyos (photograph from the archives of the Museo y Archivo Histórico "Gregorio Santiago Chervo") (bottom right). The excavations for the construction of "La Elisa" benefited access to the stratigraphical sections of the riverbanks of the Paraná River

Fig. 9 in Pleistocene South American native ungulates (Notoungulata and Litopterna) of the historical Roth collections in Switzerland, from the Pampean Region of Argentina

Fig. 9 Cervical (C2–7) and thoracic (T1–5) vertebrae of Macrauchenia patachonica (PIMUZ A/V 5700). A1–3 Second cervical vertebra (C2) in anterior (A1), left lateral (A2), and ventral (A3) views. B1–3 Third cervical vertebra (C3) in anterior (B1), left lateral (B2; mirrored), and ventral (B3) views. C1–3 Fourth cervical vertebra (C4) in anterior (C1), left lateral (C2), and ventral (C3) views. D1–3 Fifth cervical vertebra (C5) in anterior (D1), left lateral (D2), and ventral (D3) views. E1–3 Sixth cervical vertebra (C6) in anterior (E1), left lateral (E2; mirrored), and ventral (E3) views. F1–3 Seventh cervical vertebra (C7) in anterior (F1), left lateral (F2), and ventral (F3) views. G1–3 First thoracic vertebra (T1) in anterior (G1), left lateral (G2; mirrored), and ventral (G3) views. H1–3 Second thoracic vertebra (T2) in anterior (H1), left lateral (H2), and ventral (H3) views. I1–3. Third thoracic vertebra (T3) in anterior (I1), left lateral (I2), and ventral (I3) views. J1–3. Fourth thoracic vertebra (T4) in anterior (J1), left lateral (J2), and ventral (J3) views. K1–3 Fifth thoracic vertebra (T5) in anterior (K1), left lateral (K2; mirrored), and ventral (K3) views. ant fov anterior costal fovea, dor dorsal, fov tran costal fovea of transverse process, nu can nutrient canal, odon proc odontoid process, postzyg postzygapophysis, pos fov posterior costal fovea, prezyg prezygapophysis, spin proc spinous process, tr for transverse foramen, tr proc transverse process, tub small posterior transverse process tubercle, vent ventral

Fig. 8 in Pleistocene South American native ungulates (Notoungulata and Litopterna) of the historical Roth collections in Switzerland, from the Pampean Region of Argentina

Fig. 8 Upper dentition of Macraucheniidae. A Illustration of a Cramauchenia normalis upper molar (M1) indicating the cusps and cristae. B Illustration of a Theosodon lydekkeri upper molar (M1) indicating the cusps and cristae. C Illustration of a Macrauchenia patachonica upper molar (M1) indicating the cusps and cristae. D–F Relatively unworn left upper molar (M2) of Ma. patachonica (PIMUZ A/V 4119) in occlusal (D), lingual (E), and mesial (F) views. G–I. Worn right upper molar (M2; here mirrored) of Ma. patachonica (PIMUZ A/V 4118) in occlusal (G), lingual (H), and mesial (I) views. J–L. Unworn right deciduous premolar (dP4; here mirrored) of Ma. patachonica (MHNG GEPI V3659) in occlusal (J), buccal (K), and lingual (L) views. M Left maxilla fragment with P4, M1–2 of Ma. patachonica (MHNG GEPI V3659). The illustration of C. normalis' M1 in A of was based on the specimens MLP 83-III-2–1 and MLP 85-V-VII-3-38a. The illustration of T. lydekkeri' s M1 in B was based on the specimens MACN-A 9269–88 and YPM VPPU 015717.The illustration of Ma. patachonica's M1 in C was based on the specimen MACN-PV 11361, among other specimens. In A–C, the labels of controversial structures are in bold and relevant cusps are highlighted in different colours: blue for paraconule, red for protocone, green for metaconule, yellow for hypocone, and dark yellow for hypocone–metaconule. Notice that even though the dP4 (J–L) and the maxilla fragment with P4, M1–2 (M) share the same specimen number (MHNG GEPI V3659), these are from different individuals considering their different and incompatible ontogenetic stage (see the extreme wear in the permanent P4 in M). dif distolingual fossette, ecg ectocingulum, ets entostyle, hy hypocone, hy-mtl hypocone–metaconule, lmef lingual median fossete, maf mesiolabial fossette, me metacone, mef median fossette, mif mesiolingual fossette, ms mesostyle, mt metastyle, mtl metaconule, pa paracone, pcg precingulum, pplc preparaconule crista, pprc preprotocrista, pr protocone, prl paraconule, ps parastyle, pscg postcingulum, psmlc postmetaconule crista, psplc postparaconule crista, psprc postprotocrista, tb trigon basin

Fig. 10 in Pleistocene South American native ungulates (Notoungulata and Litopterna) of the historical Roth collections in Switzerland, from the Pampean Region of Argentina

Fig. 10 Right forelimb of Macrauchenia patachonica (PIMUZ A/V 5700). A–C Scapula in lateral (A), medial (B), and distal (C) views. D–H Humerus in proximal (D), anterior (E), posterior (F), medial (G), and lateral (H) views. I–J Ulna-radius in anterior (I) and posterior (J) views. K Manus (carpals, metacarpals and phalanges) in anterior view. In E the olecranon fossa was restored, so it in PIMUZ is not as deep as it should be. In K the carpals and metacarpals were glued together with the different elements in the right position, but in many cases with a wrong orientation (e.g., pisiform and Mc IV). In addition, the ungual phalanx of the third digit is fragmentary, preserving only its distomedial portion. ae aliform expansion of the radius, bg bicipital groove; ca, capitulum, ce capitular eminence, ch crest of the humerus, ctm crista tuberculi minoris, cu cuneiform, dpc deltopectoral crest, dt deltoid tuberosity, gl glenoid cavity; gt, greater tubercle, h head of the humerus, hp hamatus process, ht humeral trochlea, if fossa infraspinata, it intermediate tubercle, le lateral epicondyle, lt lesser tubercle; lu lunate, ma magnum, mcp medial coronoid process (processus coronoideus medialis), me medial epicondyle, of olecranon fossa, ol olecranon (tuber olecrani), pa anconeal process (processus anconeus), pi pisiform, ra radius, rf radial fossa; rt, radial or bicipital tuberosity (tuberositas radii), sc scaphoid, scn scapular notch, sf fossa supraspinata, shp suprahamatus process, sp styloid process (processus styloideus), sr supracondylar ridge, st supraglenoid tubercle, tr trapezium, trd trapezoid, trl tricipital line, tsp tuber of the scapular spine, ttm tuberosity of the teres major, ul ulna, un unciform

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Eutatus Gervais (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) from the Late Pleistocene of the Northern Pampean Region, Argentina

FIGURE 4. Scatterplot (CV1 versus CV2) from Canonical Variate Analysis of osteoderms of Eutatus. Shape change across axes is represented as wireframe for the positive and negative values. 95 % confidence ellipse for E. seguini, E. pascuali and E. crispianii sp. nov. are shown. E. crispianii sp. nov. (black circles), E. seguini (white circles) and E. pascuali (red circles).

FIGURE 3 in A new species of Eutatus Gervais (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) from the Late Pleistocene of the Northern Pampean Region, Argentina

FIGURE 3. Bivariate plot showing relationship between the width and length of fixed osteoderms of E. crispianii sp. nov. (black circles), E. seguini (white circles) and E. pascuali (red circles).

FIGURE 2. 1 in A new species of Eutatus Gervais (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) from the Late Pleistocene of the Northern Pampean Region, Argentina

FIGURE 2. 1, Fixed osteoderms of Eutatus crispianii sp. nov. MGPV-E1; 2, E. seguini MACN10160a; 3, E. seguini MACN2772; 4, E. pascuali MMP1212. af, anterior foramina; facf, foramina around the central figure.

FIGURE 1. 1 in A new species of Eutatus Gervais (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) from the Late Pleistocene of the Northern Pampean Region, Argentina

FIGURE 1. 1, Landmark configuration on schematic osteoderm of Eutatus; landmarks (dark gray circles) and semilandmarks (white circles); 2, Box-and-whisker plot showing centroid sizes of E. seguini, E. pascuali and E. crispianii. The central bar of each box represents the median of the population, while upper and lower bounds are 75th and 25th percentiles, respectively. Boxes show 50 % of the population and whiskers extend showing the minimum and maximum values in a range of 1.5 times the length of the box. Circles mark the atypical values of CS located beyond to 1.5 times the box length distances.

Fig. 6 in Biology of growth of Hoplias aff. malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) in a shallow pampean lake (Argentina)

Fig. 6. Von Bertalanffy growth curves of trahira Hoplias aff. malabaricus obtained by several studies in South America (see Table 2 for sources information): Yalca summer group 1, Y1; Yalca spring group, Y2; Chascomús, C; Indio Muerto, IM; Monte, M; Lobos, L; Cienaga Grande de Lorica, CGL; Amanari Maranguepe female, AM f; Amanari Maranguepe male, AM m.

Fig. 3 in Biology of growth of Hoplias aff. malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) in a shallow pampean lake (Argentina)

Fig. 3. Frequency distribution of total lengths of the trahira Hoplias aff. malabaricus captured during the entire sampling period.

Fig. 5 in Biology of growth of Hoplias aff. malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) in a shallow pampean lake (Argentina)

Fig. 5. Trahira annual variation of observed individual Gonadosomatic index (GSI) and its respective fitted model, and expanded condition index (Knexp) curve (a). Mean relative marginal-increment scale index (MI%) and its respective standard deviations at each sampling date with the corresponding fitted model. Asterisk in MI (%) curve indicates the mean date of ring formation. Different letters below the MI% mean values indicate significant differences (p<0.05) (b).

Fig. 1 in Biology of growth of Hoplias aff. malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) in a shallow pampean lake (Argentina)

Fig. 1. Geographical location of Yalca Lake and its geographical position in south America. The sampling stations in the lake are indicated.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Data for the "Tomographic Imaging of the Pampean Flat Slab: Evidence of Subduction Erosion and Volatile Migration"

This repository includes: 1. README - explanation of the information in each column for the datasets 2. regional.data.gz - automated catalogue of earthquake locations with P and S arrival times used in the tomography 3. surfacewave.data.gz – dispersion curves (ambient noise and "virtual") used in the tomography 4. station.list – locations of the seismic stations used in this study 5. finmod.ascii.gz - the preferred final model from the tomography (in ASCII format)

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Fig. 3 in Helminth communities from amphibians inhabiting agroecosystems in the Pampean Region (Argentina)

Fig. 3. Similarity matrix and dendrogram.

Fig. 9 in Pleistocene South American native ungulates (Notoungulata and Litopterna) of the historical Roth collections in Switzerland, from the Pampean Region of Argentina

Fig. 9 (See legend on previous page.)

Fig. 3 in Pampean megamammals in Europe: the fossil collections from Santiago Roth

Fig. 3 Principal stratigraphic schemes for the Pampean region

Fig. 8 in Pleistocene South American native ungulates (Notoungulata and Litopterna) of the historical Roth collections in Switzerland, from the Pampean Region of Argentina

Fig. 8 (See legend on previous page.)