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4,432 results for “Recovery”
The recovery of plant community composition following passive restoration across spatial scales, Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, 1983-2016
1. Human impacts have led to dramatic biodiversity change which can be highly scale-dependent across space and time. A primary means to manage these changes is via passive (here, the removal of disturbance) or active (management interventions) ecological restoration. The recovery of biodiversity, following the removal of disturbance is often incomplete relative to some kind of reference target. The magnitude of recovery of ecological systems following disturbance depend on the landscape matrix, as well as the temporal and spatial scales at which biodiversity is measured. 2. We measured the recovery of biodiversity and species composition over 27 years in 17 temperate grasslands abandoned after agriculture at different points in time, collectively forming a chronosequence since abandonment from one to eighty years. We compare these abandoned sites with known agricultural land-use histories to never-disturbed sites as relative benchmarks. We specifically measured aspects of diversity at the local plot-scale (α-scale, 0.5m2) and site-scale (γ-scale, 10m2), as well as the within-site heterogeneity (β-diversity) and among-site variation in species composition (turnover and nestedness). 3. At our α-scale, sites recovering after agricultural abandonment only had 70% of the plant species richness (and ~30% of the evenness), compared to never-ploughed sites. Within-site β-diversity recovered following agricultural abandonment to around 90% after 80 years. This effect, however, was not enough to lead to recovery at our γ-scale. Richness in recovering sites was ~65% of that in remnant never-ploughed sites. The presence of species characteristic of the never disturbed sites increased in the recovering sites through time. Forb and legume cover declines in years since abandonment, relative to graminoid cover across sites. 4. Synthesis. We found that, during the 80 years after agricultural abandonment, old-fields did not recover to the level of biodiversity in remnant never-plough
Stomatal Distribution and Post-fire Recovery: Intra- and Interspecific Variation in Plants of the Pyrogenic Florida Scrub, 2023-2024
Premise of the study: Amphistomy is the presence of stomata on both leaf surfaces. This distribution of stomata can increase photosynthesis, but is relatively infrequent, which is often attributed to high costs such as water loss. This study takes place in the Florida scrub- a hot, dry, shrub-dominated habitat that naturally experiences fire. However, decades of anthropogenic suppression and the reintroduction of controlled burns has created varied fire regimes across the region. In this study, we investigated the links between amphistomy and fire by determining (1) how common the trait is in this habitat, and (2) within-species variation before and after experimental fire, and across a time-since-fire gradient (0.25 - 50 years). Methods: We (1) surveyed 116 plant species across scrub habitats for amphistomy presence, and (2) experimentally and observationally investigated intraspecific variation in stomatal traits in response to fire for two post-fire resprouting species of palmetto, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia (Arecaceae). Key results: Amphistomy was present in 62.9% of all surveyed species and 85.7% of post-fire obligate reseeders, suggesting amphistomy may be beneficial in this group and in the Florida scrub conditions. The stomatal ratio (upper/total stomatal density) was generally stable in response to fire. Stomatal density decreased following fire in S. etonia, with both species experiencing high variation in the post-fire years. Conclusions: Amphistomy is common in this habitat and relatively stable within species in response to fire, while stomatal density responds plastically during postfire regrowth.
Disturbance and recovery of salt marsh arthropod communities in Louisiana and Mississippi following the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico
Oil spills represent a major environmental threat to coastal wetlands, which provide a variety of critical ecosystem services to humanity. The U.S. Gulf of Mexico is a hub of oil and gas exploration and production with recognized consequences on intertidal habitats, such as the salt marsh. Following the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill, we sampled the marine invertebrate and the terrestrial arthropod community found in stands of Spartina alterniflora, the most abundant plant in coastal salt marshes, in 2010 as oil was washing ashore and a year later in 2011. In 2010, intertidal crabs and terrestrial arthropods (insects and spiders) were suppressed by oil exposure even in seemingly unaffected stands of plants; however, Littoraria snails appeared unaffected. One year later, crab and arthropods appeared to have largely recovered. Our work is the first attempt that we know of assessing vulnerability of the salt marsh arthropod community to oil exposure, and it suggests that arthropods are both quite vulnerable to oil exposure, and quite resilient, able to recover from exposure within a year if host plants remain healthy. BP's Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf Coast presented an opportunity to understand how stress from an oil spill might affect variables that we were measuring in the area. The study was conducted at sites in Louisiana and Mississippi. At each site, a 100m transect was sampled within 5m of the dead zone boundary. Sampling was conducted in August 2010 and August 2011. The number of sites and location of sites differed slightly among years.
RCS01 Recovery and relative influence of root, microbial, and structural properties of soil on physically sequestered carbon stocks in restored grassland at Konza Prairie
Managing soil to sequester C can help mitigate increasing CO2 in the atmosphere. To maximize this ecosystem service, more knowledge of factors influencing C sequestration is needed. The objectives of this study were to (i) quantify recovery of the roots, microbial biomass and composition, and soil structure across a chronosequence of grassland restorations and (ii) use a structural equation model to develop a data-based hypothesis on the relative influence of physical and biological soil properties on the soil C aggregate fraction diagnostic of sequestered C. We hypothesized measured variables would recover with restoration age. Belowground plant biomass and tissue quality (C/N ratio), soil microbial biomass C, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentrations, soil structure, and soil C stocks in the bulk soil and each aggregate fraction were quantified from a cultivated field, prairies restored for 1 to 35-yr (n = 6), and a never-cultivated (native) prairie. Root biomass, microbial biomass C, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA biomass across the chronosequence increase to resemble native prairie following 35 yr of restoration. Many aspects of soil structure (i.e., bulk density, proportional mass of aggre- gate fractions, and aggregate mean weighted diameter) and the distribution C among soil fractions, including C in the micro-within-macro aggregate fraction (sequestered C), also became representative of native prairie within 35 yr of restoration. Total soil C stock and physically protected C increased at a similar rate (23 and 27 g C m-2 yr-1) respectively, across the chronosequence. After 35 yr of restoration, 50% of the total C pool was physically protected. The structural equation modeling developed by these data hypothesizes that microbial biomass C and AMF biomass (microbial composition) have the strongest causal influence on physically protected C. This model needs to be tested using independent sites to achieve greater inference.
Recovery of a tropical stream after a harvest-related chlorine poisoning event
1. Harvest-related poisoning events are common in tropical streams, yet research on stream recovery has largely been limited to temperate streams and generally does not include any measures of ecosystem function, such as leaf breakdown. 2. We assessed recovery of a second-order, high-gradient stream draining the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico, three months after a chlorine-bleach poisoning event. The illegal poisoning of freshwater shrimps for harvest caused massive mortality of shrimps and dramatic changes in those ecosystem properties influenced by shrimps. We determined recovery potential using an established recovery index and assessed actual recovery by examining whether the poisoned reach returned to conditions resembling an undisturbed upstream reference reach.3. Recovery potential was excellent (score=729 out of a possible 729) and can be attributed to nearby sources of organisms for colonization, the mobility of dominant organisms, unimpaired habitat, rapid flushing and processing of chlorine, and location within a national forest.4. Actual recovery was substantial. Comparison of the reference reach with the formerly poisoned reach indicated: (1) complete recovery of xiphocaridid and palaemonid shrimp population abundances, shrimp size distributions, leaf breakdown rates, and abundances of oligochaetes and mayflies on leaves, and (2) only small differences in atyid shrimp abundance and community and ecosystem properties influenced by atyid shrimps (standing stocks of epilithic fine inorganic and organic matter, chlorophyll a, and abundances of chironomids and copepods on leaves). 5. There was no detectable pattern between any measured variables and distance downstream from the poisoning. However, shrimp size-distributions indicated that the observed recovery may represent a source-sink dynamic, in which the poisoned reach acts as a sink which depletes adult shrimp populations from surrounding undisturbed habitats. Thus, the rapid recovery observe
Canopy damage and recovery following Hurricane Maria using multitemporal lidar data, Mar-2017 - Mar-2020, Puerto Rico
The data archive is here: http://dx.doi.org/10.15486/ngt/1797399 please use this DOI when citing this dataset. Hurricane Maria (Category 4) snapped and uprooted canopy trees, removed large branches, and defoliated vegetation across Puerto Rico. The magnitude of forest damages and the rates and mechanisms of forest recovery following Maria provide important benchmarks for understanding the ecology of extreme events. We used airborne lidar data acquired before (2017) and after Maria (2018, 2020) to quantify landscape-scale changes in forest structure along a 439-ha elevational gradient (100 to 800 m) in the Luquillo Experimental Forest. Damages from Maria were widespread, with 73% of the study area losing ≥1 m in canopy height (mean = -7.1 m). Taller forests at lower elevations suffered more damage than shorter forests above 600 m. Yet only 13% of the study area had canopy heights ≤2 m in 2018, a typical threshold for forest gaps, highlighting the importance of damaged trees and advanced regeneration on post-storm forest structure. Heterogeneous patterns of regrowth and recruitment yielded shorter and more open forests by 2020. Nearly 45% of forests experienced initial height loss (<-1 m, 2017-2018) followed by rapid height gain (>1 m, 2018-2020), whereas 21.6% of forests with initial height losses showed little or no height gain, and 17.8% of forests exhibited no structural changes >|1| m in either period. Canopy layers <10 m accounted for most increases in canopy height and fractional cover between 2018-2020, with gains split evenly between height growth and lateral crown expansion by surviving individuals. These findings benchmark rates of gap formation, crown expansion, and canopy closure following hurricane damage. Included in the attached zip file are four TIF and four KML files. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National
Evaluating the precariousness of coral recovery when coral and macroalgae are alternative basins of attraction
When coral and macroalgae are alternative attractors, the trajectory of the benthic community following a major disturbance is shaped in part by whether herbivores keep macroalgae suppressed, leaving reef surfaces in a state suitable for coral colonization. Because macroalgae tend to colonize much faster than coral, an important issue is how close ambient herbivory is to the level where control of macroalgae is lost, that is, the precariousness of the coral-invasible state relative to the switch-point to macroalgae. In Moorea, French Polynesia, reefs dominated by the macroalga Turbinaria ornata remained so for multiple population turnovers, whereas reefs where Turbinaria was removed by a simulated pulse disturbance remained free of macroalgae throughout the 5-yr study. A field experiment revealed that macroalgae was unable to proliferate on disturbed reefs until ambient herbivory was reduced by more than 50%. Low precariousness of the coral-invasible state facilitated a gradual transition to a coral community because it allowed sufficient time for coral to repopulate. Accumulation of coral on disturbed reefs was 3.5 times greater than on undisturbed, Turbinaria-dominated reefs. Long-term persistence of the coral-invasible state was facilitated by high abundances of grazing herbivores that prevent the establishment of macroalgae, whereas persistence of the Turbinaria-dominated state reflected the scarcity of browsing herbivores that consume mature macroalgae. By revealing processes that foster bistability of coral and macroalgae states, our work helps explain the rich dynamical behavior exhibited by coral reef communities in Moorea and elsewhere. This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE 16-37396 (and earlier awards) as well as a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-c
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Early life stage bottleneck determines rates of coral recovery following severe disturbance; Data for Speare et al., 2024, Ecology
The data included in this data package were collected on the north shore of Moorea, French Polynesia, from 2011-2018 to evaluate drivers of different recovery rates of corals at two depths (10m and 17m). Data on juvenile coral densities, growth, and mortality, were collected from annual time series photoquadrats. Data from two experiments on coral settlement tiles were used to evaluate how exclusion of fishes influences the density of coral recruits, and the survival of coral recruits at 10 and 17m. These data were used for analyses in the manuscript entitled "Early life stage bottleneck determines rates of coral recovery following severe disturbance". These data are in support of a publication Speare et al. (2024) Ecology. This material uses data collected by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research (MCR LTER) site under Grant No. OCE 2224354 (and earlier awards). Additional financial support to the MCR LTER site was provided through a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2024).
N fertilization and recovery experiment (2-4-6) plant species composition data for East of Tvan from 1997 to 2017, yearly
The realization that anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is causing significant environmental change in many ecosystems has led to lower emissions of reactive N and deposition rates in many regions. However, the impacts of N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems can be long-lasting, with significant inertia in the return of the biota and biogeochemical processes to baseline levels. To better understand patterns of recovery and the factors that may contribute to slow or no responses following declines in N deposition, we followed plant species composition, microbial abundance, N cycling rates, soil pH, and pools of NO3- and extractable cations in an impacted alpine ecosystem following cessation of 12-year experiment increasing N deposition rates by 0, 20, 40, and 60 kg N/ha/yr. Simulated N deposition had resulted in a tripling in the cover of the nitrophilic species Carex rupestris, while the dominant sedge Kobresia myosuroides had decreased by more than half at the highest N input level. In addition nitrification rates were elevated, soil extractable magnesium (Mg2+) and pH decreased, and aluminum (Al3+) and manganese (Mn2+) were elevated at the highest N treatment inputs. Over the nine years following cessation of N additions to the impacted plots only the cover of the nitrophilic C. rupestris showed any recovery to prior levels. Abundances of both bacteria and fungi were lower with N addition in both treatment and recovery plots. Rates of nitrification and pools of NO3- remained elevated in the recovery plots, likely contributing to the lack of biotic response to the cessation of N inputs. In addition, nutrient base cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) and soil pH remained depressed, and the toxic metal cations (Al3+ and Mn2+) remained elevated in recovery plots, also potentially influencing biotic recovery. These results emphasize the importance of considering long-term environmental impacts of N deposition associated with legacy effects, such as elevated N cycling and losse
Metabolic recovery and compensatory shell growth of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa following short-term exposure to acidified seawater
<p><strong>METABOLIC RECOVERY AND COMPENSATORY SHELL GROWTH OF JUVENILE PACIFIC GEODUCK <em>PANOPEA GENEROSA</em> FOLLOWING SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO ACIDIFIED SEAWATER</strong></p> <p><strong>Samuel J. Gurr<sup>1*</sup>, Brent Vadopalas<sup>2</sup>, Steven B. Roberts<sup>3</sup>, Hollie M. Putnam<sup>1</sup></strong></p> <p><sup>1 </sup>University of Rhode Island, College of the Environment and Life Sciences, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA</p> <p><sup>2 </sup>University of Washington, Washington Sea Grant, 3716 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA</p> <p><sup>3 </sup>University of Washington, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA</p> <p><strong>*Corresponding author:</strong> Fax: Phone:1-401-874-9510 Email: samuel_gurr@uri.edu</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>While acute stressors can be detrimental, environmental stress conditioning can improve performance. To test the hypothesis that physiological status is altered by stress conditioning, we subjected juvenile Pacific geoduck, <em>Panopea generosa, </em>to repeated exposures of elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> in a commercial hatchery setting followed by a period in ambient common garden. Respiration rate and shell length were measured for juvenile geoduck periodically throughout short-term repeated reciprocal exposure periods in ambient (~550 µatm) or elevated (~2400 µatm) <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> treatments and in common, ambient conditions, five months after exposure. Short-term exposure periods comprised an initial 10-day exposure followed by 14 days in ambient before a secondary 6-day reciprocal exposure. The initial exposure to elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2 </sub>significantly reduced respiration rate by 25% relative to ambient conditions, but no effect on shell growth was detected. Following 14 days in common garden, ambient conditions, reciprocal exposure to elevated or ambient <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> did not alter juvenile respiration rates, indicating ability for metabolic recovery under subsequent conditions. Shell growth was negatively affected during the reciprocal treatment in both exposure histories, however clams exposed to the initial elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2</sub> showed compensatory growth with 5.8% greater shell length (on average between the two secondary exposures) after five months in ambient conditions. Additionally, clams exposed to the secondary elevated <em>p</em>CO<sub>2 </sub>showed 52.4% increase in respiration rate after five months in ambient conditions. Early exposure to low pH appears to trigger carry-over effects suggesting bioenergetic re-allocation facilitates growth compensation. Life stage-specific exposures to stress can determine when it may be especially detrimental, or advantageous, to apply stress conditioning for commercial production of this long-lived burrowing clam.</p> <p> </p>
Data for "Paris Agreement requires substantial, broad, and sustained policy efforts beyond COVID-19 recovery packages"
<p>This dataset contains the underlying data for the following publication: Tanaka, K., C. Azar, O. Boucher, P. Ciais, Y. Gaucher, D. J. A. Johansson (2022) Paris Agreement requires substantial, broad, and sustained policy efforts beyond COVID-19 public stimulus packages. <em>Climatic Change</em> <strong>172, </strong>1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-022-03355-6</p> <p>Earlier manuscripts were published as a preprint. https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.08342</p>
Physiological information in Canadian species at risk recovery strategies (animals)
<p>Summary of physiological information contained in Canadian (animal) species at risk recovery strategies (SARA). For each recovery strategy, the dataset includes the species covered, publication dates, taxonomic classification, the number of times physiology was mentioned, the types of physiological traits included, and the threats the associated organism faces.</p>
The longer arc of channel recovery post-dam removal
<p>This repository includes all data and analyses referenced in the paper "The Longer Arc of Channel Recovery Post-Dam Removal" by Fields et al. (submitted 2024). The R files used to plot figures and complete additional data analysis are also included. </p> <p>This project is a follow-up to earlier work at the same site by Fields et al. (2021) "A Mechanistic Understanding of Channel Evolution following Dam Removal" (10.1016/j.geomorph.2021.107971). Data for that paper is available on the CUAHSI database (http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/ ae0589f6a2e54effb5514d126ecb6908). </p> <p>If any neccessary data is missing or if you require more of our data for your analsyses please contact Jordan Fields (jordan.f.fields@gmail.com). </p>
Industry - Chemical & Pharma., Cement, Motor systems, Excess heat recovery systems
<ul> <li>This file provides techno-economic data for energy efficiency measures applicable in Swiss industrial systems.</li> <li>Generalized indicators for measure-specific potential energy savings are not developed (except for cement industry) due to the unavailability of physical production data, ex-ante and ex-post data of the implemented measures and detailed statistics on energy use by application in Swiss industry.</li> <li>When using the data please consult and refer to the publications given in the Reference section.</li> </ul>
Data and code for 'Connectivity over a disease gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs'
<p>This repository provides all data and R code from the analysis presented in the following paper:</p> <p>Bell, S.C., Heard, G.W., Berger, L. and Skerratt, L.F. (in review). Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs. </p> <p>The data are provided as a series of .csv files. R code is provided separately for each of the following components:</p> <p>1. A script to collate nightly air temperature data from stream-side temperature loggers, plus daily maximum air temperature data from the nearest Australian Bureau of Meteorology recording station to each site.</p> <p>2. A script to fit a hierarchical linear model to the stream-side air temperature, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>3. A script to fit a hierarchical logistic regression model to the chytrid infection data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>4. A script to fit logistic regression models to the frog occupancy data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package. </p> <p>These files allow all analyses from the paper to be reproduced. </p>
Data and code for 'Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs'
<p>This repository provides all data and R code from the analysis presented in the following paper:</p> <p>Bell, S.C., Heard, G.W., Berger, L. and Skerratt, L.F. (in review). Connectivity over a disease risk gradient enables recovery of rainforest frogs. </p> <p>The data are provided as a series of .csv files. R code is provided separately for each of the following components:</p> <p>1. A script to collate nightly air temperature data from stream-side temperature loggers, plus daily maximum air temperature data from the nearest Australian Bureau of Meteorology recording station to each site.</p> <p>2. A script to fit a hierarchical linear model to the stream-side air temperature, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>3. A script to fit a hierarchical logistic regression model to the chytrid infection data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package.</p> <p>4. A script to fit logistic regression models to the frog occupancy data, with the aid of the R2OpenBUGS package. </p> <p>These files allow all analyses from the paper to be reproduced. </p>
Dataset of the study: Explaining recovery from coma with multimodal neuroimaging
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Mapping a novel metric for Flash Flood Recovery using Interpretable Machine Learning
<p>This data is supplementary to the paper titled "Mapping a novel metric for Flash Flood Recovery using Interpretable Machine Learning". The file contains the main results.<br><br>For any queries, please visit <a href="https://hydrosense.iitd.ac.in" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hydrosense Lab (IIT Delhi)</a>.</p>
Dataset: Post-treatment of high-rate activated sludge effluent via zeolite adsorption and recovery of ammonium-nitrogen
<p>Dataset used to write journal article (doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130837) covering the post-treatment of high-rate activated sludge effluent via zeolite adsorption and recovery of ammonium-nitrogen to produce potential alternative fertilising products. The data included is data gathered from column experiments (for breakthrough modelling and to compare different N recovery methods). Metal and cation content results for the treated wastewater and adsorption outputs is also included</p>
Supplementary data to Challenges and Opportunities for the Recovery of Critical Raw Materials from Electronic Waste
<p>Content of the excell file:</p> <p>Table S1: Relationship between UNU-keys and MINCOTUR codes</p> <p>Table S2: UNU-Key composition and alpha and beta values for Weibull distributions</p> <p>Table S3: Metal prices used in this study.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.