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Mangrove Soil Chemistry Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE), from December 2000 to May 23, 2002

Physicochemical variables in soils from stations SRS-4-6 and TS/Ph6-8 were sampled in the period December 2000-May 2002. Salinity, temperature, pH, Redox, and sulfide concentrations were measured in 4 stations (sampling units) located in adjacent 10 x 10 m plots (in a 20 x 20 m block). Statistical analyses are in progress.

openCC (other)Aug 2025View details →

Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soil Sediments from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, August 2004 - ongoing

These data represent the results of annual soil sampling and analysis from all 17 FCE LTER transect locations from Year 2004 thru ongoing. Surface soils from 0-10 cm have been homogenized and analyzed from Sawgrass and mangrove sites and Florida Bay sites. Soils and sediments were analyzed for a suite of physical/chemical variables, including bulk density, organic matter content, extractable iron, AVS and CRS sulfur, and various forms of extractable phosphorus. These analyses are completed to document the differences in soil structure among transect sites, and to provide a baseline dataset against which long-term changes in the physical/chemical properties of the soils can be detected.

Mangrove leaf physiological response to local climate at Key Largo, Watson River Chickee, Taylor Slough, and Little Rabbit Key, South Florida (FCE) from July 2001 to August 2001

Determine the red mangrove leaf physiological response to the local climate to understand the local controls on plant physiology. Data were collected in the Key Largo Ranger Station, Watson River Chickee and Taylor Slough research Sites, South Florida.

Rubisco limited photosynthesis rates of Red mangrove leaves at Key Largo, Watson River Chickee, Taylor Slough, and Little Rabbit Key, South Florida (FCE) from July 2001 to August 2001

Determine the Rubisco limited carboxylation rates of red mangrove ( species Rhizophora mangle) leaves. This information will be used to model carbon sequestration by Red mangroves.

Light limited carboxylation rates of Red mangrove leaves at Key Largo, Watson River Chickee, Taylor Slough, and Little Rabbit Key, South Florida (FCE) from July 2001 to August 2001

Our goal is to determine light limited carboxylation rates of red mangrove (specie sRhizophora mangle) leaves. This information will be used to model carbon sequestration by Red mangroves.

Periphyton Net Primary Productivity and Respiration Rates from the Taylor Slough, just outside Everglades National Park, South Florida (FCE) from December 1998 to August 2002

Once per year, at TS/Ph-4 and TS/Ph-5 we incubate periphyton from each site in water from each site in a complete factorial design. We quantify metabolic rates of periphyton assemblages using standard oxygen change techniques in 300mL light and dark BOD bottles in triplicate. Using YSI dissolved oxygen probes and meters, we measure dissolved oxygen change as the difference of initial and final oxygen concentrations over a two hour incubation. We calculate net primary productivity and respiration rates in units of oxygen and carbon, then normalize to the organic content (ash free dry weight) of the incubated periphyton.

Bulk Parameters for Soils/Sediments from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE), from October 2000 to January 2001

The main goal of this research is the characterization of the sources, transport and fate of soil/sediment organic matter in Everglades National Park, and the determination of future potential effects of Everglades restoration on the source strength and accumulation rates of this OM. The general approach of this study is the seasonal sampling and analysis of bulk and molecular characteristics of soil/sediment samples from the FCE-LTER sites. Bulk parameters measured are d13C, C/N and %OC, while molecular characterizations are based on detailed biomarker analyses of extractable lipids and CP/MAS 13C-NMR of bulk OM. Preliminary results have allowed to characterize OM source strength throughout the transects, as well as determining other minor OM sources, diagenetic differences based upon OM quality and marine influences in the estuarine areas of the FCE-LTER study area.

openCC (other)Dec 2025View details →

Water Levels and Porewater Temperature data from the Shark River and Taylor River Slough mangrove sites, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA: May 2001 - ongoing

Water levels for SRS4 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m inland at Tarpon Bay. Water levels for SRS5 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for SRS6 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for SRS7 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for TS/Ph6a are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m inland at the Taylor River Slough. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. Water levels for TS/Ph7a are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 60 m inland at the Taylor River Slough. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. Water levels for TS/Ph8 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forests 40 m inland at the Joe Bay area. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. All water level data are measured by Florida International University.

Subsurface Water Temperatures taken in Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, May 2010 - December 2015

At each site, two vertical columns of temperature sensors (107-L Temperature Probes, Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah) were installed and connected to data loggers (CR1000 Dataloggers, Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah). At each, one temperature sensor in a heat shield was installed 2 m above the ground surface. The remaining temperature sensors were installed at or below the ground surface, with the depths and depth intervals depending upon the total depth of the column. The data were collected hourly between May 19, 2010 and December 1, 2015.

Monthly monitoring fluorescence data for Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE) for October 2004 to February 2014

Dissolved organic matter plays an important role in biogeochemical processes in aquatic environments such as elemental cycling, microbial loop energetics, and the transport of materials across landscapes. Since most of N (> 90%) and P (around 90%) is in the organic form in the oligotrophic subtropical Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE), study of the source and dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ecosystem is crucial for the better understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients. FCE are composed of estuaries with distinct regions with different biogeochemical processes. Freshwater marsh primarily receives terrestrial input and local autochthonous vegetation production. Mangrove ecotone, nevertheless, is affected by the tidal contributions from Florida Bay and local mangrove production. Florida Bay (FB) is a wedge-shaped shallow oligotrophic estuary which lays south of the Everglades, the bottom of which is covered with a dense biomass of seagrass. The sources of both freshwater and nutrients in FCE are difficult to quantify, owing to the non-point source nature of runoff from the Everglades and the dendritic cross channels in the mangroves. Furthermore, the combination of multiple DOM sources (freshwater marsh vegetation, mangroves, phytoplankton, seagrass, etc.), and the potential seasonal variability of their relative contribution, along with the history of (photo)chemical and microbial diagenetic processing, and complex advective circulation, makes the study of DOM dynamics in FCE particularly difficult using standard schemes of estuarine ecology. Quantitative information of DOM is very useful to investigate the biogeochemical cycling of DOM to a certain degree, however, qualitative information is necessary to better understand the source and dynamics of DOM. Since fluorescence spectroscopic techniques are very sensitive, quick and simple, they have been applied to investigate the fate of DOM in estuaries.

openCC (other)Oct 2025View details →

Mangrove Litterfall from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE), South Florida, USA, January 2001 - ongoing

Monthly litterfall data is being collected in two mangrove-dominated regions (Shark River and Taylor Slough) in South Florida. Three sites (SRS4, SRS5, SRS6) in the Shark River region and one site (TS/Ph8) in the Joe Bay area region were used to characterize patterns of litterfall production. At each mangrove site 10 litter baskets (0.5 x 0.5 m) were placed in two 20 x 20 m plots (five baskets per plot). Data have been collected since January 2001. Statistical analysis is being performed. See also Shark River mangrove litterfall carbon and nutrients data package knb-lter-fce.1266 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1266).

openCC (other)Aug 2025View details →

Percentage of Carbon and Nitrogen of Soil Sediments from the Shark River Slough, Taylor Slough and Florida Bay within Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, August 2008 - ongoing

These data represent the results of CHN Analysis from annual soil sampling from all 17 FCE LTER transect locations from Year 2008 thru ongoing. In 2017, the samples were collected before Hurricane Irma (2017a) and post Hurricane Irma (2017b). Surface soils from 0-10 cm been homogenized and analyzed from Sawgrass and mangrove sites and Florida Bay sites. Soils and sediments were analyzed for percentage by weight of total Carbon and Nitrogen with a PerkinElmer CHNS /O 2400 Series II Elemental Analyzer. These analyses are completed to document the differences in soil composition among transect sites, and to provide a baseline dataset against which long-term changes in the properties of the soils can be detected.

openCC (other)Nov 2025View details →

Stable isotope values of consumers, producers, and organic matter in the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, 2019 – ongoing

Wetland food webs have often been characterized as detrital-based ‘brown’ energy pyramids, whereas the relative role of autotrophic (‘green’) vs. microbial (‘brown’) energy sources falls along a continuum set by physical drivers, as well as autochthonous and allochthonous inputs (Moore et al. 2004; Evans-White & Halvorson 2017) that change with ecosystem development (Schmitz et al. 2006). In the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE), metabolic imbalances, including the collapse of calcareous periphyton mats, begin with a loss of foundation species primary production and legacy organic matter (Gaiser et al. 2006). This process likely enhances heterotrophic microbial productivity (Schulte 2016) and the supply of detrital energy to consumers by changing bioavailable and recalcitrant carbon supplies (Baggett et al. 2013). A shift from complex periphyton communities to transient planktonic communities under elevated P exposure reduces habitat structure and animal refuges but increases ‘green’ energy supplies and edibility (Trexler et al. 2015; Naja et al. 2017). Multiple sites (n=9) within the FCE were selected to document changes in coastal food webs as a result of eutrophication and increasing hydrologic variability. The project began in 2019 and is currently ongoing. References: Baggett, L. P., Heck, K. L., Frankovich, T. A., Armitage, A. R., & Fourqurean, J. W. (2013). Stoichiometry, growth, and fecundity responses to nutrient enrichment by invertebrate grazers in sub-tropical turtle grass (Thalassia testudinum) meadows. Marine biology, 160, 169-180. Evans-White, M. A., and H. M. Halvorson. 2017. Comparing the Ecological Stoichiometry in Green and Brown Food Webs – A Review and Meta-analysis of Freshwater Food Webs. Frontiers in Microbiology 8:1184. Gaiser, E. E., Childers, D. L., Jones, R. D., Richards, J. H., Scinto, L. J., & Trexler, J. C. (2006). Periphyton responses to eutrophication in the Florida Everglades: cross‐system patterns of structural and compositional cha

openCC (other)Mar 2019View details →

Water Quality Data (Extensive) from the Taylor Slough, just outside Everglades National Park (FCE), from August 1998 to December 2006

Water quality samples are being collected using ISCO autosamplers at all wetland sites (that is, all sites except TS/Ph-9, 10, and 11). The autosamplers contain 24 1L bottles. Water is sampled by programming the autosamplers to take composite samples once every 3 days. These samples are a composite of four 250mL subsamples drawn every 18 hours (a sampling scheme that captures a dawn, noon, dusk, and midnight sample in every three day composite). Starting in December 2006 for Sites SRS1d, SRS2, SRS3, and June 2007 for TS/Ph1a, TS/Ph2, and TS/Ph3 - the 3 day composite samples are now combined in a 2 liter bottle upon returning to the lab to form 6 day composite sample. Samples are retrieved every 3-4 weeks. Retrieval of the composite samples may result in a composite sample which is less than three or six days. The recorded date for each composite sample indicates the end date of the sample interval. Samples are analyzed for total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), and salinity. When sites are visited to collect these samples, we also collect a grab sample that is immediately put on ice. A portion of these grab samples are filtered through a Whatman GF/F filters (0.7 um) immediately upon return to the lab, and the filtered samples are analyzed for inorganic nutrients such as NO2-, NO3-, NH4+, SRP, and DOC. The unfiltered fraction of these grab samples is analyzed for TP, TN, and TOC (TOC is no longer analyzed starting in August 2005 for all sites). We use these montly grab samples to generate relationships between TP and SRP, and between TN and NO2- + NO3- + NH4+. Dissolved nutrients are measured using standard rapid flow analyzer (RFA) techniques. TP is analyzed with a modified Solorzano and Sharp (1980) technique. TN is measured with an Antec TN analyzer, TOC and DOC are quantified on a Shimadzu TOC Analyzer, and salinity is measured with a YSI conductivity meter. In addition to the regular water quality monitoring, we use the rain level actuators at all freshwat

openCC0Aug 2013View details →

Water Levels from the Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida from April 1996 to 2012

Data is a compilation of 15 minute data into daily averages for use with other FCE-LTER datasets. For original dataset Meta-data and other information please visit the South Florida Information Access (SOFIA) website at https://archive.usgs.gov/archive/sites/sofia.usgs.gov/index.html (the current URL as of March 2020)

openCC (other)Jan 2006View details →

Monthly monitoring of Fluorescence, UV, Humic and non-Humic Carbon, Carbohydrates, and DOC for Shark River Slough, Taylor Slough, and Florida Bay, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER) for January 2002 to August 2004

A better understanding of the biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in the Florida Coastal Everglades is a key issue regarding the restoration of the Everglades, which is expected to change the water quality throughout South Florida. In addition to rain, the main freshwater supply to Florida Bay will be derived from Taylor Slough and the C-111 Basin in the north-east section of the Bay. While it is known that these areas deliver significant amounts of nitrogen to the Bay, a significant portion of this nitrogen is in its dissolved organic form (DON). The sources, environmental fate and bioavailability to microorganisms of this DON are however, not known. Preliminary data suggest that although proteins have been detected in canal samples, labile dissolved organic matter (DOM) components were found to increase in abundance in the freshwater marshes compared to their levels in the adjacent canal waters. Leaching experiments of biomass showed the presence of such labile DOM. However, this DOM was found to be susceptible to both biodegradation and photodecomposition. In this study we will focus on the determination of the molecular characteristics of both DOM and DON and assess the bioavailability of these materials in transects ranging from the C-111 canal and Taylor Slough to the central part of Florida Bay. Relevant water quality and spectroscopic parameters will be monitored at 11 sites on a monthly basis, while six of these sites will be sampled biannually for DOM and DON chemical characterization and bioavailability studies. Advanced analytical techniques such as pyrolysis-GC/MS, FTIR, 13C- and 15N-NMR, gel electrophoresis and LC/MS will be used in the molecular characterization effort. We envisage that this study will allow for a better assessment of the sources of DON and its bioavailability in this system.

openCC (other)Dec 2025View details →

Periphyton Productivity from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, October 2001 - October 2024

Periphyton productivity was measured annually at FCE LTER sites in Florida Bay and Shark Slough using light and dark BOD bottle incubations. Data are presented in terms of mass oxygen and/or carbon produced/consumed per gram of periphyton and per m2 of marsh. This is part of continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus and nitrogen limit productivity at the upstream and downstream ends, respectively, of the FCE transects. Conclusions await longer-term data collection. Data collection is complete.

openCC (other)Feb 2026View details →

Periphyton Accumulation Rates from Shark River Slough, Taylor Slough and Florida Bay, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, January 2001 - ongoing

Periphyton accumulation rates were measured quarterly at FCE LTER sites in SRS and TS/Ph marshes (SRS 1-3, TS/Ph 1-3) and the seagrass meadows of Florida Bay (TS/Ph 9-11). Glass slides were used as artificial substrates for periphyton growth. Twenty slides were incubated for 2 months in triplicate periphytometers (flow-through plastic boxes) at the surface (marsh sites) and bottom (seagrass sites) at each site. In addition, at seagrass sites, twelve artificial seagrass blades were incubated for two months in triplicate at each site. Blades were made from strips of transparency film anchored to the bottom and floating upward toward the surface by use of a styrofoam bead on the top of the blade. Data are presented in terms of grams dry and ash-free dry mass accumulated per area per time, as well as the chlorophyll a content of the dry mass and its rate of accumulation. Total phosphorus content of accumulated periphyton is also provided. This is part of continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus availability and hydroperiod influence periphyton production in the Everglades.

openCC (other)Jan 2026View details →

Periphyton Biomass Accumulation from the Shark River and Taylor Sloughs, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, January 2003 - ongoing

Periphyton biomass was measured quarterly at three replicate locations (1, 2, and 3) at FCE LTER marsh sites (SRS 1-3; TS/Ph 1-3). A 1-m2 plot was placed in the marsh and percent cover of periphyton was visually estimated, including cover on the water surface (floating), plant stems (epiphytic), and on the bottom (benthic). Periphyton was then harvested from the quadrats into a 2000 ml perforated graduated cylinder and the volume measured. A 120-ml subsample was removed and taken back to the laboratory for analysis. Data provided include percent cover by substrate, dry, ash, and ash-free dry mass per area, chlorophyll a per gram ash-free dry mass and per area, and the total phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon concentration on a dry weight basis. This is part of a continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus and hydrology interact to influence periphyton abundance in Everglades marshes.