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Fig.3 in The Experimental Data On Sun-Basking Activity Of European Pond Turtle Emys Orbicularis In Natural Climate In Latvia: Dynamics And Correlation With The Meteorological Factors

Fig.3. Basic forms of sun-basking activity of Emys Fig.4. Basic forms of sun-basking activity of Emys orbicularis registered in the study: lying in the orbicularis registered in the study: heating under shadow. the sun in the shoal.

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Fig. 1 in Influence of sun and shade conditions on Gratiana boliviana (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) abundance and feeding activity on tropical soda apple (Solanaceae) under field conditions

Fig. 1. Mean feeding damage score (± SE) for all 3 sampling dates caused by Gratiana boliviana beetles to tropical soda apple plants under 3 light conditions: unshaded, partially shaded, and shaded. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (P <0.05: Kruskal–Wallis, Dunn's test).

Fig. 1 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 1. Map of southern Greece showing the location of Koroni beach (Zaga-Memi beach) and the associated NATURA 2000 site GR2550010 (Marine area of southern Messinia SCI) as well as localities referred in the text.

Fig. 4 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 4. Trend of the annual mean clutch size in Koroni for the period 1996−2021. No clutch size measurements in 2001 and no fieldwork conducted in years 2009 and 2020. The linear model demonstrates a significant decline in clutch size over the years. Grey band represents the 95%.

Fig. 3 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 3. Trend of the annual number of nests in Koroni for the period 1995−2021. No fieldwork was conducted in the years 2009 and 2020. Plot fitted with GAM for Poisson distribution with overdispersion (Quasipoisson). Grey band represents the 95% confidence interval for the fitted model.

Fig. 6 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 6. Predation rates of Koroni nests for the period 1997−2021. No fieldwork conducted in years 2009 and 2020. No predation events in years 2014 and 2015.

Fig. 5 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 5. Trend of the annual mean incubation duration in Koroni for the period 1996−2021. No fieldwork conducted in the years 2009 and 2020. The linear model demonstrates a significant decline of the incubation duration over the years. Grey band represents the 95% confidence interval for the fitted model. All mean annual values are below the pivotal incubation duration for Greece (56.6 days), assessed by Mrosovsky et al. (2002).

Fig. 7 in Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 7. Loggerhead nest in Koroni predated by canids tunneling under the protective metal grid. Bamboo sticks anchor the grid to avoid its displacement by predators (Photo: Smaro Touliatou/ ARCHELON).

Fig. 11 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 11. Cnidae of Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov. A, spirocyst. B, large spirocyst. C, basitrich. D, large basitrich. E, basitrich. F, basitrich. G, basitrich. H, microbasic p-mastigophore. I, small basitrich. J, microbasic p-mastigophore. K, large basitrich. Scale bar = 10 µm. Refer to table 3 for key to letters.

Fig. 9 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 9. Column appearance of Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov., external morphology, side view. A, a freshly collected individual that is slightly contracted (ZRC.CNI.0648). Note the pale pinkish column and the presence of splotchy dark pink patches from mid-column to the proximal end. Note also that the mesenterial insertions are not visible when the anemone is in a contracted stated. B, a live individual (ZRC.CNI.1159) with a column that is expanded, with mesenterial insertions that extend the entire column visible as light lines. Note also the extended papillae-like verrucae. C, close-up of the marginal projections and verrucae at the distal end of a live individual (ZRC.CNI.1159). Note that marginal projections are perforated, and a pink dot marks the middle of each verruca. Abbreviations: mi, mesenterial insertions; mp, marginal projections; v, verrucae. Scale bars = 10 mm.

Fig. 8 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 8. Living individuals of Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov., external morphology, in situ, top view. A, an expanded individual with a pale oral disc. B, another expanded colour morph with a dark-brown oral disc. Note that in both A and B, a pair of diametric bright pink dots marks the position of the siphonoglyphs. C, a contracted individual with adhesive, papillae-like verrucae at its distal end. Note that shell fragments are attached to the verrucae. D, an individual with much of its actinopharynx everted, obscuring the animal. E, a sea pen (Pteroeides sp.) being swallowed whole by a M. fautinae sp. nov. individual. Abbreviation: s, siphonoglyph; v, verrucae. Photographs by R Tan.

Fig. 10 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 10. Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov., internal morphology. A, diffuse-circumscript mesenteries of an individual (ZRC.CNI.0296), cross section at mid-column. Note the presence of the retractor pennon. B, a conspicuous, circumscribed marginal sphincter muscle of another individual (ZRC.CNI.0255). Abbreviations: f, fosse; mf, mesenterial filaments; p, pennon; sph, marginal sphincter muscle; t, tentacles. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 7 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 7. Holotype of Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov. (ZRC.CNI.1300). Abbreviations: a, actinopharynx; m, mesenterial filaments; mp, marginal projections; pd, pedal disc; s, siphonoglyph; sph, sphincter muscle; t, tentacles; v, verrucae.

Fig. 5. Macrodactyla aspera, internal morphology. A in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 5. Macrodactyla aspera, internal morphology. A, mesenteries of the lectotype (MZC.I.3365), cross section at mid-column. Note the diffuse circumscribed appearance of the retractor muscles, and presence of the retractor pennon. B, transverse section of the distal most end of column (SMNHTAU-Co.7813). Note the presence of a conspicuous, restricted marginal sphincter muscle and the presence of both oral and marginal stomata. C, everted actinopharynx of a live specimen (ZRC.CNI.1090). Note its pinkish appearance, and the presence of a diametric pair of siphonoglyphs. Abbreviations: a, actinopharynx; mf, mesenterial filaments; ms, marginal stomata; o, oocytes; os, oral stomata; p, pennon; s, siphonoglyph; sph, marginal sphincter muscle. Scale bars = 5 mm.

Fig. 6 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 6. Cnidae of Macrodactyla aspera. A, spirocyst. B, small basitrich. C, basitrich. D, large basitrich. E, small basitrich. F, basitrich. G, small basitrich. H, basitrich. I, small basitrich. J, large basitrich. K, wide basitrich. L, small basitrich. M, large basitrich. N, wide basitrich. O, microbasic p-mastigophore. Scale bar = 10 µm. Refer to table 2 for key to letters.

Fig. 4 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 4. Close-up appearance of tentacles and distal most column of Macrodactyla aspera, external view. A, extended tentacles of a live specimen (ZRC. CNI.1080), covered densely with nematocyst batteries. B, tentacles of a fixed specimen (i.e., lectotype, MZC.I.33665). Note the overall stout, conical shape of tentacles once fixed, and the bumpy texture for each of them, indicating the presence of nematocyst batteries. C, marginal projections and adhesive verrucae of a live individual (ZRC.CNI.1080). D, marginal projections and adhesive verrucae of a fixed specimen (SMNHTAU-Co.7813). Note how the shallow fosse had inflated. Also note how the grains of substratum remained attached to the specimen, when it was collected by L Fishelson in 1968. Abbreviations: f, fosse; mp, marginal projections; nb, nematocyst batteries; v, verrucae. Scale bars = 10 mm.

Fig. 3 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 3. Living individuals of Macrodactyla aspera, external morphology. A, B, expanded individuals extending from the substratum, in situ, top view. Note splotchy brown patterns on oral disc and tentacles in both A and B, and partially everted actinopharynx resembling thick lips in B. Photographs by KS Loh. C, a live collected specimen (ZRC.CNI.1099), side view. Note reddish-orange column and adhesive, conspicuous verrucae, with grains of substratum attached to it. D, a partially retracted specimen (ZRC.CNI.1099), top view. Note that individual does not completely retract its tentacles; note also the presence of marginal projections. Abbreviations: mp, marginal projections; v, verrucae. Scale bars = 10 mm.

Fig. 1 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 1. Phylogeny reconstruction of Macrodactyla aspera and Macrodactyla fautinae sp. nov. among actiniid sea anemones. Tree topology a result of maximum likelihood (ML) analysis, using a concatenated dataset (i.e., cox3, 12S, 16S, 28S). At the branches, bootstrap ML resampling values, and Bayesian inference (BI) posterior probability values, are presented as ML/BI. Only bootstrap values> 50, and posterior probability> 0.8 are indicated here; those less than 50 and 0.8 are denoted by (-). Taxa indicated in bold denotes the presence of new sequences obtained for this study. Indicated by an asterisk (*), we retain the name Macrodactyla doreensis in this figure to aid with the discussion within the main-text. For sequences used and the full tree, refer to table S1 and figure S3, respectively.

Fig. 2 in Tripedalia maipoensis Sun & Tsui & Wong & Cheung & Ng & Or & Qiu 2023, sp. nov.

Fig. 2. Type material of Condylactis aspera Haddon and Shackleton, 1893. A, lectotype of C. aspera (MZC I.33665), in three pieces, top view. Note the gastro-cavity of specimen is filled densely with gametogenic tissue. B, Paralectotypes of C. aspera, as three histological slides at MZL (no catalogue number). Abbreviations: gt, gametogenic tissue; m, mesenteries; o, oral disc; s, siphonoglyph; t, tentacle. Scale bar = 10 mm.