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36 results for “agricultural practices”
Large-scale homogenization of soil bacterial communities in response to agricultural practices in paddy fields, China
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Ecological legacies of prehistoric agricultural practices in arid and semi-arid ecosystems of the southwestern US
This work examines the long-term ecological legacies of land use intensity in two different ecosystem types of the southwestern US, which supported agroecologically active and well-studied populations of humans until 1200- 1400 AD. This unique perspective, accessible only through the archaeological record, provides an understanding of the importance of humans and their varied land use activities as drivers of persistent ecological patterns and processes. Data were collected across a gradient of known prehistoric human activity in arid and semi-arid ecosystems of central Arizona that represent two ends of a spectrum of human occupation in population and duration. Cave Creek, located in the Sonoran desert of the northern Phoenix basin, supported relatively large human populations for approximately four centuries using both irrigated and dry land farming techniques. Perry Mesa is located at higher elevation in the semi-arid desert grasslands of Agua Fria National Monument. Populations at Perry Mesa were smaller and more ephemeral than at Cave Creek, and were supported by only dry land agricultural fields and house gardens. In each system, the importance of land use intensity on modern ecological properties and processes is evaluated by comparing areas of high intensity use (irrigated fields at Cave Creek, rain-fed terraces at Perry Mesa) with areas of relative low use (rain-fed terraces at Cave Creek, house gardens at Perry Mesa) and nearby areas where there is no archaeological evidence of human land use (off-site controls).
Data from: Contemporary evolution of a Lepidopteran species, Heliothis virescens, in response to modern agricultural practices
Adaptation to human-induced environmental change has the potential to profoundly influence the genomic architecture of affected species. This is particularly true in agricultural ecosystems, where anthropogenic selection pressure is strong. Heliothis virescens primarily feeds on cotton in its larval stages and US populations have been declining since the widespread planting of transgenic cotton, which endogenously expresses proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). No physiological adaptation to Bt toxin has been found in the field, so adaptation in this altered environment could involve: 1) shifts in host plant selection mechanisms to avoid cotton, 2) changes in detoxification mechanisms required for cotton-feeding versus feeding on other hosts, or 3) loss of resistance to previously used management practices including insecticides. Here we begin to address whether such changes occurred in H. virescens populations between 1997-2012, as Bt cotton cultivation spread through the agricultural landscape. For our study, we produced an H. virescens genome assembly and used this in concert with a ddRAD-seq enabled genome scan to identify loci with significant allele frequency changes over the 15 year period. Genetic changes at a previously described H. virescens insecticide target of selection were detectable in our genome scan, and increased our confidence in this methodology. Additional loci were also detected as being under selection, and we quantified the selection strength required to elicit observed allele frequency changes at each locus. Potential contributions of genes near loci under selection to adaptive phenotypes in the H. virescens cotton system are discussed.
Figure 6 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 6 Sampling Philosciamuscorum in wheat (pitfall traps). Importance of hedges and woods for inducing the presence of the species in the studied plots. Key: Dark bar: P.muscorum in the plot. Light gray bar: P.muscorum in the borders of the plot (hedges/wood). Codes were expressed for each plot: the first three letters corresponded to the name of the location, the two following numbers to the French department (16: Charente; 86: Vienne; 79: Deux Sèvres; 36 (1 and 2): Indre).
Figure 9 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 9 Density of Armadillidiumvulgare during 3 years in the same field plots. Samples were collected in October of each year before the sowing of summer crops (from Larsen et al. 2007). Abbreviation: GU: ground under.
Figure 3 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 3 Number of isopods collected by hand-searching in three different types of grasslands in western France. The two sites differ in farming intensity: Lusignan has experienced intensive practices over many years, whereas Fors is in a zone of mixed farming, with a more recent history of intensification. Note the different scales in the y axes (from Souty-Grosset et al. 2005a).
Figure 2 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 2 Distribution of isopod species in different types of habitat. A Forest B Grassland C Connections: hedges D Compost E Humid zones. Shannon (H') and equitability (R') indices are written below each graph (from Souty-Grosset et al. 2008).
Figure 1 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 1 Conceptual diagram illustrating some of the ways in which agricultural practices can influence various aspects of isopod ecology and how these might then potentially impact on ecosystem functions and ecosystem services.
Figure 5 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 5 Land cover map with sampling sites in Plaine Mothaise, central-western France. Land cover features of the study site were determined using aerial photographs (Google Earth) and field inspections. Linear characteristics from the landscape were distinguished such as riparian, hedge, continuous and intermittent vegetation. The final categories obtained are Cultivation (crops), Grassland, Poplars, Types of connection, roads and urban. Landscapes were mapped using Arcmap 9.3 (ESRI, 2004) as a main geographical information system. Black dots indicate sites of pitfall trap sampling.
Figure 7 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 7 Growth of adult Armadillidiumvulgare fed with different types of leaf litter. A soybean B wheat C sunflower D pasture. Solid line: Linear growth model, d dashed lines: 95% confidence interval of the model (from Faberi et al. 2011).
Figure 8 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 8 Mortality (Kaplan-Meier method) of adult Armadillidiumvulgare feeding on different types of leaf litter: soybean, wheat, sunflower, and pasture during development (from Faberi et al. 2011).
Figure 4 from: Souty-Grosset C, Faberi A (2018) Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 63-96. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.24680
Figure 4 Number of isopods collected at Fors in three seasons: spring (black bars), summer (grey bars) and autumn (white bars). Habitat abbreviations: CL: clover, AL: alfalfa, TG: temporary grasslands less than 5 years old PG: permanent grasslands more than 5 years old (PG) (from Souty-Grosset et al. 2005b).
Data from: Contemporary evolution of a Lepidopteran species, Heliothis virescens, in response to modern agricultural practices
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Transcriptome analysis of potato tubers: Effects of different agricultural practices
GEO Series GSE11875. Solanum phureja; Solanum tuberosum. 48 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Effect of Agricultural Practices on Crops, Gut Microbiome, and Human Health
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07165145. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
TRACE-Soils, Dynamics and kinetics of phosphatase activity in European agricultural soils under long-term tillage reduction practices
<p>This dataset contains information of chemical, physical and biological soil parameters including phosphatase activities and kinetics from seven long term agricultural fields throughout Europe under different tillage practices (no-tillage, reduced tillage and standard tillage) at two sampling depths (0 - 10 and 10 - 20 cm). This dataset is linked to the publication Tamara Gómez-Gallego <em>et al. </em>? in Soil Biology and Biochemistry (under review).</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.