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108 results for “asynchrony”
Variation in incubation length and hatching asynchrony in Eastern Kingbirds: weather eclipses female effects
<p>Incubation length and hatching asynchrony are integral elements of the evolved reproductive strategies of birds and here we here quantify intra- and interpopulation variation in both traits for Eastern Kingbird (<i>Tyrannus tyrannus</i>) populations from New York (NY), Kansas (KS), and Oregon (OR). Multiple samples from a subset of females demonstrated that neither incubation length nor hatching asynchrony was repeatable, that both traits varied with a female trait (clutch size), but that variation in both incubation length and hatching asynchrony was to a substantial degree linked to weather, namely ambient temperature and precipitation. Incubation length exhibited the same median (15 days) and range (13 to 17 days) at all sites, and model selection results indicated that incubation periods were longer in NY than KS, among the smallest and largest clutches, when rain was frequent throughout the period when eggs were in the nest, in replacement nests, and likely when ambient temperatures were low during egg-laying. Full hatching usually required 2 days (but up to 3), and more synchronous hatching was associated with small clutch size, short incubation periods, frequent rain during the egg-laying period, and low ambient temperatures during the first half of incubation. Only 5% to 9% of nestlings starved and starvation was not associated with greater hatching asynchrony, indicating the nestling starvation was likely not a cost of hatching asynchrony. Thus, although clutch size, a female trait, contributed to variation in incubation length and hatching asynchrony, weather was a greater source of variation, especially for incubation length. Weather thus influences length of exposure of eggs to destructive forces (predators and severe weather), and as a consequence, climate change has the potential to influence reproductive success.</p>
Population divergence associated with spatial asynchrony in precipitation in neotropical frogs
<p><span>Aim</span><span>: To test the role of asynchrony in precipitation patterns among populations –a proxy for asynchronous breeding– as a driver of intraspecific genetic divergence across 38 species of Neotropical frogs. In addition, to examine whether regions with more asynchronous precipitation regimes across space have higher frog species richness and have experienced greater speciation rates than regions with more spatially synchronous precipitation regimes.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Location</span></strong><span><strong>: </strong>Central and South America</span></p> <p><strong><span>Taxon</span></strong><span><strong>:</strong> Anurans</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong><span><strong>: </strong>For microevolutionary analyses, we assessed the relationship between spatial asynchrony in precipitation and mtDNA genetic divergence accounting for ecological connectivity using multiple regression and phylogenetic meta-analyses. For macroevolutionary analyses, we assessed the relationship between species richness, speciation rates estimated from a comprehensive molecular phylogeny, and the degree of spatial asynchrony in precipitation using generalized linear models.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results and Main conclusions:</span></strong><span><strong> </strong>Beyond a generalized effect of ecological connectivity on intraspecific genetic divergence, we found that spatial asynchrony in precipitation is positively associated with genetic differentiation in 39% of the species tested, resulting in a weak cross-species effect. However, the effect of asynchrony in precipitation on population divergence seems not to scale to macroevolutionary patterns because spatial asynchrony in precipitation was not associated with geographical patterns of species richness nor present-day speciation rates. Our results indicate that asynchronous breeding may promote genetic divergence even in the absence of geographic barriers in species where breeding is associated with water availability, but such effects may not be stable enough through time to influence macroevolutionary patterns.</span></p>
Figure 2 in The role of hatching asynchrony in brood size reduction of the great tit Parus major in a Mediterranean pine forest
Figure 2. Distribution of estimated age at time of death of nestlings in synchronous (asynchrony of 0 or 1 days, white bars) and asynchronous (asynchrony of 2 or more days, black bars) broods.
Figure 1 in The role of hatching asynchrony in brood size reduction of the great tit Parus major in a Mediterranean pine forest
Figure 1. Mean hatching asynchrony by five-day periods against laying date (vertical lines indicate range of values).
Reproductive asynchrony within social groups of female eastern wild turkeys
<p>Coordination in timing of reproduction is driven by multiple ecological and sociobiological processes for a wide array of species. Eastern wild turkeys (<em>Meleagris gallopavo silvestris</em>) use a male dominance polygynous mating system, where males communicate with females via elaborate courtship displays and vocalizations at display sites. Most females prefer to mate with dominant males, therefore asynchronous breeding and nesting may occur which can disproportionately influence individual fitness within breeding groups. For female wild turkeys, there are reproductive advantages associated with earlier nesting. As such, we evaluated reproductive synchrony within and between groups of GPS-tagged female eastern wild turkeys based on timing of nest initiation. We examined 30 social groups with an average of 7 females per group (range 2-15) during 2014-2019 in west central Louisiana. We found that the estimated number of days between first nest initiation across females within groups varied between 3-7 days across years, although we expected 1-2 days to occur between successive nesting attempts of females within groups based on observations of captive wild turkeys in the extant literature. The number of days between successive nest attempts across females within groups was lower for successful than failed attempts, and nests with an average of 2.8 days between initiation of another nest were more likely to hatch. Our findings suggest that asynchronous reproduction may influence reproductive success in female wild turkeys.</p>
Pollinator asynchrony drives the temporal stability of flower visitation rates, but not of plant reproductive success
<p>Data and code of the article titled " Pollinator asynchrony drives the temporal stability of flower visitation rates, but not of plant reproductive success" by Estefanía Tobajas, Virginia Domínguez-García, Francisco P. Molina and Ignasi Bartomeus</p>
Diversity, plasticity and asynchrony of actuarial and reproductive senescence in the Collembola Folsomia candida (Willem, 1902)
<p>This spreadsheet contains the data that has been analysed in the paper entitled </p><p> Diversity, plasticity and asynchrony of actuarial and reproductive senescence in the Collembola Folsomia candida (Willem, 1902)</p><p>Thomas Tully Original Research, Front. Ecol. Evol. - Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology </p><p>10.3389/fevo.2023.1112045<br> </p><p>220 isolated individuals of the Collembola Folsomia candida have been raised and followed until their death. The Collembola belong to 11 clonal lineages grouped into two distinct clades (A and B, see "Clones" sheet). Half of the Collembola have been raised in an environment where food was provided ad libitum (high food, "+"), while for the other half, food was available only one day per week (low food "-").</p><p>We report the age of death in the "Lifespan" sheet, together with the Collembola size at death, and their lifetime reproductive success.</p><p>We report the clutch size (number of eggs) of each clutch laid by each individual in the "Reproduction" sheet. For each clutch we have the Collembola size and for some of the clutches the mean egg size and proportion of sterile eggs. </p><p>In the "Egg_size" sheet we put all the egg size measurements that have been made (one line per egg measured). </p><p>In the "Cumulative_Fecundity" sheet, we have the age, fecundity and cumulative fecundity for each laying event and also for the individual death ("clutch number=0 for death). </p>
Patient-ventilator Asynchrony in Patients With Brain Injury
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03212482. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Use of Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA) Versus Pressure Support During Asynchrony in Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01159106. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Effect of Asynchronies on Sleep Disruption During Mechanical Ventilation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05847374. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Asynchronies During Mechanical Ventilation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03451461. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Asynchronies in Pediatric Noninvasive Ventilation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04017780. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 19.
Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Pressure Curves on the Ability of Professionals to Identify Patient-ventilator Asynchronies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05144607. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 33.
Automated Detection of Patient Ventilator Asynchrony Using Pes Signal
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06186557. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Assessment of Patient-ventilator Asynchrony by Electric Impedance Tomography
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06290310. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Study to Measure the Prevalence of Asynchrony In Mechanically Ventilated Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01049958. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Impact of Neurally Adjusted Ventilator Assist (NAVA) Mode on Patient Ventilator Asynchrony Using Non-invasive Ventilation (NAVA-NIV)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01280760. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Two Cycling Off Modes in Pressure Support: Study of Respiratory Mechanics, Breathing Comfort and Asynchrony Patterns
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00910286. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Impact of Proportional Assisted Ventilation on Dyspnea and Asynchrony in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02801994. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 43.
Respiratory Mechanics and Patient-ventilator Asynchrony Index in Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02687802. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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