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40 results for “bioenergy crop”
Data for: Multifunctional landscapes for dedicated bioenergy crops lead to low-carbon market-competitive biofuels
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Data from: No‐till establishment improves the climate benefit of bioenergy crops on marginal grasslands
<p>Expanding biofuel production is expected to accelerate the conversion of unmanaged marginal lands to meet biomass feedstock needs. Greenhouse gas production during conversion jeopardizes ensuing climate benefits, but most research to date has focused only on conversion to annual crops and only following tillage. Here we report the global warming impact of converting USDA Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) grasslands to three types of bioenergy crops using no-till (NT) versus conventional tillage (CT). In three CRP fields planted to continuous corn, switchgrass, or restored prairie we established replicated NT and CT plots. For the two years following an initial soybean year in all fields, we found that, on average, NT conversion reduced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by 50% and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 20% compared to CT conversion. Differences were higher in year 1 than in year 2 in the continuous corn field, and in the two perennial systems the differences disappeared after year 1. In all fields net CO2 emissions (as measured by eddy covariance) were positive for the first two years following CT establishment, but following NT establishment net CO2 emissions were close to zero or negative, indicating net C sequestration. Overall, NT improved the global warming impact of biofuel crop establishment following CRP conversion by over 20-fold compared to CT (-6.01 Mg CO2e ha-1 yr-1 for NT vs. -0.25 Mg CO2e ha-1 yr-1 for CT, on average). We also found that IPCC estimates of N2O emissions (as measured by static chambers) greatly underestimated actual emissions for converted fields regardless of tillage. Policies should encourage adoption of NT for converting<br> marginal grasslands to perennial bioenergy crops in order to reduce carbon debt and maximize climate benefits.</p>
Biophysical effects of bioenergy crop cultivation scenarios on global land air temperature
<p>Biophysical effects of different bioenergy crop cultivation scenarios on global land air temperature simulated by coupled IPSL-CM model, with ORCHIDEE-MICT-BIOENERGY as the land component and LMDz as the atmosphere component. The spatial resolution of the coupled model was 1.26° latitude × 2.5° longitude (i.e., 143*144 grid cells globally).</p> <p>Datasets includes:</p> <p>1. Source data for global air temperature change in each grid from different scenarios based on the idealized cultivation map and the land cover type for the simulations.</p> <p>2. Source data for global temperature change and its different contributors.</p> <p>3. Source data for global temperature change in different regions.</p> <p>4. Source data for global temperature change and different contributors in scenarios based on different cultivation maps.</p> <p> </p>
The effects of integrated food and bioenergy cropping systems on crop yields, soil health, and biomass quality: the EU and Brazilian experience
<p><strong>Data Set</strong></p> <p>This multiyear and multi-location study provides new insights on the integration of dedicated legume crops within conventional EU (wheat-maize) and Brazilian (sugarcane) farming systems so to meet the forecasted increasing feedstock demands for the production of renewable transport biofuels without negatively affecting food production nor soil fertility. Sunn hemp demonstrated to be a suitable leguminous fiber feedstock to be grown in extended crop rotations. Integrating sunn hemp within the conventional systems in EU did not have negative effects on food yields, while feedstock availability increased up to 2.0 times. In Brazil, sugarcane stalks yield increased up to 15 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup>.</p>
Mapping the yields of lignocellulosic bioenergy crops from observations at the global scale
<p>This package contains the gridded yield data for lignocellulosic bioenergy crops developed from a global yield observation dataset using a random forest algorithm based on climatic and soil conditions. The data are global yield maps of five important lignocellulosic bioenergy crops (eucalypt, Miscanthus, poplar, switchgrass and willow) under current technology, climate and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> conditions at a 0.5° × 0.5° spatial resolution. A combined “best bioenergy crop” yield map is also provided by selecting the one of the five crop types with the highest yield in each of the grid cell. The yield unit is “ton DM ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>”. Please see more details in the associated paper on ESSD.</p>
Dataset: Arthropod overwintering in bioenergy crops
<p><span>Perennial energy crops (PECs) can reduce negative impacts of intensive silage maize cultivation on the environment. Further, remaining vegetation of PECs after harvest may provide suitable habitat and more beneficial overwintering conditions for arthropods than maize. We hypothesized that after harvest and in winter, arthropod abundance and biomass are higher in PECs than in silage maize.</span></p> <p><span>In a field experiment, we compared the two PECs cup plant and field grass with silage maize regarding their suitability as autumn (post-harvest) and overwintering habitats for arthropods. We measured soil temperature and moisture and analyzed biomass as well as abundance of autumn-active and overwintering arthropods of these three crops. During autumn we assessed arthropods by suction sampling in 24 plots of the experimental field. In spring we assessed soil-emerging arthropods for four times in 18 plots.</span></p> <p><span>In PEC plots, soils were moister and less exposed to cold temperatures than in maize. Compared to maize, total arthropod abundance and biomass were higher in PEC plots for both sampling periods. Results were similar for most examined arthropod taxa. </span></p> <p><span>Our results demonstrate that, compared to silage maize, the PECs provide suitable post-harvest habitats and constitute more suitable overwintering habitats for arthropods. We assume that differences are based on lack of disturbance and the provision of vegetation structures after harvest that function as overwintering habitat for arthropods. We conclude that positive effects of PECs on ground arthropods are not limited to their growing time but continue after harvest and during winter.</span></p>
Dataset: Arthropod overwintering in bioenergy crops
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Data from: No‐till establishment improves the climate benefit of bioenergy crops on marginal grasslands
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Data from: Nitrogen fertilization effects on productivity and nitrogen loss in three grass-based perennial bioenergy cropping systems
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Yield data for "Sanford, G. R. et.al. 2016. Comparative productivity of alternative cellulosic bioenergy cropping systems in the North Central USA. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 216:344-355."
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Data from: Effects of carbon-based nanomaterials on seed germination, biomass accumulation and salt stress response of bioenergy crops
Bioenergy crops are an attractive option for use in energy production. A good plant candidate for bioenergy applications should produce a high amount of biomass and resist harsh environmental conditions. Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) have been described as promising seed germination and plant growth regulators. In this paper, we tested the impact of two CBNs: graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on germination and biomass production of two major bioenergy crops (sorghum and switchgrass). The application of graphene and CNTs increased the germination rate of switchgrass seeds and led to an early germination of sorghum seeds. The exposure of switchgrass to graphene (200 mg/l) resulted in a 28% increase of total biomass produced compared to untreated plants. We tested the impact of CBNs on bioenergy crops under salt stress conditions and discovered that CBNs can significantly reduce symptoms of salt stress imposed by the addition of NaCl into the growth medium. Using an ion selective electrode, we demonstrated that the concentration of Na+ ions in NaCl solution can be significantly decreased by the addition of CNTs to the salt solution. Our data confirmed the potential of CBNs as plant growth regulators for non-food crops and demonstrated the role of CBNs in the protection of plants against salt stress by desalination of saline growth medium.
Data From: Diversifying bioenergy crops increases yield and yield stability by reducing weed abundance
<p>Relationships between species diversity, productivity, temporal stability of productivity, and plant invasion have been well documented in grasslands, and these relationships could translate to improved agricultural sustainability. However, few studies have explored these relationships in agricultural contexts where fertility and weeds are managed. Using seven years of biomass yield and species composition data from twelve species mixture treatments varying in native species diversity, we found that species richness increased yield and inter-annual yield stability by reducing weed abundance. Stability was driven by yield as opposed to temporal variability of yield. Nitrogen fertilization increased yield, but at the expense of yield stability. We show how relationships between diversity, species asynchrony, invasion, productivity and stability observed in natural grasslands can extend into managed agricultural systems. Increasing bioenergy crop diversity can improve farmer economics via increased yield, reduced yield variability, and reduced inputs for weed control, thus promoting perennial vegetation on agricultural lands.</p>
Supplementary material 4 from: Ende LM, Lauerer M (2022) Spreading of the cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum) in northern Bavaria (Germany) from bioenergy crops. NeoBiota 79: 87-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.79.94283
Dataset establishing cup plants
Supplementary material 3 from: Ende LM, Lauerer M (2022) Spreading of the cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum) in northern Bavaria (Germany) from bioenergy crops. NeoBiota 79: 87-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.79.94283
Dataset invaded and uninvaded plots
Supplementary material 2 from: Ende LM, Lauerer M (2022) Spreading of the cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum) in northern Bavaria (Germany) from bioenergy crops. NeoBiota 79: 87-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.79.94283
Distribution of parameters in all plots independent whether invaded or uninvaded
Supplementary material 1 from: Ende LM, Lauerer M (2022) Spreading of the cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum) in northern Bavaria (Germany) from bioenergy crops. NeoBiota 79: 87-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.79.94283
Characteristics of cup plant fields around which data were collected
Data from: Cover crop root contributions to soil carbon in a no-till corn bioenergy cropping system
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Data from: Effects of carbon-based nanomaterials on seed germination, biomass accumulation and salt stress response of bioenergy crops
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Data From: Diversifying bioenergy crops increases yield and yield stability by reducing weed abundance
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Analysis of Brachypodium miRNA targets: Evidence for diverse control during stress and conservation in bioenergy crops
GEO Series GSE112296. Sorghum bicolor; Brachypodium distachyon; Panicum virgatum. 44 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Other.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.