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260 results for “camouflage”

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zenodo36/100

Camouflage Tree Observation Post

WW1 Observation post disguised as a pollarded willow tree. Now located in the Imperial War Museum, London. Museum collection database describes it as German. Museum signage describes it as British. From Twitter @I_W_M: "The British employed around 45 of these trees, most being put in position prior to the Battle of the Somme in 1916. It's possible IWM's tree was in a position overrun by the Germans, either during a counterattack or during their offensive in spring 1918. The ground and tree would then have been retaken by the British, leading to the belief that it was of German origin. The tree is described as being German in early IWM paperwork, which is why the confusion has persisted, and a note will be added to its record." Date: 1910s https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30028510 53 photos taken in September 2020 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Reality Capture. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab

opencc-bySep 2020View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Scottish mountain hares do not respond behaviorally to camouflage mismatch

Climate change has resulted in myriad stressors to wild organisms. Phenotypic plasticity, including behavioral plasticity, is hypothesized to play a key role in allowing animals to cope with rapid climate change and mitigate its negative fitness consequences. Camouflage mismatch resulting from decreasing duration of snow cover presents a stressor to species that undergo coat color molts to maintain camouflage against seasonally changing backgrounds. Winter white animals appear highly conspicuous against dark, snowless background and experience increased predation-induced mortality. Here, we evaluate the potential of behavioral plasticity to buffer against camouflage mismatch in mountain hares (Lepus timidus) in Scotland. We carried out field surveys in three populations over two years and found no evidence that hares modify their behaviors in response to increasing camouflage mismatch. Hares did not prefer to rest closer to light-colored rocks or farther from conspecifics with increasing color contrast. Furthermore, whiter hares did not seek to rest closer to snowy backgrounds; rather, hares preferred to sit farther from snow. These results suggest that behavioral plasticity might not be a universal, rapid mechanism facilitating adaptation to climate change.

opencc-zeroJul 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Bats actively use leaves as specular reflectors to detect acoustically camouflaged prey

Measured target strength from 541 positions for 5 different frequency bands. Bat positions in incidence angles of for 33 flight paths.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2018View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Optimizing countershading camouflage

Because the sun and sky are above us, natural illumination is directional and the cues from shading reveal shape and depth. However, many animals are darker on their backs and, over 100 years ago, it was proposed that this phenomenon was camouflage: countering the cues to shape that directional illumination creates. However, does this camouflage work in practice? We predicted the optimal countershading for different lighting conditions and tested this possibility with correspondingly patterned model "caterpillars" predated by birds in the wild. Predation rates varied with coloration and lighting in exactly the manner predicted. Such subtlety in the effects of countershading vindicates conclusions from prior evidence demonstrating stronger countershading in animals in more brightly lit habitats.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

zenodo36/100

Fig. 8 in Anatomy of Disguise: Camouflaging Structures in Nymphs of Some Reduviidae (Heteroptera)

Fig. 8. Salyavata sp.: Long-projection trichome with associated seta, 5th instar nymph, LM.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2006View details →

dryad36/100

Time-dependent benefits of camouflage strategies on heterogeneous backgrounds

Background-matching camouflage is a well-established strategy to reduce detection, but implementing this on heterogeneous backgrounds is challenging. For prey with fixed colour patterns, solutions include specialising on a particular visual microhabitat or adopting a compromise or generalist appearance, matching multiple backgrounds imperfectly. Existing studies suggest both approaches can succeed, but most consider relatively simple scenarios, where artificial prey appear against two backgrounds differing in a single visual characteristic. Here, we used computer-based search tasks with human participants to test the relative benefits of specialising and generalising for complex targets, displayed on either two or four types of naturalistic backgrounds. Overall, across two background types, specialisation was beneficial, though its success varied with search duration, such that generalist targets could outperform specialists in the first seconds of each search event. Against four different backgrounds, the initial cost to specialisation was greater, so specialists and generalists ultimately experienced similar survival. Generalists performed better when their patterning was a compromise between backgrounds that were more similar to each other than when backgrounds were more different, with similarity in luminance more relevant than pattern differences. Time-dependence in the relative success of these strategies suggests that predator search behaviour may affect optimal camouflage in real-world situations.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Survival data and code: Camouflage using 3D surface disruption

Disruptive markings are common in animal patterns and can provide camouflage benefits by concealing the body's true edges and/or by breaking the surface of the body into multiple depth planes. Disruptive patterns that are accentuated by high contrast borders are most likely to provide false depth cues to enhance camouflage, but studies to date have used visual detection models or humans as predators. We presented 3D-printed moth-like targets to wild bird predators to determine whether: (1) 3D prey with disrupted body surfaces have higher survival than 3D prey with continuous surfaces, (2) 2D prey with disruptive patterns or enhanced edge markings have higher survival than non-patterned 2D prey. We found a survival benefit for 3D prey with disrupted surfaces, even after accounting for luminance differences among the treatments. There was no evidence that false depth cues provided the same protective benefits as physical surface disruption in 3D prey, perhaps because our treatments did not mimic the complexity of patterns found in natural animal markings. Our findings indicate that disruption of surface continuity is an important strategy for concealing a 3D body shape.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

ClinicalTrials.gov36/100

Skin Camouflage for Women Prisoners With Self-Harm Scarring

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02638974. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.

closedIPD-NOFeb 2026View details →

dryad36/100