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Fig. 9 in Morphometry and DNA barcoding reveal cryptic diversity in the genus Enteromius (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Congo basin, Africa

Fig. 9. Scatterplot of PC2 against PC1 for a PCA on 10 meristics (n = 36) of E. cf. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917): Epulu 2 (▲), and Ituri 8 (). Also shown are the type specimens of E. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917) (○).

Fig. 8 in Morphometry and DNA barcoding reveal cryptic diversity in the genus Enteromius (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Congo basin, Africa

Fig. 8. Scatterplot of PC2 against PC1 for a PCA on 10 meristics (n = 42) of E. cf. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917): Ituri 5 (◊), Ituri 6 (♦), Ituri/'Kisangani region' (∆), Epulu 2 (▲), and Ituri 8 (). Also shown are the type specimens of E. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917) (○).

Fig. 4 in Morphometry and DNA barcoding reveal cryptic diversity in the genus Enteromius (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Congo basin, Africa

Fig. 4. Scatterplot of PC2 against PC1 for a PCA on 10 meristics (n = 177) of Enteromius: E. cf. miolepis (Boulenger, 1902) (◊), E. cf. brazzai (Pellegrin, 1901) (♦), E. cf. pellegrini (Poll, 1939) (∆), and E. cf. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917) (▲). Also shown are the type specimens examined of: E. miolepis (Boulenger, 1902) (○), E. holotaenia (Boulenger, 1904) (●), E. eutaenia (Boulenger, 1904) (□), E. kerstenii (Peters, 1868) (■), E. brazzai (Pellegrin, 1901) (), E. tshopoensis (De Vos, 1991) (▼), E. pellegrini (Poll, 1939) (+), and E. atromaculatus (Nichols & Griscom, 1917) ().

Fig. 7 in Morphometry and DNA barcoding reveal cryptic diversity in the genus Enteromius (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from the Congo basin, Africa

Fig. 7. Scatterplot of PC2 against PC1 for a PCA on 10 meristics (n = 22) of E. cf. brazzai (Pellegrin, 1901): 'Kisangani region' 2 (◊), Ituri 3 (♦) and 'Kisangani region' 3 (∆). Also shown are the type specimens examined of E. brazzai (Pellegrin, 1901) (○) and E. tshopoensis (De Vos, 1991) (●).

Fig. 8 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 8. Female genitalia of Phtheochroa spp. A. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov., Bulgaria, Rila Mts. – B. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, paratype. Arrow: ventral diverticulum of ductus bursae. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Fig. 5 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 5. Phalli with vesica everted, Phtheochroa schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A–B. Bulgaria, Rila Mts. – C–D. Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. A, C: left. B, D: dorsal. Abbreviations: gs = gonopore sclerotization; ld = left diverticulum; rd = right diverticulum; svd = small ventral diverticulum; vpp = ventral phallic process. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Fig. 10 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 10. Distribution of the Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. species complex based on examined material.

Fig. 1 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 1. Adults of Phtheochroa spp. A–D. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A. ♂, Bulgaria, Pirin Mts. B. ♂, Bulgaria, Rila Mts. C. ♀, Bulgaria, Rila Mts. D. ♂, Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. – E–F. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes. E. Holotype, ♂. F. Paratype, ♀. – G. P. apenninana sp. nov., holotype, ♂, Italy, Gran Sasso National Park. – H. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., ♂, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana, Andorra, Pyrenees. – I–J. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park. I. Holotype, ♂. J. Paratype, ♂. Scale bar = 5 mm, all to scale.

Fig. 9 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 9. Maximum likelihood tree (built with MEGA6) of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode fragments. Values at the nodes are bootstrap support values based on 500 replicates.

Fig. 4 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 4. Ventral phallic process of Phtheochroa spp., ventral view. A–C. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A–B. Bulgaria, Rila Mts. C. Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. – D–E. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes. D. Holotype. E. Paratype. – F–G. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park. F. Paratype. G. Holotype. – H. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – I–J. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park. I. Holotype. J. Paratype. Scale bar = 100 µm, all to scale.

Fig. 6 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 6. Phalli with vesica everted of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, holotype. – C–D. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park, holotype. A, C: left. B, D: dorsal. Abbreviations: dd = dorsal diverticulum; vd = ventral diverticulum; other abbreviations as in Fig. 5. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Fig. 7 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 7. Phalli with vesica everted of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – C–D. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, holotype. A, C: left. B, D: dorsal. Abbreviations as in Figs 5–6. Scale bar = 250 µm.

Fig. 2 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 2. Male genitalia (without phalli) of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov. A. Bulgaria, Rila Mts. B. Republic of Macedonia, Korab Mts. – C. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, holotype. – D. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park, holotype. – E. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – F. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, holotype. Scale bar = 250 µm, all to scale.

Fig. 3 in Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 3. Transtilla of Phtheochroa spp. A–B. P. schawerdae (Rebel, 1908) comb. nov., Bulgaria, Rila Mts. – C. P. alpinana sp. nov., France, Alpes Maritimes, holotype. – D. P. apenninana sp. nov., Italy, Gran Sasso National Park, holotype. – E. P. frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev., Andorra, Pyrenees, neotype of Eupoecilia frigidana. – F. P. cantabriana sp. nov., Spain, Picos de Europa National Park, paratype. Scale bar = 250 µm, all to scale.

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Fig. 5 in Reassessment of the taxonomic status of Pseudopaludicola parnaiba (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae), with the description of a new cryptic species from the Brazilian Cerrado

Fig. 5. Holotype and five paratypes of Pseudopaludicola coracoralinae sp. nov. in life. A. ZUEC 24704 (holotype, adult ♂ and call voucher), SVL = 13.1 mm. B. ZUEC 24703 (adult ♂ and call voucher), SVL = 13.2 mm. C. ZUEC 24707 (adult ♂), SVL = 12.5 mm. D. ZUEC 24712 (adult ♀), SVL = 16.0 mm. E. ZUEC 24705 (adult ♀), SVL = 16.8 mm. F. ZUEC 24706 (adult ♀), SVL = 17.0 mm.

Fig. 2 in Integrative taxonomy reveals two new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Maracaçumé and middle Tocantins River basins, Eastern Amazon region

Fig. 2. Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov. (CICCAA 02388), 17.7 mm SL; jaw suspensory. A. Premaxillary. B. Maxilla. C. Dentary. Scale bar: 1 mm

Fig. 5 in A new cryptic species of Pithecopus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) in north-eastern Brazil

Fig. 5. Phylogenetic relationships of Pithecopus Cope, 1866 based on 16S rDNA mitochondrial fragment. Topology inferred from the Bayesian inference based on the GTR+G model. Posterior probabilities are shown at each node. Scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Expanded topology for P. gonzagai sp. nov. and P. nordestinus (Caramaschi, 2006) is in Supplementary file 6.

Fig. 3 in A new cryptic species of Pithecopus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) in north-eastern Brazil

Fig. 3. Pithecopus gonzagai sp. nov. from Brazilian north-eastern, in life. A. From the municipality of Pilar, state of Alagoas (AL). B. From the municipality of Recife, state of Pernambuco (PE). C. From the municipality of Sṳo Miguel dos Milagres, AL. D. Arboreal eggs from the municipality of Poçṳo, PE. Photographs by M. Aguiar.

Fig. 2 in A new cryptic species of Pithecopus (Anura, Phyllomedusidae) in north-eastern Brazil

Fig. 2. Pithecopus gonzagai sp. nov., adult ♂, holotype (ZUEC 19685; SVL = 32.7 mm). A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Head, lateral view. D. Head, dorsal view. E. Hand, ventral view. F. Foot, ventral view.

Fig. 8 in Integrative taxonomy reveals two new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Maracaçumé and middle Tocantins River basins, Eastern Amazon region

Fig. 8. Topology of the ultrametric tree performed in BEAST ver. 1.8.4 including unique haplotypes summarizing the results of GMYC, bPTP and ABGD. Numbers above and below branches are posterior probability values. The star indicates the Hyphessobrycon copelandi clade.