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107 results for “developmental response”
Data and code from: Early developmental decline in HSP expression affects subsequent response to transient heat exposure
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Data from: Loggerhead sea turtle embryos (Caretta caretta) regulate expression of stress-response and developmental genes when exposed to a biologically realistic heat stress
Oviparous reptile embryos are expected to breach their critical thermal maxima if temperatures reach those predicted under current climate change models due to the lack the maternal buffering processes and parental care. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are integral in the molecular response to thermal stress, and their expression is heritable, but the roles of other candidate families such as the heat shock factors (HSFs) have not been determined in reptiles. Here we subject embryonic sea turtles (Caretta caretta) to a biologically realistic thermal stress and employ de novo transcriptomic profiling of brain tissue to investigate the underlying molecular response. From a reference transcriptome of 302,293 transcripts, 179 were identified as differentially expressed between treatments. As anticipated, genes enriched in the heat shock treatment were primarily associated with the Hsp families, or were genes whose products play similar protein editing and chaperone functions (e.g. bag3, MYOC and serpinh1). Unexpectedly, genes encoding the HSFs were not significantly upregulated under thermal stress, indicating their presence in unstressed cells in an inactive state. Genes that were downregulated under thermal stress were less well functionally defined but were associated with stress response, development, and cellular organization, suggesting that developmental processes may be compromised at realistically high temperatures. These results confirm that genes from the Hsp families play vital roles in the thermal tolerance of developing reptile embryos, and in addition with a number of other genes, should be targets for evaluating the capacity of oviparous reptiles to respond adaptively to the effects of climate change.
Data from: Developmental and transcriptomal responses to seasonal dietary shifts in the cactophilic Drosophila mojavensis of North America
Drosophila mojavensis normally breeds in necrotic columnar cactus, but they also feed and breed in Opuntia fruit (prickly pear) which serves as a seasonal resource. The prickly pear fruits are much different chemically from cacti, mainly in their free sugars and lipid content, raising the question of the effects of this seasonal shift on fitness and on gene expression. Here we reared three isofemale strains of D. mojavensis collected from different parts of the species' range on semi-natural medium of either cactus or prickly pear fruit and measured the development time, survival, body weights and desiccation resistance. All these parameters were affected by diet and by interaction with strain and or sex. Interestingly, however, there appear to be tradeoffs: flies developed faster in prickly pear and the emerging adults were heavier, but those having grown in cactus were more resistant to desiccation. We also evaluated gene expression of emerging male and female adult flies using RNA-Seq. While more genes were down-regulated in prickly pear fruit than up-regulated in both sexes, the sexes did differ in expression patterns. The majority of the genes that were preferentially expressed comparing prickly pear fruit vs cactus underlie metabolism. Genes involved with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as with the amino acid serine, and their relationship to growth and development reflect the ways in which these dietary differences affect the flies.
Data from: Variation in growth and developmental responses to supraoptimal temperatures near latitudinal range limits of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (L.), an expanding invasive species
Variation in thermal performance within and between populations provides the potential for adaptive responses to increasing temperatures associated with climate change. Organisms experiencing temperatures above their optimum on a thermal performance curve exhibit rapid declines in function and these supraoptimal temperatures can be a critical physiological component of range limits. The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), is one of the best-documented biological invasions and factors driving its spatial spread are of significant ecological and economic interest. The present study examines gypsy moth sourced from different latitudes across its North American range for sensitivity to high temperature in constant temperature growth chamber experiments. Supraoptimal temperatures result in higher mortality in northern populations compared with populations from the southern range extent (West Virginia and coastal plain of Virginia, U.S.A.). Sublethal effects of high temperature on traits associated with fitness, such as smaller pupal mass, are apparent in northern and West Virginia populations. Overall, the results indicate that populations near the southern limits of the range are less sensitive to high temperatures than northern populations from the established range. However, southern populations are lower performing overall, based on pupal mass and development time, relative to northern populations. This suggests that there may be a trade-off associated with decreased heat sensitivity in gypsy moth. Understanding how species adapt to thermal limits and possible fitness trade-offs of heat tolerance represents an important step toward predicting climatically driven changes in species ranges, which is a particularly critical consideration in conservation and invasion ecology.
Response of different embryonic developmental stages of Radix balthica to a 24 h 36°C exposure
<p>Sample datasets and video acquired using the EmbryoPhenomics platform. Experiment assessing influence of culture at 36C for 24 h on three developmental stages (E3, E7 and E9) of the aquatic gastropod <em>Radix balthica</em>. The EmbryoCV package was used to produce phenome-level data. Datasets and associated video for an individual embryo from each developmental stage.</p>
Associations among cotyledon developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity in response to shading and burial depth in five herbaceous species at early seedling stage
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Premise of research. </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Cotyledons have important functions in early seedling stage and have important effects on later stages, but we know little about the relationships among developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity in cotyledons. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Methodology. </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>We conducted </span><span><span>a field</span></span><span> experiment with five herbaceous species, by subjecting them to contrasting light conditions and burial depths and measuring their cotyledon size and fluctuating asymmetry (random deviation from perfect bilateral symmetry, indicating developmental stability or instability), coefficient of variation and plasticity of cotyledon size,</span><span> </span><span>to investigate the relationships among</span><span> </span><span>cotyledon developmental stability, canalization and plasticity in response to shading and deep burial. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Pivotal </span><span><span>r</span></span><span>esults. </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em><span>Pharbitis purpurea</span></em><span>, </span><em><span>Convolvulus arvensis</span></em><span> and </span><em><span>Carpesium</span></em><span> </span><em><span>abrotanoides</span></em><span> had increased cotyledon size in response to shading at both burial depths;</span><em><span> Abutilon theophrasti</span></em><span> showed reduced cotyledon size in response to shading vs. full light at shallow depth, but greater cotyledon size </span><span>in response to </span><span>both shading and deep burial. </span><span>Shading increased cotyledon fluctuating asymmetry of</span><em><span> </span></em><em><span>P</span></em><em><span><span>.</span></span></em><em><span> purpurea</span></em><span> and </span><em><span>C</span></em><em><span><span>.</span></span></em><span> </span><em><span>abrotanoides</span></em><span>, while deep burial decreased it. Cotyledon fluctuating asymmetry had positive correlations with coefficient of variation and plasticity in response to shade in shading, with little correlation between coefficient of variation and plasticity. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span><span>C</span></span><span>onclusions. </span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Results suggested</span><span> </span><em><span>A</span></em><em><span><span>.</span></span></em><em><span> theophrasti</span></em><span> </span><span>may have greater tolerance for multiple stresses than the other species,</span><span> and deep burial may improve shade tolerance of cotyledons through moderate level of stress selection</span><span>. Both developmental instability</span><span> and decreased canalization may indicate </span><span><span>the</span></span><span> state of faster growth. </span><span>Developmental instability</span><span> can facilitate more-active response to shading in cotyledon, while the relationship between canalization and plasticity should be more complex. </span></p>
Early Neurodivergent Developmental Trajectories in Autism and in Response to the ESDM Intervention
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06494605. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Variation in growth and developmental responses to supraoptimal temperatures near latitudinal range limits of gypsy moth Lymantria dispar (L.), an expanding invasive species
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Data from: Developmental and transcriptomal responses to seasonal dietary shifts in the cactophilic Drosophila mojavensis of North America
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Data from: Loggerhead sea turtle embryos (Caretta caretta) regulate expression of stress-response and developmental genes when exposed to a biologically realistic heat stress
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Data from: Elevational differences in developmental plasticity determine phenological responses of grasshoppers to recent climate warming
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Associations among cotyledon developmental stability, canalization and phenotypic plasticity in response to shading and burial depth in five herbaceous species at early seedling stage
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Data from: Developmental plasticity of the stress response in female but not male guppies
To survive, animals must respond appropriately to stress. Stress responses are costly, so early-life experiences with potential stressors could adaptively tailor adult stress responses to local conditions. However, how multiple stressors influence the development of the stress response remains unclear, as is the role of sex. Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) are small fish with extensive life history differences between the sexes and population variation in predation pressure and social density. We investigated how sex and early-life experience influence hormonal stress responses by manipulating conspecific density and perceived predation risk during development. In adults, we sampled cortisol twice to measure initial release and change over time in response to a recurring stressor. The sexes differed considerably in their physiological stress response. Males released more cortisol for their body mass than females and did not reduce cortisol release over time. By contrast, all females, except those reared at high density with predation cues, reduced cortisol release over time. Cortisol responses of males were less dynamic in response to current circumstances and early-life experiences than females, consistent with life history differences between the sexes. Our study underscores the importance of early-life experiences, interacting ecological factors, and sex differences in the organization of the stress response.
Data and scripts for Mellado et al. 2024 Developmental instability, body mass, and reproduction predict immunological response in short-tailed bats. Current Zoology (In Press). DOI:10.1093/cz/zoae034
<p>Data and Scripts used in Mellado et al. 2024 Developmental instability, body mass, and reproduction predict immunological response in short-tailed bats.</p> <p>Breno Mellado, Lucas de O. Carneiro, Marcelo R. Nogueira, L. Gerardo Herrera M., Ariovaldo P. Cruz-Neto, Leandro R. Monteiro</p> <p>File ReadmeFirst.txt = this desctription</p> <p>File Melladoetal2024-CurrZool_Supplementary_Materials.pdf = Supplementary figures and tables for Mellado et al. 2024.</p> <p>File Carollia_PHA.txt = data set with 139 observations. Variables are: Sex = factor with sex (M/F), BMass = Body mass in g, ForA = unsigned forearm asymmetry (absolute scale, mm), ForL = right forearm length in mm, IPHA = PHA index, BSeason = factor with period of breeding season (early/late)</p> <p>File Carollia_phaTL.txt = data set with 50 observations. Variables are: BMass = Body mass in g, ForL = right forearm length in mm, IPHA = PHA index, ForA = forearm asymmetry (absolute scale, mm), TL = testicle length in mm, BSeason = factor with period of breeding season (early/late)</p> <p>File pha36hours.txt = data set with 144 observations (24 individuals measured at 0,3,6,10,24,36 hours after injection). Variables are: Ind = Individual identifier, Hour = Hours since injection of PHA solution, IPHA: PHA index</p> <p>script_Carollia_PHA.R = R script for analyses and figures</p>
Figure 3 in Heart rate response and bimodal gas eXchange in three developmental stages of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae)
Figure 3. Heart rate (fH) variation during the experiment (A) and individual fH (B) in larval (blue line and points), premetamorphosis (orange line and points) and metamorphed individuals (green line and points) of Lithobates catesbeianus. All bars represent mean ± s.e.m.
Developmental Regulation of Proteins Responsible for Transforming Drugs in the Body
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00117715. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Developmental plasticity of the stress response in female but not male guppies
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Data from: Frequent fires prime plant developmental responses to burning
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Transcription profiling of rat response to changes in developmental stage - 3 types of tissue 3 gravity conditions 2 developmental conditions
Transcriptional crosstalk between mammary gland liver and adipose tissue Experiment Overall Design: Pregnant and Lactating rats exposed to 3 gravity conditions
A developmentally programmed splicing failure attenuates the DNA damage response during mammalian zygotic genome activation
GEO Series GSE163205. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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