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Fig. 4 in Digestive system of the marine blood fluke, Aporocotyle simplex (Odhner, 1900) (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) with consideration of the digenean digestive morphology
Fig. 4. Ultrastructure of the caecum of Aporocotyle simplex (A) Cross section through caecal portion showing relatively homogeneous and non-cellular content of the caecal lumen, note large dense inclusions and variable residual bodies; insert Type of residual body (B) Area of caecum showing different thickness of cytoplasmic lining, note nucleus, surface lamellae (C) Large residual body in the gastrodermal cytoplasm, note deep basal invaginations (D) Residual body occupying most of the thickness of the gastrodermal cytoplasm, note moderately dense body content and clumps of inclusions of different shapes (E) Tubular structure in the gastrodermal cytoplasm (F) Residual body, note Golgi vesicles within and in contact with it (G) Multivesiculate body and Golgi vesicles (H) Portion of syncytial gastrodermal cytoplasm showing developed stages of large residual bodies, insert Granular endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi vesicles (I, J) Gastrodermal vacuolated surface areas in a secretory-absorptive phase, note surface depressions and an agglomeration of residual material between lamellae (K) Portion of gastrodermal cytoplasm filled with different kinds of vesicles and residual bodies during secretory-absorptive phase. Abbreviations: arm, agglomeration of residual material; bi, basal infoldings; cl, caecal lumen; di, dense inclusion; dlb1, dlb2, developed residual bodies; dm, dense material; gc, gastrodermal syncytial cytoplasm; ger, granular endoplasmic reticulum; gv, Golgi vesicles; hm, haematin; lb, large residual body; mb, multivesiculate body; nb, nascent residual body; sl, surface lamellae; sd, surface depression; rb, residual body; other abbreviations in Figs. 1–3. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; inserts, E, F = 0.2 μm; B, С = 2 μm; D, G, H = 0.5 μm; I – K = 1 μm.
Fig. 3 in Digestive system of the marine blood fluke, Aporocotyle simplex (Odhner, 1900) (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) with consideration of the digenean digestive morphology
Fig. 3. Ultrastructure of middle and posterior esophagus of Aporocotyle simplex (A) Section through middle esophagus surrounded by large area of compact cellular aggregation, note esophageal lumen filled with epithelial cytoplasmic protrusions (B) Section through posterior esophagus surrounding compact cellular aggregation, note blood cells between esophageal cytoplasmic protrusions within duct lumen (C) Esophageal sunken perikaryon showing large area with different stages of secretory granule development in perinuclear cytoplasm, note muscle fibres near cell, insert Large secretory granule surrounded vacuolar area (D, F) Blood cell disintegration within lumen of posterior esophagus, note conglomerations of moderately dense substance around cells permeated with thin terminal protrusions (E) Esophageal perikariya and axonemal and muscle fibres (G) Nascent and forming secretory granules surrounding vacuolar areas, note cellular tubular structures (H) Esophageal perikaryon at the beginning stage of the development (I) Part of posterior esophageal cytoplasmic lining, note large scattered conglomerations of moderately dense substance. Abbreviations: anf, axonemal nerve fibres; bc, blood cells; fg, forming granules; mf, muscle fibres; n, nucleus; ng, nascent granules; tp, protrusion terminal portion; vm, vacuolated matrix around granules; other abbreviations in Figs. 1 and 2. Scale bars: A, B = 10 μm; С – E, G, I = 1 μm; insert, F, H = 0.5 μm.
Fig. 1 in Digestive system of the marine blood fluke, Aporocotyle simplex (Odhner, 1900) (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) with consideration of the digenean digestive morphology
Fig. 1. Anterior foregut of Aporocotyle simplex (A) SEM view of anterior body region, note mouth opening (B, C) LM view of mouth opening, anterior and posterior esophagus, two anterior. and two posterior caeca and caecum bifurcation, note compact cell mass around esophageal portion (D, G) TEM view of anterior foregut portion showing mouth cavity, behind which there is a foregut portion with developed circular and radial muscles and the following anterior esophageal portion, note longitudinal muscle fibres surrounded anterior esophagus (E) Continuation of syncytial tegumental lining of the body into mouth cavity and anterior foregut, note sensory ending around mouth cavity and surface knob-like outgrowths (F) Anterior foregut side showing lateral fold and bunds of circular and radial muscles surrounding foregut syncytial cytoplasm, note well developed nerve plexus (H) Portion of body tegumental cytoplasm, note dense tegumental bodies within cytoplasm and knob-like outgrowths on the surface (I) Anterior foregut syncytial cytoplasm surrounded by circular and radial muscles. Abbreviations: ac, anterior caecum; aes, anterior esophagus; bl, basal lamina; cb, caecum bifurcation; cm, circular muscles; db, dense tegumental bodies; dtc, distal tegumental cytoplasm of the body; elm, esophageal longitudinal muscle fibres; em, extracellular matrix; fsc, foregut syncytial cytoplasm; hd, hemidesmosomes; lf, lateral fold; ko, knob-like outgrowths; maf, muscular portion of anterior foregut; mo, mouth opening; nf, nerve fibers; pc, posterior caecum; pes, posterior esophagus; rm, radial muscles; se, sensory ending; sm, surrounding cell masses; vi, vesicular inclusions. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B = 200 μm; С = 100 μm; D = 5 μm; E, H, I = 1 μm; F, G = 2 μm.
Fig. 2 in Digestive system of the marine blood fluke, Aporocotyle simplex (Odhner, 1900) (Digenea: Aporocotylidae) with consideration of the digenean digestive morphology
Fig. 2. Ultrastructure of esophageal epithelial lining of Aporocotyle simplex (A) Transition between muscular area of anterior foregut and anterior esophagus, note different kinds of cytoplasmic protrusions (B) Anterior esophagus showing luminal irregular, broad and angular cytoplasmic protrusions, note tegumental dense bodies in the syncytial cytoplasm (C) Cytoplasmic processes of sunken perikarya filled with dense bodies pass into esophageal syncytial cytoplasm, note vesicles localized close to surface membrane and discharged vesicles (D) Middle esophageal lining showing thinner and branched protrusions filling luminal area, note numerous cytoplasmic vesicles and rare dense secretory granules (insert) (E) Syncytial cytoplasmic layer of anterior esophagus, showing numerous vesicles, some tegumental dense bodies and tubular structures (F, G) Portion of middle esophageal cytoplasmic lining, note vesicles, discharged vesicles and rounded secretory granules. Abbreviatons: cp, cytoplasmic processes of the sunken perikarya; dv, discharged vesicles; esl, esophageal lumen; fl, flat epithelial layer; mt, microtubules; mw, membranous whorls; pr, cytoplasmic protrusions; sc, substance conglomeration; sec, syncytial esophageal cytoplasm; sg, secretory granules; ss, smooth surface; ts, tubular structures; other abbreviations in Fig. 1. Scale bars: A, В = 2 μm; B, E = 1 μm; C, insert, F, G = 0.5 μm.
Body size and digestive system shape resource selection by ungulates: a cross-taxa test of the Forage Maturation Hypothesis
<p>The Forage Maturation Hypothesis (FMH) states that energy intake for ungulates is maximized when forage biomass is at intermediate levels. Nevertheless, metabolic allometry and different digestive systems suggest that resource selection should vary across ungulate species. By combining GPS relocations with remotely-sensed data on forage characteristics and surface water, we quantified the effect of body size and digestive system in determining movements of 30 populations of hindgut fermenters (equids) and ruminants across biomes. Selection for intermediate forage biomass was negatively related to body size, regardless of the digestive system. Selection for proximity to surface water was stronger for equids relative to ruminants, regardless of body size. To be more generalizable, we suggest that the FMH explicitly incorporate contingencies in body size and digestive system, with small-bodied ruminants selecting more strongly for potential energy intake, and hindgut fermenters selecting more strongly for surface water.</p>
Figure 8 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 8. SEM images of the foregut of Anonyx nugax. (a) Stomach opened along the mid-dorsal line in dorsal view. (b) Oesophagus and stomach in ventral view. (c) Left laterale of a mid-dorsally opened stomach in dorsal view. (d) Dorsal view of the secondary filter of a mid-dorsally opened stomach. (e) Posterior portion of a dorsally opened stomach in dorsal view showing the posterior apex of the inferomedianum posterius. (f) Dissected fragment of the secondary filter showing the tip of the inferomedianum posterius. (g) Lateral side of the inferomedianum posterius showing the setae of the secondary filter. (h) Cross-section through the secondary filter. Abbreviations: amg – atrium of midgut glands; crf – canal of rough filter; e – oesophagus; fu – funnel; ila – inferolaterale anterius; ilp – inferolaterale posterius; ima – inferomedianum anterius; imp – inferomedianum posterius; l1–3 – rows of setae on laterale; la – laterale; lcf – lower canal of fine filter; lfu – lip of funnel; lsf – lower setal row in fine filter; lsi – lower setal row of inferolaterale posterius; lst – lateral setae (or spines) at tip of inferomedianum posterius; msp – marginal setae of inferolaterale posterius; mst – medial setae at tip of inferomedianum posterius; pb – pyloric basket; psl – posterior portion of superolateralia; sia – setae of inferolaterale anterius; sip – setae of inferolaterale posterius; sl – superolaterale; to – tongue of inferomedianum posterior; ucf – upper canal of fine filter; usf – upper setal row in secondary filter; usi – upper setal row of inferolateralia posterius. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C, D: 100 µm; E: 500 µm; F: 20 µm; G: 10 µm; H: 200 µm.
Figure 7 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 7. Light-microscopy images of the digestive system of Tmetonyx cicada. (a) General view of the digestive system, stereomicroscope image. (b) Stomach opened along the mid-dorsal line in ventral view, stereomicroscope image. (c) Squeeze preparation of an unidentified copepod in the stomach. (d) Squeeze preparation of the hindgut in dorsal view showing rectal caeca. Abbreviations: e – oesophagus; fu – funnel; hg – hindgut; ilp – inferolaterale posterius; imp – inferomedianum posterius; la – laterale; mg – midgut; psl – posterior portion of superolateralia; rc – rectal caecum; sm – stomach; to – tongue of inferomedianum posterior. Scale bars: A: 1 mm; B, D: 500 µm; C: 250 µm.
Figure 6 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 6. Light-microscopy images of the digestive system of Anonyx nugax. (a) General view of the digestive system, stereomicroscope image. (b) Stomach and midgut in lateral view, stereomicroscope image. (c) Cross-section through the pyloric basket. (d) Squeeze preparation of the midgut-hindgut junction in lateral view showing rectal caeca. Abbreviations: amg – atrium of midgut glands; arc – anterior loop of rectal caecum; dmc – dorsal median caecum; e – oesophagus; hg – hindgut; imp – inferomedianum posterius; lcf – lower canal of fine filter; lpc – lateral pyloric caecum; lsi – lower setal row of inferolaterale posterius; mg – midgut; prc – posterior loop of rectal caecum; rc – rectal caecum; sm – stomach; ucf – upper canal of fine filter; usi – upper setal row of inferolateralia posterius. Scale bars: A: 5 mm; B: 1 mm; C: 250 µm; D: 500 µm.
Figure 5 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 5. SEM images of the head and maxillipeds of Anonyx nugax (a–f) and Tmetonyx cicada (g–l). (a) Lateral view of the head with intact mouthparts. (b) Head with maxillipeds in situ seen in ventral view. (c) Right maxilliped in aboral view. (d) Distal portion of the left maxilliped in situ showing the palp and the outer plate in ventral view. (e) Inner plate of the left maxilliped in oral view. (f) Part of the distal tip in oral view showing two pairs of cuspidate setae. (g) Lateral view of the head with intact mouthparts. (h) Head with maxillipeds in situ seen in ventral view. (i) Maxillipeds in oral view. (j) Inner plates of maxillipeds in oral view. (k) Triangular processes at the anterior margins of the inner plates. (l) Oral surface of the outer plate showing pores along its medial margin in oral view. Abbreviations: cpi – cuspidate setae on inner plate of maxilliped; lb – labrum; ml – maxillula; ml pl – maxillular palp; md – mandible; md pl – mandibular palp; ml – maxillula; mmp – connecting membrane of maxilliped coxa; mx – maxilla; mp1–4 – palpal articles of maxilliped; mp bs – maxilliped basipod; mp cx – maxilliped coxa; mp ip – maxilliped inner plate; mp is – maxilliped ischium; mp op – maxilliped outer plate; mx – maxilla; ns – nodular spine; ppi – pappose setae on inner plate of maxilliped; psi – pappose setae on inner plate of maxilliped; ssi – simple setae on inner plate of maxilliped. Scale bars: A, C, G, H: 1 mm; B, D, I: 500 µm; E, J: 200 µm; F, L: 100 µm; K: 50 µm.
Figure 2 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 2. SEM images of mandibles of Anonyx nugax (a–e) and Tmetonyx cicada (f–k). (a) Mandibles in situ in ventral view (maxillipeds, maxillulae and maxillae removed). Note that the left incisor has proximally two teeth, while the right incisor only one. (b) Left mandible in oral view. Arrow points to the lacinia mobilis. (c) Right mandible in medial view. (d) Molar and setal row of the left mandible. (e) Cutting edge of the incisor and the lacinia mobilis (lm) of the left mandible. (f) Mandibles in situ in ventral view (maxillipeds, maxillulae and maxillae removed). (g) Right mandible in oral view. (h) Incisor and the setal row of the right mandible. (i) Mouth region showing the incisors and lacinia mobilis (arrowhead) on the left mandible. (j) Incisor of the left mandible. (k) Triturative surface of the molar of the left mandible. Arrowheads show crater-like structures. Abbreviations: ar – apical setae in mandibular setal row; hl – hinge line; in – incisor; lb – labrum; lm – lacinia mobilis; md pl – mandibular palp; mk – articulating knob of mandible; mmr – median ridge on molar process; mo – molar; sr – setal row; ti – medial teeth of incisor. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C, D, F, G: 500 µm; E, H, J: 100 µm; I: 200 µm; K: 30 µm.
Figure 3 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 3. SEM images of maxillulae of Anonyx nugax (a–d) and Tmetonyx cicada (e–h). (a) Head with maxillulae in situ shown in ventral view (with maxillae and maxillipeds removed). (b) Right maxilla in oral view. (c) Apical setation on the outer plate of the left maxilla in aboral view. (d) Setation on the inner plate and the base of the outer plate of the left maxilla in aboral view. (e) Head with maxillulae in situ shown in ventral view (with maxillae and maxillipeds removed). (f) Inner plate and the base of the outer plate of the right maxillula in aboral view. (g) Apical ends of maxillular palps in situ in ventral view. (h) Apical setation on the outer plate of the right maxillula in aboral view. Abbreviations: bo – setal band on outer plate of maxillula; lb – labrum; ml ip – maxillular inner plate; ml op – maxillular outer plate; ml pl – maxillular palp; pi – pappose seta on inner plate of maxillula; smp – spine-like setae of mandibular palps; st1–6 – spine teeth in apical row on maxillular outer plate; stA-D – spine teeth in subapical row on maxillular outer plate. Scale bars: A, B: 1 mm; C, E: 500 µm; D, F, H: 200 µm; G: 100 µm.
Figure 9 in Morphology of the mouthparts and digestive system in two species of Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea)
Figure 9. SEM images of the foregut of Tmetonyx cicada. (a) Stomach opened along the mid-dorsal line in dorsal view. (b) Lateral view of the right half of a mid-sagittally sectioned stomach. (c) Dorsal view of the anterior portion of a mid-dorsally opened stomach. (d) Lateral view of the right laterale of a midsagittally sectioned stomach. (e) Dorsal view of the rough filter of a mid-dorsally opened stomach. (f) Dorsal view of the secondary filter of a mid-dorsally opened stomach. (g) Posterior portion of a dorsally opened stomach in dorsal view showing the tongue of the inferomedianum posterius. Abbreviations: fu – funnel; ila – inferolaterale anterius; ilp – inferolaterale posterius; ima – inferomedianum anterius; imp – inferomedianum posterius; l1–3 – rows of setae on laterale; la – laterale; lsf – lower setal row in fine filter; lst – lateral setae (or spines) at tip of inferomedianum posterius; mst – medial setae at tip of inferomedianum posterius; psl – posterior portion of superolateralia; sf – secondary filter; sia – setae of inferolaterale anterius; sip – setae of inferolaterale posterius; sl – superolaterale; ssl – setae of superolaterale; to – tongue of inferomedianum posterior; usf – upper setal row in secondary filter; usi – upper setal row of inferolateralia posterius. Scale bars: A, B: 500 µm; C, E, G: 200 µm; D: 100 µm; F: 50 µm.
Crop diversification and digestate application effect on the productivity and efficiency of irrigated winter crop systems
<p>This dataset was done gathering and calculating data from an experiment integrated in the Circular Agronomics project. In October 2019 an experiment was setup in a randomized block design where 5 different irrigated winter crops were grown in 2 3-year rotations by 3 seasons. Several crop and and soil variables were measured to test for responses under different fertiliser treatments, including untreated and dried acidified digestates. There were also different crop precedents especifically for wheat, since this was the common crop between both rotations (cereal and diverse). With the gathered data we were able to calculate and test for differences in grain yield and N concentration, N uptake efficiency and water use efficiency of the different crops under different fertilisation and rotation (wheat) treatments. Also the soil was tested for differences in soil nitrates at 3 time points during the 3 seasons and soil total nitrogen at the end of the experiment. (Start: 2019-09-20 ; End: 2022-08-30)</p>
Clinical Study of Personalized mRNA Vaccine Encoding Neoantigen in Patients With Advanced Digestive System Neoplasms
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03468244. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Anti-HER2 Therapy in Patients of HER2 Positive Metastatic Carcinoma of Digestive System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03185988. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Autologous Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells for Digestive System in Preterm Neonates
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05138276. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
T Cell Mediated Adaptive Therapy for Her2-positive Neoplasms of Digestive System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02662348. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 26.
Establishment of Molecular Classification Models for Early Diagnosis of Digestive System Cancers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05431621. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Safety Study of Combining Ultrasound Microbubbles and Chemotherapy to Treat Malignant Neoplasms of Digestive System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02233205. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Role of Helicobacter Pylori and Its Toxins in Lung and Digestive System Diseases
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00366509. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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