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89 results for “dynamic management”
Data for: Effects of habitat management on rodent diversity, abundance, and virus infection dynamics
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Data from: forest stand dynamics of a short-stature tree species: ecological knowledge for sustainable forest management
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Data from: Quantifying the impacts of management and herbicide resistance on regional plant population dynamics in the face of missing data
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Landscape-scale dynamics of a threatened species respond to local-scale conservation management
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End-user involvement to improve predictions and management of populations with complex dynamics and multiple drivers
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The paradigm of tax-reward and tax-punishment strategies in the advancement of public resource management dynamics
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Data from: Incorporating temporal dynamics to enhance grazing management outcomes for a long-lived species
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Data from: Using the Spatial Population Abundance Dynamics Engine for conservation management
1. An explicit spatial understanding of population dynamics is often critical for effective management of wild populations. Sophisticated approaches are available to simulate these dynamics, but are largely either spatially homogeneous or agent-based, and thus best suited to small spatial or temporal scales. These approaches also often ignore financial decisions crucial to choosing management approaches on the basis of cost-effectiveness. 2. We created a user-friendly and flexible modelling framework for simulating these population issues at large spatial scales – the Spatial Population Abundance Dynamics Engine (SPADE). SPADE is based on the STAR model (McMahon et al. 2010) and uses a reaction-diffusion approach to model population trajectories and a cost-benefit analysis technique to calculate optimal management strategies over long periods and across broad spatial scales. It expands on STAR by incorporating species interactions and multiple concurrent management strategies, and by allowing full user control of functional forms and parameters. 3. We used SPADE to simulate the eradication of feral domestic cats Felis catus on sub-Antarctic Marion Island (Bester et al. 2002) and compared modelled outputs to observed data. The parameters of the best-fitting model reflected the conditions of the management programme, and the model successfully simulated the observed movement of the cat population to the southern and eastern portion of the island under hunting pressure. We further demonstrated that none of the management strategies would likely have been successful within a reasonable timeframe if performed in isolation. 4. SPADE is applicable to a wide range of population management problems, and allows easy generation, modification and analysis of management scenarios. It is a useful tool for the planning, evaluation and optimisation of the management of wild populations, and can be used without specialised training.
Data from: Variation across river channels in demographic dynamics of a riparian herb with threatened status: management and conservation implications
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Gesneria pauciflora is a rare-threatened plant growing in riparian forests. Periodic disturbances, expected in this habitat, could influence demographic dynamics on plant populations, yet their impact may not be the same across watershed. We hypothesize that differences in disturbances between the main-channel and tributaries may lead to spatial dissimilarities in population growth rate (λ), structure, and fecundity. METHODS: 1277 plants were tagged and monitored over a 1.5-years period. Every 6-months we measured plant size, survival and fecundity, in addition to appearance of seedlings. These variables were applied in Integral Projection Models to assess the population status of G. pauciflora. KEY RESULTS: Plants in the main-channel were smaller but were more likely to flower and fruit than those in the tributaries. Overall mortality was greater in the main-channel and more so during the rainy season. At both sites λ ranged from 0.9114-0.9865, and survival/growth of larger plants had a greater effect on lambda (> 0.90) regardless of site. CONCLUSIONS: Lambda values suggest that G. pauciflora is declining across the watershed. Higher mortality rates in the main channel (more-perturbed sites) might driving G. pauciflora to reproduced at smaller sizes, while the tributaries (less-perturbed sites) may benefit growth and lead to larger plant sizes. Extreme climatic events are expected to increase in the Caribbean and might decrease the population if left unmanaged. Management strategies that reduce the time plants require to reach larger sizes might be necessary to increase λ, and reintroduction of cuttings might be a possible solution.
FIG. 5 in Patch Dynamics Inform Management Decisions in a Threatened Frog Species
FIG. 5. (A) Crawfish Frog movement from Nate's Pond (Hillenbrand Fish and Wildlife Area-West, Greene County, Indiana). One-third of juvenile Crawfish Frogs that metamorphosed at Nate's Pond dispersed to nearby wetlands to breed. Two-thirds of juveniles returned to Nate's to breed. Numbers in parentheses represent counts of individuals. The sizes of the arrows are proportional to the number of individuals. (B) A subset of adult Crawfish Frogs shifted breeding wetlands between years. Colors match the initial wetland from which frogs emigrated. Numbers indicate counts of individuals moving between wetlands. Scale bar ¼ 500 m.
FIG. 4 in Patch Dynamics Inform Management Decisions in a Threatened Frog Species
FIG. 4. Retention of juvenile Crawfish Frogs released at artificial burrows west of Nate's Pond (Hillenbrand Fish and Wildlife AreaWest, Greene County, Indiana). From 24 June–1 August 2015, we used wildlife cameras to determine burrow occupancy. We defined snake predation as instances when frogs no longer appeared after a snake was photographed at burrows. Snake predation (n ¼ 10) and an unknown case of mortality (n¼ 1) are noted.
FIG. 1 in Patch Dynamics Inform Management Decisions in a Threatened Frog Species
FIG. 1. Crawfish Frog breeding wetlands (n ¼ 6) at Hillenbrand Fish and Wildlife Area-West (HFWA-W; Greene County, Indiana). We encircled Nate's and Cattail ponds (bolded text) with drift fence/pitfall trap arrays in 2009– 2016 and sampled at the remaining wetlands (Big, Erosion Control [EC], New, and Nate's Jr.) using funnel traps. We monitored Crawfish Frog breeding (late February through early May) and metamorphosis (mid-June through early August) at Nate's and Cattail, and only breeding at the remaining wetlands. The yellow outline indicates the boundary of HFWAW. Scale bar ¼ 1 km.
FIG. 2 in Patch Dynamics Inform Management Decisions in a Threatened Frog Species
FIG. 2. (A) Newly metamorphosed juvenile Crawfish Frogs at Nate's Pond (Hillenbrand Fish and Wildlife Area-West, Greene County, Indiana) exited with no specific directionality in 2009–2011 and 2014. Exiting frogs were captured by pitfall traps (indicated by yellow squares) positioned every 10 m along the drift fence. Sizes of trap squares are proportional to the number of juveniles exiting from each trap. Numbers next to the traps show the proportion of juveniles exiting from that trap, averaged across the years. (B) Post-breeding adult Crawfish Frogs exhibited a strong tendency to exit Nate's Pond towards the southeast, presumably in the direction of their primary burrow (Heemeyer and Lannoo, 2012). A smaller subset of adults exited east; a much smaller subset exited west. Sizes of trap squares are proportional to the ratio of adults versus juveniles exiting from each trap. We included adults that originated from Nate's Pond and were captured in 2013–2016, and excluded those from 2012 (small sample size, n ¼ 14). We included juveniles captured in 2009–2011 and 2014, and excluded years with small sample sizes (2013, n ¼ 8) and no recruitment (2012 and 2015). Scale bar ¼ 50 m.
Data from: A dynamical model for invasive round goby populations reveals efficient and effective management options
1. When prevention of invasive species' introductions fails, society faces the challenge to manage these invasive species in an effective and efficient way. The success of this depends on biological aspects and on cooperation between decision makers and scientists. Using the case of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus, one of Europe's worst invasive species, we propose an approach guiding scientists to co-produce effective and efficient population control measures in collaboration with decision makers. 2. We surveyed the effectiveness, urgency and simplicity perceived by decision makers as well as the support of two population control options: removal of eggs and/or adults. Using a field study and a dynamical population model, we investigated the effectiveness and efficiency for both options in different population contexts. 3. Decision makers initially seemed to lack a clear preference for either control option. After being presented with preliminary field and modelling results, decision makers mostly approved measures being developed to implement the two control options. 4. Starting population control early after detecting the species requires in total fewer years for eradication than controlling an established population: to reach an eradication success rate of 95%, 13 years for early start vs. 18 years for late start are needed when removing eggs and adults; when removing adults only, 20 vs. 29 years are needed. Removing eggs and adults combined results in a yearly effort of 5.01 h m-2, while removing adults only results in a yearly effort of 1.76 h m-2. Thus, removing adults only proved to be the most efficient option to eradicate the population. Nonetheless, considerable effort is needed: when removing less than 57% of the adult population, eradication is not feasible, even assuming low survival and fecundity rates for the population. Further, inflow of new propagules renders eradication efforts ineffective. 5. Synthesis and applications. Scientists who aim to support decision makers in finding an optimal control strategy for invasive species need to be able to provide scientific knowledge on effectiveness and efficiency of different options. For round goby and most non-native species, eradication is only feasible if started early in recently arrived populations and if inflow of new propagules can be prevented.
FIGURE 4 in Sustainable weed management and predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) dynamics in Tunisian citrus orchards
FIGURE 4: Mean Phytoseiidae densities (a) per citrus leaf, (b) per weed quadrat and (c) per trap for the two weeding modalities in three citrus species orchards of the experimental 2.
FIGURE 3 in Sustainable weed management and predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) dynamics in Tunisian citrus orchards
FIGURE 3: Mean Phytoseiidae densities per date (a) per citrus leaf, (b) per weed quadrat and (c) per trap for the four weeding modalities in the experimental site 1.
FIG. 3 in Breeding Population Dynamics of Threatened Crawfish Frogs Inform Targets for Habitat Management
FIG. 3. Correlation between tadpole survival and the instantaneous population growth rate (k) for 1,000 points drawn randomly from 1,000 simulations of stochastic population simulations of Nate's Pond with (left panel) and without (right panel) immigration included in the simulation model. The white line is a third order polynomial function fitted to the data, and the gray band represents the 95% confidence interval. The horizontal dashed line indicates a k of 1. The distributions of tadpole survival rates and k values are provided as marginal plots.
FIG. 2 in Breeding Population Dynamics of Threatened Crawfish Frogs Inform Targets for Habitat Management
FIG. 2. Percent change in the instantaneous population growth rate (k) in response to a percent change in female Crawfish Frog tadpole, juvenile, or adult survival rates for a population located in southwest Indiana, USA, between 2009–2013. Percent change in each vital rate represents the general range of that vital rate observed in this study. Change was estimated by varying the focal rate while holding all other rates constant.
FIG. 1 in Breeding Population Dynamics of Threatened Crawfish Frogs Inform Targets for Habitat Management
FIG. 1. (A) Post-birth, females-only, stage matrix model of Crawfish Frogs that accommodates age and state-specific transition probabilities and the ''temporary emigration'' of individuals that skip breeding or breed at other sites. (B) Projection matrix of the model used to estimate elasticities and sensitivities of vital rates. Parameters in the matrix model: embryonic survival (Se), tadpole survival (St), metamorph and juvenile survival (Sj), adult survival following the first breeding event (Sa1), adult survival following two or more breeding events (Sa2), probability that a one-year-old juvenile matures at age 2 (p), probability that a two-year-old juvenile matures at age 3 (q), the probability that a mature individual emigrates to become a non-breeding individual (c22), probability that a non-breeding individual remains a non-breeding individual (c'), and clutch size multiplied by 0.5 to represent half of all eggs developing into females (C). We assumed that all individuals mature by age 4. Individuals that emigrate to become a nonbreeding individual may either skip reproduction or breed at another site.
Effect of Dynamic Arterial Elastance and Assisted Fluid Management Software Guided Resuscitation in Septic Shock: Pilot Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06937918. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 15.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.