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133 results for “eastern Canada”
Exploration and diet specialization in eastern chipmunks - Québec - Canada
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A 249-year chronosequence of forest plots from eight successive fires in the eastern Canada boreal mixedwoods
<p>A combination of wildfires and defoliating insect outbreaks play an important role in the natural successional dynamics of North American boreal forests, which, in the long term, change the post-disturbance composition and structure of forest stands. After stand-replacing disturbances (mainly wildfires), early successional hardwoods typically dominate the affected areas in boreal forests. Provided sufficient time following disturbances, the increasing recruitment of mid- to late-successional softwoods as well as the mortality of hardwoods gradually change forest composition from hardwoods to admixtures of hardwood-conifer species and conifer-dominated stands in mid and late successional stages, respectively. Such mixed woods are abundant across the southern Canadian boreal forest. In boreal Canada, mixed woods are the most structurally heterogeneous forest ecosystems, are highly productive, and form an important source of timber supply. Here we present the EASTERN BOREAL MIXEDWOODS CANADA dataset, which documents the changes in composition and structure of stands originating from eight successive wildfires representing a chronosequence of 249 years in eastern Canada. This dataset has been used in several different projects to study and model the influence of natural (e.g., insect outbreaks) and anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., harvesting) on the dynamics of post-fire stands. The data covers a high range of variability in stand composition and structure, explained by species establishment, dominance and mixture. It thus constitutes a useful source of information to trace the dynamics of the main boreal tree species of eastern north America, from their establishment to their replacement at different spatial scales (e.g., from stand to landscape level).</p>
Eastern Canada Flocks: Images and manually annotated bird positions
The Eastern Canada (ECA) Flocks data set consists of manually annotated Images from the Common Eider (COEI, Somateria mollissima) Winter Survey and the Greater Snow Geese (GSGO, Anser caerulescens atlanticus) Spring Survey. The images were taken in Eastern Canada using fixed-wing aircraft and manually annotated with ImageJ's Cell counter plugins. We selected and annotated the ECA Flocks images in order to test the precision of the CountEm flock size estimation method. ECA Flocks includes 179 COEI and 99 GSGO single flock images. We cut each image manually to a rectangle that excluded large parts of the image with no birds. Both versions (original and cut) of each image are available in the data set. We manually annotated 637,555 (124,309 COEI and 514,235 GSGO) bird positions in the cut images from both surveys. Each bird has an associated "Type" which refers to species and/or sex. Sex identification was only possible for adult common eiders since females and immature males are brown birds whereas adult males have mainly white plumage. 64,484 male and 58,029 females were identified in the COEI images, as well as 1796 birds of other species. 504,891 Snow Geese and 9344 birds of other species were labeled in the GSGO images. A .csv file including all annotated bird positions and types is available for each image. The COEI and GSGO photos of the ECA Flocks data set were taken in the years 2006 and 2018 and 2016-2018 respectively. We selected these photos in order to include images with different quality and resolution. COEI and GSGO flock sizes range from 6 to 4,154 and from 43 to 36, 241 respectively. There is high variability in light conditions, backgrounds, number and spatial arrangement of birds across the images. The data set is therefore potentially useful to test the precision of methods for analyzing imagery to estimate the abundance of animals by directly detecting, identifying and counting individuals.
Data from: Variation in prevalence and intensity of macroparasites in moose and their interactions with winter tick load in eastern Canada
<p>Wild animals are infected with a large diversity and abundance of parasites that can affect their behavior, growth, body condition, and ultimately their survival. Although the adverse effects of parasites and the mechanisms involved in the interactions between a host and its parasites are generally well studied, much less is known about the additive or synergistic effects of multiple parasite species on a host. Moose populations in eastern Canada are infected by several species of endoparasites. In the last decades, the intensity of infestations by winter ticks, an ectoparasite, on moose have increased as a result of increased moose densities and favorable weather conditions that benefit winter tick survival. We aimed to document the diversity, intensity, prevalence, and distribution of different parasite species of moose in southern Quebec, Canada. We then evaluated the potential interaction between winter tick and endoparasites of moose, and we evaluated the effect of the simultaneous presence of ticks and endoparasites on moose body condition. To do so, we collected organs to identify and count endoparasite species, estimate winter tick abundance, and measure subcutaneous fat thickness from 174 hunted moose in fall 2019 in 8 regions of Quebec. Our results showed that the prevalence and intensity of winter tick and gastrointestinal parasites differed among regions, as well as the prevalence of the heart parasite <em>Taenia krabbei</em> and the intensity of lung parasite <em>Echinoccocus granulosus</em>. Moose body condition, however, was not influenced by the simultaneous presence of winter tick and endoparasites. The documentation of the interactive effects of multiple parasite species on a host is fundamental given that future environmental conditions in temperate climate will favor the reproduction, development, and survival of several parasite species, which could affect parasite diversity and abundance in the environment and modify host-parasite dynamics.</p>
Eastern Canada's Unified Heritage Building Database (EC-UHBD)
<p>This database merges details on heritage-listed buildings from multiple Eastern Canadian registers. A focus on structural characteristics available were able to be harmonized in this database including: construction date, number of stories, building materials, location, use type and links to the orginal building.</p> <p><strong>Data are still preliminary and in review.</strong></p> <p>The building registers are listed here: </p> <ul> <li>Parks Canada Federal Database of Historic Buildings (Parks Canada, 2018)</li> <li>Historic Places (<em>Parks Canada</em>, 2001)</li> <li>Répertoire du patrimoine du Québec (Québec, 2013.</li> <li>Grande Répertoire du patrimoine bâti de Montréal (<em>Montreal.ca</em>, 2021a)</li> <li>L’inventaire des propriétés municipales d’intérêt patrimonial (<em>Montreal.ca</em>, 2021b)</li> <li>Le patrimoine du Vieux-Montréal en détail (<em>Montreal.ca</em>, 2021c)</li> <li>Répertoire du patrimoine bâti (<em>Ville de Québec</em>, 2023)</li> <li>Ontario Trust Database (<em>Ontario Heritage Trust</em>, 2023)</li> <li>Lieux de culte du Québec (Conseil du patrimoine religieux du Québec, 2011)</li> </ul>
Limited recovery following a massive seagrass decline in subarctic eastern Canada
<p><span>Over the last few decades, there has been increasing recognition of seagrasses' contribution to the functioning of nearshore ecosystems and climate change mitigation. </span><span>Nevertheless, </span><span>seagrass ecosystems have been deteriorating globally at an accelerating rate during recent decades. In 2017, research into the condition of eelgrass (</span><em><span>Zostera marina</span></em><span>) along the eastern coast of James Bay, Canada</span><span>, was initiated in response to reports of eelgrass decline by the Cree First Nations of Eeyou Istchee. As part of this research, we compiled and analyzed two decades of eelgrass cover data and three decades of eelgrass monitoring data (biomass and density) to detect changes and assess possible</span><span> environmental drivers</span><span>. We detected a major decline in eelgrass conditions between 1995 and 1999, which encompassed the entire east coast of James Bay. Surveys conducted in 2019 and 2020 indicated limited changes post-decline, e.g., low eelgrass cover (<25%), low aboveground biomass, smaller shoots than before 1995, and marginally low densities persisted at most sites. Overall, the synthesized datasets show a 40 % loss of eelgrass meadows with > 50% cover in eastern James Bay since 1995, representing the largest scale eelgrass decline documented in eastern Canada since the massive die-off event that occurred in the 1930s along the North Atlantic coast. Using biomass data collected since 1982, but geographically limited to the sector of the coast near the regulated La Grande River, generalized additive modeling revealed eelgrass meadows are affected by local sea surface temperature, early ice breakup, and higher summer freshwater discharge. Our results caution against assuming subarctic </span><span>seagrass ecosystems</span><span> have avoided recent global declines or will benefit from ongoing climate warming.</span></p>
Data from: Variation in prevalence and intensity of macroparasites in moose and their interactions with winter tick load in eastern Canada
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Limited recovery following a massive seagrass decline in subarctic eastern Canada
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Eastern Canada Flocks: Images and manually annotated bird positions
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An ensemble machine learning bioavailable strontium isoscape for Eastern Canada
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A 249-year chronosequence of forest plots from eight successive fires in the eastern Canada boreal mixedwoods
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Comparison of individual variation of spicule dimensions of Plicatellopsis bowerbanki (Vosmaer, 1885) comb. nov. given in micrometers as minimum-mean-maximum of length x width. n = 30 measurements of individual spicules, except from literature sources. in Geographic range extensions of stalked, flabelliform sponges (Porifera) from eastern Canada with a new combination of a species of Plicatellopsis in the North Atlantic
Comparison of individual variation of spicule dimensions of Plicatellopsis bowerbanki (Vosmaer, 1885) comb. nov. given in micrometers as minimum-mean-maximum of length x width. n = 30 measurements of individual spicules, except from literature sources.
FIGURE 4 in Geographic range extensions of stalked, flabelliform sponges (Porifera) from eastern Canada with a new combination of a species of Plicatellopsis in the North Atlantic
FIGURE 4. Semisuberites cribrosa (Miklucho-Maclay 1870). A–C. collected specimens showing long stalks; D. spicules, styles of various sizes; E. skeleton.
FIGURE 3 in Geographic range extensions of stalked, flabelliform sponges (Porifera) from eastern Canada with a new combination of a species of Plicatellopsis in the North Atlantic
FIGURE 3. Cladocroce spatula (Lundbeck, 1902). A–C, collected specimens; D. skeleton showing anisotrophic reticulation and axial fibres; E. spicules. Thin oxeas are uncommon and may represent a developmental form.
FIGURE 2 in Geographic range extensions of stalked, flabelliform sponges (Porifera) from eastern Canada with a new combination of a species of Plicatellopsis in the North Atlantic
FIGURE 2. Axinella arctica (Vosmaer, 1885): A. small specimen attached to pebble, thick stalk visible; B. underside of collected fragments; C. specimen amongst Duva sp. soft corals; D. specimen from B in situ; E. skeleton; F. spicules, oxeas and styles. In situ photo credit: DFO/CSSF/ArcticNet.
Occupancy and detection probability of American Three-toed Woodpecker in a heavily-managed boreal forest of eastern Canada
<p>The southern extent of the boreal forest in North America has experienced intensive human disturbance in recent decades. Among these, forest harvesting leads to the substantial loss of late-successional stands that include key habitat attributes for several avian species. The American Three-toed Woodpecker, <em>Picoides dorsalis</em>, is associated with continuous old spruce forests in the eastern part of its range. In this study, we assessed the influence of habitat characteristics at different scales on the occupancy of American Three-toed Woodpecker in a heavily-managed boreal landscape of northeastern Canada, and we inferred species occupancy at the regional scale. We conducted 185<br> playback stations over two breeding seasons and modelled the occupancy of the species while taking into account the probability of detection. American Three-toed Woodpecker occupancy was lower in stands with large areas recently clear-cut, and higher in landscapes with large extents of old-growth forest dominated by black spruce. At the regional scale, areas with high probability of occupancy were scarce and mostly within protected areas. Habitat requirements of the American Three-toed Woodpecker during the breeding season, coupled with overall low occupancy rate in our study area, challenge its long-term sustainability in such heavily managed landscapes. Additionally, the scarcity of areas of high probability of occupancy in the region suggests that the ecological role of old forest outside protected areas could be compromised.</p>
Data from: Simulated caribou browsing limits the effect of nutrient addition on the growth of Betula glandulosa, an expanding shrub species in Eastern Canada
1.Warmer summer temperatures and enhanced soil fertility increase shrub growth in tundra ecosystems, and these factors have likely contributed to shrub expansion at the circumpolar scale over the last decades. Conversely, large herbivores have the potential to counteract the positive impacts of climate change on shrub growth. Indeed, by stripping the leaves, herbivores have the potential to control the growth of shrub species and, consequently, limit their expansion. 2.To disentangle the impacts of climate change and herbivory on Betula glandulosa Michx., we conducted a 5-yr factorial experiment near Deception Bay, Nunavik, Canada, in which we simulated warmer temperatures, increased nitrogen availability and three caribou browsing intensities during the growing season. At the end of the experiment, we harvested the aboveground biomass of B. glandulosa and conducted dendrochronological analyses on stems. 3.Fertilized plots under ambient temperature had 34% greater shrub biomass than plots assigned to the combined treatment of nitrogen addition and warmer temperatures. Browsing intensity had no effect on final biomass. Nitrogen addition increased radial growth (18-33%; 3 years out of 5). Overall, browsing had a cumulative negative impact on B. glandulosa radial growth during the 5-yr experiment. While browsing had no effect in the first year of the experiment, moderate browsing (leaves stripped on 25% of available shoots) decreased radial growth by 27% at year 2, 32% at year 4 and 27% at year 5. Heavy browsing (leaves stripped on 75% of available shoots annually) decreased radial growth by approximately 27% at year 2, 37% at year 3, 50% at year 4 and 48% at year 5. We did not observe significant interactions between browsing, temperature and nitrogen availability. 4.Synthesis. Our results clearly showed that caribou browsing may limit the growth of B. glandulosa, and thus can potentially limit its expansion. Herbivory should thus be considered when predicting tundra vegetation changes in the Arctic, at least in areas with high herbivore densities.
FIGURES 1–5. Elachiptera aquila. 1 in A new brachypterous species of Elachiptera Becker (Diptera: Chloropidae) from freshwater wetlands in eastern Canada
FIGURES 1–5. Elachiptera aquila. 1. Wing; 2. Head (dorsal); 3. Antenna (lateral); 4. Male genitalia (lateral); 5. Male genitalia (posterior). Abbreviations: cer — cercus; epd — epandrium; hyp hypandrium; phap — phallapodeme; phal — phallus; pog — postgonite; sur — surstylus. Scale bar = 0.1mm (Figs. 45)
FIGURE 5. A in Scapheremaeus rodickae n. sp. (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) associated with temporary rock pools in Georgia, with key to Scapheremaeus species in eastern USA and Canada
FIGURE 5. A) type locality of Scapheremaeus rodickae n. sp., showing Grimmia laevigata moss alongside depressions in granite outcrop that accumulate water; B) Scapheremaeus rodickae n. sp. tritonymph, right gastronotic seta lp; C) same, dorsal aspect. Differential interference contrast illumination in B, C; layered from 4 and 10 sequentially focused images, respectively. Scale bars: B, 5 μm; C, 50 μm.
FIGURE 6 in Scapheremaeus rodickae n. sp. (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) associated with temporary rock pools in Georgia, with key to Scapheremaeus species in eastern USA and Canada
FIGURE 6. Scapheremaeus species from eastern USA and Canada, dorsal aspect: A) S. rodickae n. sp.; B) S. marginalis (Banks); C) S. palustris (Sellnick); D) S. parvulus (Banks). Differential interference contrast illumination, layered from 6–8 sequentially focused images. Scale bars 50 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.