Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
75
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
75 results for “extreme response”
Data from: Survival and growth of three boreal conifer species transplanted to warm sites: Implications for responses to global warming and extreme climatic events
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: The adaptive potential of plant populations in response to extreme climate events
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Tree growth responses to extreme drought after mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest, USA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Site fidelity and behavioral plasticity regulate an ungulate’s response to extreme disturbance
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Responses of a widespread pest insect to extreme high temperatures are stage-dependent and divergent among seasonal cohorts
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Hormonal and metabolic responses to upper temperature extremes in divergent life-history ecotypes of a garter snake
Extreme temperatures constrain organismal physiology and impose both acute and chronic effects. Additionally, temperature-induced hormone-mediated stress response pathways and energetic trade-offs are important drivers of life-history variation. This study employs an integrative approach to quantify acute physiological responses to high temperatures in divergent life-history ecotypes of the western terrestrial garter snake (Thamnophis elegans). Using wild-caught animals, we measured oxygen consumption rate and physiological markers of hormonal stress response, energy availability, and anaerobic respiration in blood plasma across five ecologically relevant temperatures (24, 28, 32, 35, and 38° C; 3-hour exposure). Corticosterone, insulin, and glucose concentrations all increased with temperature, but with different thermal response curves, suggesting that high temperatures differently affect energy-regulation pathways. Additionally, oxygen consumption rate increased without plateau and lactate concentration did not increase with temperature, challenging the recent hypothesis that oxygen limitation sets upper thermal tolerance limits. Finally, animals had similar physiological thermal responses to high-temperature exposure regardless of genetic background, suggesting that local adaptation has not resulted in fixed differences between ecotypes. Together, these results identify some of the mechanisms by which higher temperatures alter hormonal-mediated energy balance in reptiles and potential limits to the flexibility of this response.
Data from: No phenotypic plasticity in nest-site selection in response to extreme flooding events
Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial mechanism for responding to changes in climatic means, yet we know little about its role in responding to extreme climatic events (ECEs). ECEs may lack the reliable cues necessary for phenotypic plasticity to evolve; however, this has not been empirically tested. We investigated whether behavioural plasticity in nest-site selection allows a long-lived shorebird (Haematopus ostralegus) to respond to flooding. We collected longitudinal nest elevation data on individuals over two decades, during which time flooding events have become increasingly frequent. We found no evidence that individuals learn from flooding experiences, showing nest elevation change consistent with random nest-site selection. There was also no evidence of phenotypic plasticity in response to potential environmental cues (lunar nodal cycle and water height). A small number of individuals, those nesting near an artificial sea wall, did show an increase in nest elevation over time; however, there is no conclusive evidence this occurred in response to ECEs. Our study population showed no behavioural plasticity in response to changing ECE patterns. More research is needed to determine whether this pattern is consistent across species and types of ECEs. If so, ECEs may pose a major challenge to the resilience of wild populations.
Data from: Extreme ecological response of a seabird community to unprecedented sea ice cover
Climate change has been predicted to reduce Antarctic sea ice but, instead, sea ice surrounding Antarctica has expanded over the past 30 years, albeit with contrasted regional changes. Here we report a recent extreme event in sea ice conditions in East Antarctica and investigate its consequences on a seabird community. In early 2014, the Dumont d'Urville Sea experienced the highest magnitude sea ice cover (76.8%) event on record (1982–2013: range 11.3–65.3%; mean±95% confidence interval: 27.7% (23.1–32.2%)). Catastrophic effects were detected in the breeding output of all sympatric seabird species, with a total failure for two species. These results provide a new view crucial to predictive models of species abundance and distribution as to how extreme sea ice events might impact an entire community of top predators in polar marine ecosystems in a context of expanding sea ice in eastern Antarctica.
Three‐dimensional soil heterogeneity modulates responses of grassland mesocosms to an experimentally imposed drought extreme
<p>Heterogeneity is an intrinsic characteristic of soils, which regulates plant diversity and ecosystem functioning. However, whether soil heterogeneity also modulates responses of plant communities to climate change, including climate extremes, remains largely an open question. Here, we explore responses of plant communities to drought extremes across four levels of spatial soil heterogeneity, with cell sizes varying from very small to very large, i.e. 0, 12, 24 and 48 cm. These were created in mesocosms by alternating nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor substrate in three dimensions. A seed mixture of 24 grassland species was evenly sown on each mesocosm in spring. In late summer, a three-week drought was imposed with a rainout shelter. During the drought, soil water content at the mesocosm scale decreased more at intermediate (12 and 24 cm) than at small or large (0 and 48 cm) cell sizes, which was reflected in increased senescence and drought-induced heat stress. These responses could be traced to greater plant biomass coupled with higher water demand at those intermediate cell sizes, likely related to between-cell access to nutrients and effects of diversity and community composition. Our results indicate that soil heterogeneity can modulate the impact of drought extremes on plant communities, though more research is needed on the transition between intermediate and extreme cell sizes, where heterogeneity effects seem to change most. We propose that soil heterogeneity be considered more explicitly in studies of changing precipitation regimes.</p>
Temporal dynamics of range-expander and congeneric native plant responses during and after extreme drought events
<p>Current climate change causes range shifts of many species to higher latitudes and altitudes, and enhances their exposure to extreme weather events. It has been shown that range shifting plant species may perform differently in the new soil than related natives, however, little is known about how extreme weather events influence range-shifting plants compared to related natives. Here, we used outdoor mesocosms to study how range-shifting plant species respond to extreme drought in live soil from a habitat in the new range with and without live soil from a habitat in the original range. During summer drought, shoot biomass of the range-expanders was reduced. In spite of this, in the mixed community range-expanders produced more shoot biomass than congeneric natives. In mesocosms with a history of range-expanders in the previous year, native plants produced less biomass. Plant legacy or soil origin effects did not change the response of natives or range-expanders to summer drought. During rewetting, range-expanders had less biomass than congeneric natives, but had higher drought resilience (survival) in soils from the new range where in the previous year native plant species had grown. The biomass patterns of the mixed plant communities were dominated by Centaurea species, however, not all plant species within the groups of natives and of range expanders showed the general pattern. Drought reduced litter decomposition, microbial biomass and abundances of bacterivorous, fungivorous and carnivorous nematodes. Their abundances recovered during rewetting. There was less microbial biomass, fungal biomass and there were fewer fungivorous nematodes in soils from the original range (Hungary) where range-expanders had grown in the previous year. We conclude that in mixed plant communities of range-expanders and congeneric natives, range-expanders performed better, both under ambient and drought conditions, than congeneric natives. However, when considering the responses of individual species, we observed variations among couples of congenerics, so that under the present-mixed community-conditions there was no uniformity in responses to drought of range expanders versus congeneric natives. Range-expanding plant species reduced soil fungal biomass and numbers of soil fungivorous nematodes, suggesting that effects of range-expanding plant species can trickle up in the soil food web.</p>
The importance of considering the duration of extreme temperatures when investigating responses to climate change
<p><span>The frequency and duration of heatwaves are increasing because of human activities. To cope with the changes, species with longer generation times may have to rely on plastic responses. The probability that their responses are adaptive is higher if the species have experienced temperature fluctuations also in their evolutionary past. However, experimental studies investigating responses to heatwaves often use exposure times that are significantly shorter than recent heatwaves. We show that this can lead to faulty conclusions and that the duration of higher temperature has to be considered in experimental designs. We recorded the response of threespine stickleback to prolonged duration of higher temperature during the breeding season, using a population that has experienced large fluctuations in temperature in its past and, hence, is expected to endure temperature changes well. We found males to adaptively adjust their reproductive behaviours to short periods of higher temperature, but not to longer periods that extended across two breeding cycles. Males initially increased their reproductive activities - nest building, courtship and parental care - which ensured high reproductive success during the first breeding cycle, but decreased their reproductive activities during the second breeding cycle when exposed to sustained high temperature. This reduced their courtship success and resulted in fewer offspring. Thus, a species expected to cope well with higher temperature suffers fitness reductions when the duration of high temperature is prolonged. The results stress the importance of considering the duration of extreme environmental conditions when investigating the impact that human activities have on species. Responses to short-term exposures cannot be extrapolated to assess responses to longer periods of extreme conditions.</span></p>
Data supplementing article "Dramatic estuarine response to a hurricane with extreme precipitation: Hurricane Harvey in Galveston Bay"
<p>This is data set used to plotting the figure that describes the relationship between surface landward current at buoy station g06010 and section-averaged landward current at the entrance of Galveston Bay. </p> <p> </p>
Extreme temperatures help in identifying thresholds in phenological responses
<p>Aim: To investigate temperature drivers of the spring phenology of 12 flowering events and 6 leafing events. Boreal phenology has previously exhibited only a modest response to temperature but record breaking temperatures in March 2020 led to some extreme phenological timing and provided the opportunity for a more rigorous look at the nature and complexity of the relationship between temperature and phenology.</p> <p>Location: Boreal habitat in the Tatarstan Republic of Russia</p> <p>Time period: 1989-2020</p> <p>Major taxa studied: 18 plant species</p> <p>Methods: We examined for changes over time in the timing of phenological events and the relationship with temperature drivers using a range of regression techniques. Extreme temperatures caused some extreme phenology and visually suggested temperature thresholds which were investigated using segmented regression (broken stick models). The performance of these models was subsequently compared to more complex alternatives based on accumulated daily temperatures.</p> <p>Results: Temperatures in March 2020 were the warmest for this month in a record covering 200 years and were 5.9°C above the 1989-2020 average. Significant advances over time were detected for only seven of the events, but all events demonstrated significant relationships with temperature variables. Segmented regression identified significant temperature thresholds for 13 of the events with substantially stronger temperature relationships above these thresholds. Segmented regressions outperformed models based on accumulated daily temperatures for 12 of 18 events.</p> <p>Main conclusions: The threshold models were a significant improvement over a linear response to temperature for 13 of the 18 events. The presence of thresholds partly explains why the response of boreal phenology to temperature previously seemed lower than in, for example, Western Europe. Responses to temperature above the identified thresholds were closer to those widely published from milder locations.</p>
Predicting Radiotherapy Response and Toxicities in Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities - Cohort B
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05978024. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Evaluation of Lower Extremity Athletic Injuries and Response to Treatment Using SWE and MFI
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05608824. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 31.
Data from: Extreme ecological response of a seabird community to unprecedented sea ice cover
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Three‐dimensional soil heterogeneity modulates responses of grassland mesocosms to an experimentally imposed drought extreme
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Hormonal and metabolic responses to upper temperature extremes in divergent life-history ecotypes of a garter snake
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Extreme temperatures help in identifying thresholds in phenological responses
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: No phenotypic plasticity in nest-site selection in response to extreme flooding events
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.